Rural – urban inequalities in late-stage breast cancer: spatial and social dimensions of risk and access

McLafferty, Sara; Wang, Fahui; Luo, Lan; Butler, Jared

doi:10.1068/b36145

Cited by 52 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…11,39,40 There is also an assumption that the greater the distance to travel, the higher the incidence of psychological morbidity and the poorer the compliance with treatment. 11,41 A study by Wang and colleagues 11 [N = 9,077] on late-stage breast cancer diagnosis and health care access in Illinois, argued that spatial access to primary care doctors and time travel is critically important in achieving high rates of early breast cancer detection in Illinois and surrounding states.…”

Section: Krzyzak Et Al 2010 (48)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…39,40,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] Gregorio et al 44 [N = 12,415] examined geographical differences in breast cancer according to precise geographic coordinates in Connecticut, 1991-1995. Results showed that breast cancer rates were lower than expected for the rural, outermost counties of northeast (risk of disease among residents relative to elsewhere in the state [RR] was .67; p=.001) and northwest (RR = .88; p = .03) Connecticut.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…23,35,38,40,47 Particularly for Black and Hispanic White women, living in rurally remote areas is likely to affect their cancer health prognosis and survival. 4,27 Amey et al 23 [N = 79,946] revealed that place of residence had a differential impact on stage at diagnosis across racial groups.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Geographical Location and Stage of Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Williams

Jeanetta

James

2016

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved

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Section: Krzyzak Et Al 2010 (48)mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographical Location and Stage of Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Williams

Jeanetta

James

2016

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved

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“…Analysis of the spatial distribution The analysis of geographical distribution patterns and or temporal evolution of disease, covered in about 50% and/or temporal evolution of disease of the articles, can be applied for different purposes, including identification of priority areas for action to fight the disease (Horner et al, 2011), evaluation of the area of influence of health facilities (McLafferty et al, 2011), or, more often, to evaluate the evolution of the number of cases and search for possible explanatory factors for their occurrence (Huang et al, 2009 …”

Section: Research Approach Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial epidemiology of cancer: a review of data sources, methods and risk factors

Roquette¹,

Paìnho²,

Nunes

2017

Geospat Health

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Cancer is a major concern among chronic diseases today. Spatial epidemiology plays a relevant role in this matter and we present here a review of this subject, including a discussion of the literature in terms of the level of geographic data aggregation, risk factors and methods used to analyse the spatial distribution of patterns and spatial clusters. For this purpose, we performed a websearch in the Pubmed and Web of Science databases including studies published between 1979 and 2015. We found 180 papers from 63 journals and noted that spatial epidemiology of cancer has been addressed with more emphasis during the last decade with research based on data mostly extracted from cancer registries and official mortality statistics. In general, the research questions present in the reviewed papers can be classified into three different sets: i) analysis of spatial distribution of cancer and/or its temporal evolution; ii) risk factors; iii) development of data analysis methods and/or evaluation of results obtained from application of existing methods. This review is expected to help promote research in this area through the identification of relevant knowledge gaps. Cancer's spatial epidemiology represents an important concern, mainly for public health policies design aimed to minimise the impact of chronic disease in specific populations. IntroductionGiven the relevance of spatial epidemiology in health research and the emphasis of cancer among chronic diseases, as well as the growing amount of studies in this area, it is important to know what the literature says about spatial epidemiology of cancer as well as provide its structured description. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is a leading cause of death in the world (WHO, 2015). It is also the cause of various morbidities and co-morbidities and can be responsible for loss of years of life years as well as loss of years without disability. Considering the aging population, it is predicted that the number of new cases of cancer will increase by more than 12% over the next decade in the European Union (EU) (DGS, 2013). The fight against cancer is a major challenge in public health. This challenge is due in part to the inequalities in terms of incidence, mortality, and survival. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is needed (Bastos et al., 2010). Among the various fields that can contribute to the development of knowledge about this disease, spatial epidemiology plays an important role. It can promote the understanding of spatial and temporal distribution patterns, helping to better identify the risk factors that influence them.Three types of approach can be established in spatial epidemiology: i) mapping; ii) geographic correlation; and iii) clustering (Elliott and Wartenberg, 2004). Mapping or map design regarding health and disease situations is the most often mentioned and used of these three approaches. Further, geographic correlation studies have the goal to spatially compare the health with several types of factors such as e...

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“…2,10 However, research from the US has provided contradictory findings, reporting increased likelihood of late-stage cancer among urban patients. 11,12 Achieving a true understanding of the relationship between rural residence and cancer outcomes is hindered by a focus on outcomes, survival, and stage, rather than process. There have been few meaningful attempts to compare urban and rural cancer diagnosis at the level of GP-patient interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of travel time and rurality on presentation and outcomes of symptomatic colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional cohort study in primary care

et al. 2017

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Background: Several studies have reported a survival disadvantage for rural dwellers who develop colorectal cancer, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Delayed presentation to GPs may be a contributory factor, but evidence is lacking. Aim: To examine the association between rurality and travel time on diagnosis and survival of colorectal cancer in a cohort from northeast Scotland. Design and setting: The authors used a database linking GP records to routine data for patients diagnosed between 1997 and 1998, and followed up to 2011. Method: Primary outcomes were alarm symptoms, emergency admissions, stage, and survival. Travel time in minutes from patients to GP was estimated. Logistic and Cox regression were used to model outcomes. Interaction terms were used to determine if travelling time impacted differently on urban versus rural patients. Results: Rural patients and patients travelling farther to the GP had better 3-year survival. When the travel outcome associations were explored using interaction terms, the associations differed between rural and urban areas. Longer travel in urban areas significantly reduced the odds of emergency admissions (odds ratio [OR] 0.62, P<0.05), and increased survival (hazard ratio 0.75, P<0.05). Longer travel also increased the odds of presenting with alarm symptoms in urban areas; this was nearly significant (OR 1.34, P = 0.06). Presence of alarm symptoms reduced the likelihood of emergency admissions (OR 0.36, P<0.01). Conclusion: Living in a rural area, and travelling farther to a GP in urban areas, may reduce the likelihood of emergency admissions and poor survival. This may be related to how patients present with alarm symptoms

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Rural – urban inequalities in late-stage breast cancer: spatial and social dimensions of risk and access

Cited by 52 publications

References 50 publications

Geographical Location and Stage of Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Geographical Location and Stage of Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Spatial epidemiology of cancer: a review of data sources, methods and risk factors

Impact of travel time and rurality on presentation and outcomes of symptomatic colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional cohort study in primary care

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