Rural Residence and Poverty Are Independent Risk Factors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the United States

Raju, Sarath; Keet, Corinne A.; Paulin, Laura M.; Matsui, Elizabeth C.; Peng, Roger D.; Hansel, Nadia N.; McCormack, Meredith C.

doi:10.1164/rccm.201807-1374oc

Cited by 86 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The human exposure to air pollution is associated with increased mortality [18]. A high prevalence of COPD was reported in urban areas, especially in high-density areas [19][20][21]. The possible effects of urban built environments on COPD, therefore, may function through two ways: air quality and physical activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of High-Density Urban Built Environment on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Study of Jing’an District, Shanghai

Wang

Chen

Sun

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Respiratory health is a focus of interdisciplinary studies involving urban planning and public health. Studies have noted that urban built environments have impacts on respiratory health by influencing air quality and human behavior such as physical activity. The aim of this paper was to explore the impact of urban built environments on respiratory health, taking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as one of the typical respiratory diseases for study. A cross-sectional study was conducted including all cases (N = 1511) of death from COPD in the high-density Jing’an district of Shanghai from 2001 to 2010. Proxy variables were selected to measure modifiable features of urban built environments within this typical high-density district in Shanghai. A geographically weighted regression (GWR) model was used to explore the effects of the built environment on the mortality of COPD and the geographical variation in the effects. This study found that land use mix, building width-height ratio, frontal area density, and arterial road density were significantly correlated to the mortality of COPD in high-density urban area. By identifying built environment elements adjustable by urban planning and public policy, this study proposes corresponding environmental intervention for respiratory health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of High-Density Urban Built Environment on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Study of Jing’an District, Shanghai

Wang

Chen

Sun

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…We adjusted for socioeconomic status and rural residence because people with HIV were disproportionately represented in low-income neighbourhoods and urban centres, and prior research has associated these variables with COPD. 31 We adjusted for comorbidity burden to account for differences in the underlying health of people with and without HIV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in people with HIV in Ontario, 1996–2015: a retrospective population-based cohort study

Antoniou

Yao

Raboud

et al. 2020

cmajo

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“…Therefore, the associations with the mortality rates were more significant in Area 1 than in other areas. Because differences of population densities (especially in areas with more than 25 million people in Area 1) result in the accessibility of healthcare service as well as advanced technologies in public health [29][30][31], the mortality rates of circulatory and respiratory diseases in the Area 1 could be relatively lower than those in other areas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and mortality rates because of circulatory and respiratory diseases in South Korea

Kwon¹,

Hwang²,

Yi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background : Associations between long-term exposure to common air pollutants including nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), ozone, and particulate matter (PM 10 ) and health consequences have been studied. We investigated spatial effects of exposure to air pollution on mortality by circulatory and respiratory diseases nation-wide and in metropolitan. Methods: Means of daily concentration of the common air pollutants from 2005 to 2016 were calculated by district unit using linear interpolation. Age-standardized mortality rates of people suffering from heart disease (HD); cerebrovascular disease (CVD); ischemic heart disease (IHD); pneumonia (PN) and chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD) were acquired from population census data. Sub-divided comparisons were performed to adjust spatial heterogeneity. Pearson’s correlation coefficients between mortality rates and air pollutant concentrations were investigated. Multivariable linear regressions were performed to investigate associations considering confounding factors. Results: Air pollutant concentration in metropolitan was the highest, except SO 2 ; in particular, PM 10 concentration was higher than air quality standard (PM 10 : 55.27 µg/m 3 , air quality standard: 50.00 µg/m 3 , P<0.05). Pearson’s correlation coefficient between PM 10 and mortality rates was significant ( r =0.313, 0.596, 0.420, -0.277 and 0.523 for HD, CVD, IHD, PN, and CLRD, all P<0.05) in metropolitan. The powers of regression model for PM 10 , smoking rate, education level, and population density were 0.532 and 0.482 (adjusted R 2 ) for mortality rates of CVD and CLRD, respectively. Conclusion : Long-term exposure study with sub-divided analysis showed overall associations between air pollution exposure and circulatory and respiratory disease mortalities. PM 10 exposure was significantly associated with mortality of CVD and CLRD in metropolitan.

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Rural Residence and Poverty Are Independent Risk Factors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the United States

Cited by 86 publications

References 44 publications

Impact of High-Density Urban Built Environment on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Study of Jing’an District, Shanghai

Impact of High-Density Urban Built Environment on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Case Study of Jing’an District, Shanghai

Incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in people with HIV in Ontario, 1996–2015: a retrospective population-based cohort study

Association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and mortality rates because of circulatory and respiratory diseases in South Korea

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