Rural Livelihood Challenges: Moving out of Agriculture

Pingali, Prabhu; Aiyar, Anaka; Abraham, Mathew; Rahman, Andaleeb

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14409-8_3

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The government should give technical products and ample extension services, and offer subsidies to achieve a considerable breakthrough in the agricultural sector. Pingali, Aiyar, Abraham and Rahman (2019) reported that the rural-urban movement with the growing urbanization has led farmers to slowly desert farming, particularly among the young rural workers. In many nations, the main laborers engaging in agriculture have progressively altered from the young to the old.…”

Section: Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing Journal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural Urban Migration and Food Sustainability in China

2022

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The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas has been common. People move to urban areas to search for green pastures. The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas leaves the rural with fewer people for farm production. Thus, the study sought to examine the effect of rural-urban migration on food sustainability in China. The study adopted the descriptive research design. The collection of the data was done using questionnaires. The purposive sampling technique was employed to get the sample size. The analysis of the data was done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study showed that rural-urban migration has resulted in few people remaining in the rural areas to do farming. Rural-urban migration has a negative impact on food sustainability in China. Migration from rural to city areas reduces the labour force in the agriculture industry and consequently has a negative effect on its economic development and food sustainability. The rural-urban migration threatens food security, through the decrease in farming production. The study noted that factors influencing migration include the presence of better social amenities, the presence of good schools and hospital facilities and refreshments in urban areas. The study concluded that migration from rural areas to urban areas has a negative impact on food sustainability in China. The study recommended that policies should be put in place which see in the lowering of rural-urban movement by raising the per capita income in rural areas through agricultural investment. The government should give technical products and ample extension services, and offer subsidies to achieve a considerable breakthrough in the agricultural sector. Government and non-governmental agencies need to exert more effort to enlighten the masses on the detrimental effect of rural-urban migration on food security.

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Section: Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing Journal...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rural Urban Migration and Food Sustainability in China

2022

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“…For example, ILO (2019) argues that diversification of rural economy in agricultural activities and non-agricultural activities has significant potential to reduce poverty, increase the ability of rural people to cope with the volatility of agricultural commodity prices, strengthen food security and improve the quality of life in rural areas. Pingali et al, (2019) also stressed the importance of the role of economic diversification in bringing positive change to rural areas. In this context, he argues that economic diversification in rural areas can lead to overall productivity increase, drive Community: volume 6, nomor 2, Oktober, 2020 p-ISSN: 2477-5746 e-ISSN: 2502-0544 structural transformation and eradicate poverty.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversification of Rural Economics in Sabah: Patterns and Determinants of Change

Imang

2020

JCPDS

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Economic diversification is fundamental in driving economic growth in rural areas. Encouragement of and stimulus for the economic diversification in the rural areas allow for the generation of opportunities and new economic chains. Apart from that it will assist in the diversification of the sources of income for the rural population. In Malaysia, apart from emphasising on development policies, economic diversification began to take place in rural areas through positive developments in the economic sectors other than rural agriculture such as tourism as well as small and medium industries. The importance of leveraging on the opportunities and available space has created a need to examine the pattern and defining factors of economic diversity that is taking place in rural areas. The discussion in this article pays attention to the diversification of the economy that is taking place in the rural areas in Sabah by selecting the village of Tambatuon as a study area. In addition to the secondary data, the data is also obtained through observations, involvement in the newly created economic activities and interviews with the village heads and members of the Village Community Management Council (MPKK). The results of the study confirm that economic diversification in rural areas is in place. Most of the new economic activities exist based on the initiative of the villagers who receive support from the Government and non-governmental organisations. Nevertheless, the study also shows that the ongoing economic diversification process is still limited to the horizontal level. Hence, there is considerable potential for economic diversification that can be further expanded to enhance the competitiveness of the rural population in general. In this context, rural residents should be creative by using available local resources from the surroundings to broaden the process of economic diversification. Assistance and external support, especially from the Government, is significant in providing an environment that can stimulate economic growth to ensure that the process of diversifying the economy continues to flourish and becomes sustainable.

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“…Over the years, people living in the forest and savannah communities across Africa rely on the natural environment for their livelihoods: with food crop production, livestock and agro-processing being dominant sources. Beyond the rural areas, traditional livelihoods are more diversi ed, extending from non-farm activities to a wide range of services (Pingali et. Al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Considerations of Alternative Livelihoods for Women in Cocoa and Shea Communities in Ghana

Duorinaah,

Achanso,

Muntaka

2024

Preprint

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Women in cocoa and shea communities have traditionally relied on the extraction of environmental resources for their livelihoods. Due to climatic, economic and social variabilities however, the traditional sources are no longer able to sustain their households and as a result, women are gradually up taking some alternative livelihood sources particularly during offseason. This study explored the effect of such alternative livelihood sources in the cocoa and shea communities on the physical environment. A case study design was employed for the study. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were the main means for obtaining the requisite data from 131 respondents; 88.7% of whom were women drawn from ten communities in three regions in five geographic districts in Ghana. The study revealed that about eighteen alternative livelihood sources pursued by women were key in providing the needs of most households and their effect on the physical environment was negligible. The exceptions were vegetable cultivation, guinea fowl rearing and dawadawa processing in some communities which recorded appreciable negative effect largely due to poor management practices. The study recommended that, to improve and sustain the quality of the environment, there was the need for proper waste disposal practices and the enforcement of policies and laws that prohibit the use of pesticides and other harmful chemicals used in the alternative livelihood activities.

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Rural Livelihood Challenges: Moving out of Agriculture

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Rural Urban Migration and Food Sustainability in China

Rural Urban Migration and Food Sustainability in China

Diversification of Rural Economics in Sabah: Patterns and Determinants of Change

Environmental Considerations of Alternative Livelihoods for Women in Cocoa and Shea Communities in Ghana

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