Ruptured Cryptogenic Mycotic Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Salmonella enteritidis

Kordzadeh, Ali; Rhodes, K. M.; Hanif, M.; Scott, H. William; Panayiotopoulos, Y.P.

doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2012.08.016

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Salmonella nontyphoidal strains have a special predilection to infect vascular tissue. [200][201][202][203] The mechanism for this is poorly understood. The presumed portal of entry is the gastrointestinal tract.…”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustained Salmonella nontyphoidal bacteremia in a patient with abdominal aortic aneurysm is highly suggestive of arteritis or MA. [200][201][202][203] Sustained Salmonella nontyphoidal bacteremia can cause distal site infection, including vertebral osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, hepatic abscess, or other infection, but these distal infections are usually the result of Salmonella endovascular infection, not the cause of the endovascular infection. In addition to positive blood cultures, stool cultures can also be positive for nontyphoidal Salmonella.…”

Section: Laboratory Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 25% of patients aged ≥50 years with Salmonella species bacteremia have an endovascular focus of infection. [200][201][202][203] Other gram-negative bacilli can also cause aortic MA. Arizona species, especially A hinshawii, cause gastroenteritis and other infectious diseases similar to those of Salmonella species and can infect the abdominal aorta, especially in elderly diabetic men with a history of cigarette smoking and atherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease.…”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…125,190,[197][198][199] Previously, gram-negative bacilli, especially nontyphoidal Salmonella, were more common than staphylococci, but now they account for at least 30% to 40% of cases. 125,[200][201][202] Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella choleraesuis, and other nontyphoidal strains are more common causes of abdominal aortic MA in Asia. Salmonella nontyphoidal strains have a special predilection to infect vascular tissue.…”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Vascular Graft Infections, Mycotic Aneurysms, and Endovascular Infections: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Wilson¹,

Bower²,

Creager³

et al. 2016

Circulation

338

307

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The use of synthetic material for reconstructive vascular surgery was first reported during the early 1950s. Infection involving vascular graft prostheses is an infrequent but devastating complication of reconstructive vascular graft surgery and is associated with a high morbidity and, in some situations, mortality. Improvements in surgical techniques and graft design, including the use of native venous or arterial tissue, have reduced the frequency of infection and severity of complications from vascular graft infection (VGI). However, these advances have also led to more frequent vascular graft procedures occurring in a patient population with multiple underlying comorbidities that would have previously disqualified them as candidates for vascular reconstructive surgery. Underlying comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus or immune compromise, increase the risk of infection and serious infection-related complications. The major complications of VGI include sepsis, amputation, disruption of infected anastomotic suture line with rupture or pseudoaneurysm formation, embolization of infected thrombi, reinfection of reconstructed vascular grafts, enteric fistulae to the small or large bowel, bacteremic spread of infection to other sites, and death. VGIs can be categorized broadly into those that occur in an extracavitary location, primarily in the groin or lower extremities, or in an intracavitary location, primarily within the abdomen or less commonly within the thorax. frequencyThe frequency of VGI depends on the anatomic location of the graft. The infection rate is 1.5% to 2% for most extracavitary grafts and as high as 6% with vascular grafts in the groin. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] For intracavitary grafts, the infection rate is ≈1% to 5%. 1-6 Graft infection is most common after emergency procedures and after reoperation. [1][2][3][4]10 Aortic graft erosion or fistulous communication into the duodenum or other areas of the bowel reportedly occurs in 1% to 2% of patients after aortic reconstruction. 11,12 MicrobiologyThe microbiological cause of VGI has evolved over the years. 1 In early published studies, Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant microorganism recovered. 1,13 Improvements in surgical technique, administration of prophylactic antistaphylococcal antimicrobial therapy, and other factors have resulted in a changing microbiological epidemiology. Vascular graft surgery performed on patients with multiple underlying comorbidities and the increased frequency of emergency procedures have contributed to the changing spectrum of infection. Other factors such as changes in hospital flora, surgery in patients with complicated vascular anatomy, and multiple revisions of previous vascular surgery have resulted in a more diverse microbio- clInIcal stateMents anD GuIDelInes logical spectrum of infection, which includes multidrugresistant strains, polymicrobial infection, and Candida species. Gram-positive cocci accounts for at least two thirds of VGIs. 1,13 Infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococ...

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Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Vascular Graft Infections, Mycotic Aneurysms, and Endovascular Infections: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Wilson¹,

Bower²,

Creager³

et al. 2016

Circulation

338

307

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The cryptogenic development of MA is the result of viable circulatory organism that lodges in the arterial endothelium with no identifiable primary or secondary source [ 7 ]. The current literature suggests that abnormal intima can serve as a nidus for development of infection resulting in a cumulative endothelial injury, necrosis and formation of aneurysms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptogenic mycotic aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery

et al. 2015

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Visceral artery aneurysms as a result of arterial degenerative disease are rare (0.1–2%), and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) accounts for 3.2% of all reported series. However, mycotic SMA aneurysms (SMAAs) are even rarer, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of cryptogenic mycotic aneurysm of SMA by Enterococcus faecalis (EF). We report a case of 77-year-old man with 6-week history of supra pubic/left iliac fossa pain, weight loss and fever. The computed tomography demonstrated an incidental finding of 4.4 × 3-cm SMAA with no primary foci. The subsequent serology and specimen confirmed EF. Aneurysmectomy without bypass grafting along with antimicrobial therapy resulted in full recovery of the patient.

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Treatment of Ruptured Infected Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Caused by Salmonella spp.: A Case Report

et al. 2021

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Despite significant advances in diagnostic methods, sepsis is still a current medical problem, and its complications contribute to increased mortality among different age groups. The article presents the case of a 71-year-old man who developed an inflammatory aneurysm of the abdominal aorta in the course of sepsis of Salmonella spp. etiology, followed by its rupture. The case confirms that we must not forget about rare, especially unusual complications, which may depend on the type of microorganism. Properly quick diagnosis allowed for the implementation of appropriate treatment and survival of the patient.

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Ruptured Cryptogenic Mycotic Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Salmonella enteritidis

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Vascular Graft Infections, Mycotic Aneurysms, and Endovascular Infections: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Vascular Graft Infections, Mycotic Aneurysms, and Endovascular Infections: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Cryptogenic mycotic aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery

Treatment of Ruptured Infected Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Caused by Salmonella spp.: A Case Report

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