Rural Non-farm Employment in Eastern India: Implications for Economic Well-being

Kumar, Anjani; Deka, Nijara; Bathla, Seema; Saroj, Sunil; Srivastava, Sangeeta

doi:10.1007/s41027-020-00243-4

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…That means individuals belonging to economically better-off families are, on an average, more likely to join non-farm sector jobs. This result is consistent with the findings of earlier Indian studies like Lanjouw and Sharif (2004), Lanjouw and Murgai (2009) and Kumar et al (2020), as well as the findings of studies conducted in Africa and East Asian countries like Hoang et al (2014), Imai et al (2015), Zereyesus et al (2017) and Bui and Hoang (2021). According to these studies, participation in non-farm sector activities helps households to come out of poverty.…”

Section: Econometrics Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The coefficient of the logarithm of wage (predicted) is positive and statistically highly significant in the case of both farm and non-farm employment choices. This finding is supported by earlier studies like Lanjouw and Lanjouw (2001), Sahu (2004), Lanjouw and Sharif (2004), Lanjouw and Murgai (2009), Jatav and Sen (2013) and Kumar et al (2020). According to these studies, the non-farm sector normally offers relatively higher wages or earnings to an individual as compared to their farm income.…”

Section: Micro-level Factors Determining Farm and Non-farm Employment...supporting

confidence: 70%

“…(2) (2013) and Kumar et al (2020), which have found that entry to non-farm sector jobs is restricted for illiterates and for individuals without any technical education qualification. We found that even individuals with higher levels of general education are less likely to accept both farm and non-farm sector jobs in India.…”

Section: Micro-level Factors Determining Farm and Non-farm Employment...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drivers of Rural Non-farm Sector Employment in India, 1983–2019

Pattayat,

Parida

2024

South Asia Economic Journal

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Using the national-level employment and unemployment surveys (NSS and PLFS) and the macro-level data for the period 2005–2019, this article explores the trends and recent growth patterns of rural non-farm sector employment in India. It also examines the micro-level factors determining individuals’ preference towards non-farm sector jobs and the macro-level factors responsible for the growth of non-farm sector employment in rural India. The main findings of the study suggest that although rural non-farm sector employment is rising in absolute terms, its growth rate has slackened in recent years. While the level of education and skill training, market wage rates and socio-cultural setups are among the key micro-level factors determining farm–non-farm employment choices of rural folks, at the macro-level, the growth of investment in capital goods, the number of factories, investment in infrastructure development and the growth of the manufacturing sector are crucial for the growth of non-farm sector jobs in India. Based on these findings, it is argued that the improvement of human capabilities through increased investment in education and skill, and the growth of non-farm sector employment through the development of rural infrastructure and industrialization measures, are necessary to sustain the structural transformation and to harness the demographic dividend in India. JEL Codes: J01, J21, J43, J64

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Section: Econometrics Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Micro-level Factors Determining Farm and Non-farm Employment...supporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Micro-level Factors Determining Farm and Non-farm Employment...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drivers of Rural Non-farm Sector Employment in India, 1983–2019

Pattayat,

Parida

2024

South Asia Economic Journal

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“…One way farmers used to overcome the constraints and imperfections of the credit market is by diversifying their livelihoods into non-farm activities (Oseni and Winters, 2009). The literature indicated that the income source obtained from non-farm activities could help farm households for improving their household income (Ferreira and Lanjouw, 2001;Nnadi et al, 2020;Kumar et al, 2020), smoothing consumption (Seng, 2015;Mishra et al, 2015;Abdurezak and Ahmed, 2020), and reducing poverty (Haggblade et al, 2010;Hoang et al, 2014;Bui and Hoang, 2020). Sometimes, farm income is not sufficient to supply a sufficient livelihood (Minot et al, 2006), which can be a push factor driving rural households to seek opportunities for employment outside farm activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of non-farm activities on agricultural investment in Vietnam: the difference made by credit constraints levels

2021

Stud. Agr. Econ.

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“…The most significant implicit barrier is the socio-economic inequality that affects the labour force's supply in this sector. Studies highlight a lack of general and technical education, age and gender, credit constraints, and stunted social banking, as well as wanting social capital requirements (Jatav and Sen, 2013;Kumar et al, 2020;Drall and Mandal, 2021). Without adequate public investment bridging this demand and supply gap, the nonfarm sector can neither create work opportunities nor absorb the low-skilled workforce shut out from the rural labour market due to falling productivity in agriculture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Keynote Paper -Employment of the Rural Labour Force in India – The Current Trends and Future Prospects

Bedamatta

2021

IJAE

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No other decade since the 1950s has seen such diverse and contradictory estimations on employment patterns in India as the just-ended second decade of the 2000s. The period 2011-2020, thanks to a near absence of official estimates on the employment-unemployment situation, has generated various rhetoric-driven opinions. The country's largest and the most robust Employment-Unemployment Survey (EUS) carried out by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) has been discontinued. The NSS-EUS started in the 1950s and was regularised in quinquennial surveys since 1977-78. 1 Although various other 2 data sources provide information on economic activity status, the NSS-USS was by far the only comprehensive source of data on employment and unemployment using the same concepts and methods of data collection for more than four decades now. Unfortunately, the run ended with the 68th round in 2011-12. With the discontinuation of EUS surveys, we lose the scope of comparability with the past decades. What we have by way of providing direction are the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS, 2017-18) and the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy's Consumer Pyramids Household Survey (or CMIE-CPHS) since 2016.A few scholarly works based on the PLFS 2017-18 and the CMIE-CPHS results show that the decade 2011-2020 may have been a period of massive loss of employment and vigorous transitions of labour in and out of various sectors, particularly in its last stretch due to the COVID-19 induced exogenous shock (Azim

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Rural Non-farm Employment in Eastern India: Implications for Economic Well-being

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Drivers of Rural Non-farm Sector Employment in India, 1983–2019

Drivers of Rural Non-farm Sector Employment in India, 1983–2019

The impact of non-farm activities on agricultural investment in Vietnam: the difference made by credit constraints levels

Keynote Paper -Employment of the Rural Labour Force in India – The Current Trends and Future Prospects

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