Rural livelihood trajectories in the central Brazilian Amazon: Growing inequalities, changing practices, and emerging rural-urban relationships over nearly a decade

Oestreicher, Jordan Sky; Fatorelli, Leandra; Mertens, Frédéric; Lucotte, Marc; Béliveau, Annie; Tremblay, Stéphane; Saint‐Charles, Johanne; Davidson, Robert; Romana, C.

doi:10.1016/j.wdp.2018.09.003

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…During the study period, the Brazilian Amazon became increasingly integrated into the national and global economies. Publicly-funded development and agrarian programs promoted land-use transitions for small-scale farmers as well as private-sector agribusiness and extractivist industries [30], transforming the social and economic lives of rural riverside communities [18,21,31]. There were significant gains in national production and distribution of grains and meats following investments in research, credit and subsidies for the domestic agrifood sector [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With higher per-capita revenue, families are able to buy more varieties of food and consume more food overall [34]. Among study participants, national poverty alleviation programs (Bolsa Familia, Bolsa Pesca) and rural retirement plans implemented in the early 2000s, became important sources of supplementary income, sometimes doubling revenue of poor households [21]. The logging company also began offering jobs in 2004, not only increasing affluence in the community but also bringing an influx of migrant workers and external capital.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study demonstrated that households had access to a diversity of foods, suggesting that families were probably meeting the minimum nutritional requirements for maintaining good health. Since then, political agendas to modernize the national agri-food industry and global demand for commodities such as soy and beef have had a strongerthan-ever effect on local land and food systems, with contentious deforestation and agribusiness expansion continuing to affect the viability of traditional systems based on fishing, hunting, and gathering [21,22]. Changes in community demographics and economic relationships have been triggered by urbanization, changing access to external markets, and the introduction of social programs subsidizing household incomes [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, political agendas to modernize the national agri-food industry and global demand for commodities such as soy and beef have had a strongerthan-ever effect on local land and food systems, with contentious deforestation and agribusiness expansion continuing to affect the viability of traditional systems based on fishing, hunting, and gathering [21,22]. Changes in community demographics and economic relationships have been triggered by urbanization, changing access to external markets, and the introduction of social programs subsidizing household incomes [21,22]. These localized impacts of economic development, linked to globalization and neoliberal policies, thus represent an important potential influence on nutritional status of populations [2,4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rural development and shifts in household dietary practices from 1999 to 2010 in the Tapajós River region, Brazilian Amazon: empirical evidence from dietary surveys

et al. 2020

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Background: Research on changing dietary practices is rare in lower and middle income countries, and understanding the impact of global economic processes on population health and nutrition is important, especially of rural communities. We analyzed the diet of 22 families in Brasília Legal, a riverside community in the Tapajós River region of the Brazilian Amazon, using nonparametric tests to compare dietary surveys taken in 1999 and 2010. Results: Data from the two surveys show that food obtained through commercial supply chains became more frequent in household diets, corresponding to significant increases in daily consumption of food items rich in energy, protein, and sugar. At the same time, there was a decline in traditional Amazonian food intake. Conclusions: Comparing these results with household socioeconomic characteristics and drawing on open-ended interviews, we consider the multiple influences that economic development processes may have had on local diets. The introduction of new income sources and employment opportunities, infrastructural and transportation expansion, as well as environmental change appear to have influenced the observed dietary shifts. Such shifts are likely to have important implications for the nutritional status of communities in the Amazon, highlighting concerning trade-offs between current development trajectories and human health. Public policies and health education programs must urgently consider the interactions between sustainable development priorities in order to address emerging health risks in this rapidly changing region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rural development and shifts in household dietary practices from 1999 to 2010 in the Tapajós River region, Brazilian Amazon: empirical evidence from dietary surveys

et al. 2020

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“…While in several cases smallholders sell agricultural products as goods into the regional and international markets, there are also cases that agricultural products are shared between rural smallholders and their relatives dwelling in urban areas (No. 2-Amazon-açaí) [59,60]. Furthermore, the sending systems of smallholders supplied a range of items, including labor and information, which are not always agricultural products to the market.…”

Section: How Do Smallholders Connect To Other Systems?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding How Smallholders Integrated into Pericoupled and Telecoupled Systems

et al. 2020

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Increasing connections and influences from near to far have changed social structures, access to natural resources, and essential livelihoods of smallholders (i.e., those with incomes generated primarily from natural resources on small rural properties). However, the potential benefits and negative impacts from these connections to smallholders' livelihoods and social-ecological effects remain understudied. In this paper, we applied the frameworks of pericoupling and telecoupling (human-nature interactions between adjacent and distant systems, respectively) to systematically investigate how the flows linking smallholder systems to other systems affect their livelihoods, and causing varying economic, social, and environmental effects from case to case. We synthesized 12 cases of smallholder systems around the world that are linked to adjacent and distant systems through flows of goods, people, resources, and/or information. In each case, we summarized smallholders' agency, i.e., capability on the formation or operation of these flows, and the changes on livelihoods on the economic, social, and environment effects. Results suggest that strong smallholder agency is associated more with positive than negative effects. Smallholders with medium to high agency have greater overall well-being within the area of interest. Smallholders integrated in pericoupled systems often have strong agency. Being spillover systems in an intercoupled system (e.g., large-scale agricultural investments) can often cause negative outcomes unless smallholders have additional pericoupling flows. Our findings suggest one potential approach to ending poverty and increasing well-being for smallholders is creating and increasing pericoupling flows to empower smallholders for desired livelihood and social-ecological outcomes.

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A bibliometric analysis and visualization of global research on rural livelihood

Khan

Ahmad²,

Yuvaraj³

et al. 2023

GKMC

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Purpose This study aims to explore the scientific research progress in the field of “Rural Livelihood” from 1991 to 2022. Design/methodology/approach A total of 2,122 documents were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection using the key terms “Rural Livelihood” OR “Rural Livelihoods” in the “Title-Abstract-Keyword” field. The statistical analysis was performed through VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, Biblioshiney open-source package of R language environment, and MS Office software. Findings The results show that the first research article related to the field of rural livelihood was published in 1991, and the rapid growth in the publications of rural livelihood was observed since 2000, with a positive annual growth rate of 14.87%. Shackleton CM (n = 30 articles) and Belcher B (n = 1235 citations) are the most productive and highly cited authors in the field of rural livelihood, respectively. World Development is the most prolific and dominant journal, followed by Sustainability and Land Use Policy. The citation analysis disclosed that “Capitals and capabilities: a framework for analysing peasant viability, rural livelihoods and poverty” is the most cited research paper published in the field of rural livelihood by Anthony Bebbington. University of Copenhagen, Wageningen University and Rhodes University emerged as the topmost organizations engaged in rural livelihood research. The USA and the UK are the most productive and cited countries in rural livelihood. The keyword analysis revealed that most of the research published in the field of rural livelihood has focussed on rural livelihoods, management, conservation, poverty, strategies, climate change, etc.; however, the least emphasis is given on the subjects like food security, income diversification, biodiversity, deforestation, soil fertility management, bio-economy and environmental intervention. The thematic evolution reflects that the field of rural livelihood has been extensively researched and has undergone many dimensions, such as agriculture, management, conservation, climate change, households, policy and biodiversity. Originality/value The study’s findings provide an insight into global research trends, latest advances, hot issues, leading topics, and the thematic evolution of rural livelihood research over the last 31 years approximately. This study is quite useful to researchers and stakeholders to obtain rigorous bibliographic knowledge on literature related to the topic and work accordingly for R&D activities.

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Rural livelihood trajectories in the central Brazilian Amazon: Growing inequalities, changing practices, and emerging rural-urban relationships over nearly a decade

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Rural development and shifts in household dietary practices from 1999 to 2010 in the Tapajós River region, Brazilian Amazon: empirical evidence from dietary surveys

Rural development and shifts in household dietary practices from 1999 to 2010 in the Tapajós River region, Brazilian Amazon: empirical evidence from dietary surveys

Understanding How Smallholders Integrated into Pericoupled and Telecoupled Systems

A bibliometric analysis and visualization of global research on rural livelihood

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