Rupture process of the March 3, 1985 Chilean earthquake

Christensen, D.; Ruff, Larry J.

doi:10.1029/gl013i008p00721

Cited by 53 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…This region had been identified as a seismic gap based on the occurrence of prior large earthquakes in 1943, 1880, and 1730(KELLEHER 1972NISHENKO 1985;BECK et al 1998). The region just to the south (32°S to 34.5°S) ruptured most recently in the 9 July 1971 [M S 7.9, M W 7.8, (ISC-GEM)] and 3 March 1985 [M S 7.8, M W 7.9 (CMT)] Valparaíso earthquakes as well as previously in the great 17 August 1906 (M S 8.4) earthquake (e.g., COMTE et al 1986;CHRISTENSEN and RUFF 1986). The region to the north (26°S to 30.25°S) ruptured in the great 11 November 1922 M S 8.3 earthquake (e.g., BECK et al 1998) (actual rupture is likely to be offshore, as large tsunami was produced, so the ISC-GEM location in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapidly Estimated Seismic Source Parameters for the 16 September 2015 Illapel, Chile M w 8.3 Earthquake

Lay

Kanamori

et al. 2015

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapidly Estimated Seismic Source Parameters for the 16 September 2015 Illapel, Chile M w 8.3 Earthquake

Lay

Kanamori

et al. 2015

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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“…Hwang et al 2001Hwang et al , 2011Chang et al 2010;Hwang 2014). Under the assumption that the rupture process is uniform and has a constant rupture velocity, the increasing travel time depends on the source duration and is half the source duration (e.g., Ben-Menahem 1961;Hwang 2014 Furumoto and Nakanishi 1983;Christensen and Ruff 1986;Melgar et al 2016;Yin et al 2016). Circles denote the aftershocks of the 2010 Chile earthquake.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, surface waves can also provide evidence for further understanding of the rupture features of large earthquakes (cf. Ben-Menahem 1961;Christensen and Ruff 1986;Zhang and Kanamori 1988;Velasco et al 1994;Hwang et al 2001;Ammon et al 2006). In this study, Rayleigh-wave travel-time delays, caused by the source finiteness of the 2010 Chile earthquake, were used to estimate the fault parameters through rupture directivity analysis (e.g., Velasco et al 1994;Hwang et al 2001Hwang et al , 2011Ammon et al 2006;Chang et al 2010;Hwang 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rupture features of the 2010 Mw 8.8 Chile earthquake extracted from surface waves

Huang

Hwang

Jhuang

et al. 2017

Earth Planets Space

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This study used the rupture directivity theory to derive the fault parameters of the 2010 Mw 8.8 Chile earthquake on the basis of the azimuth-dependent source duration obtained from the Rayleigh-wave phase velocity. Results revealed that the 2010 Chile earthquake featured asymmetric bilateral faulting. The two rupture directions were N171°E (northward) and N17°E (southward), with rupture lengths of approximately 313 and 118 km, respectively, and were related to the locking degree in the source region. The entire source duration was approximately 187 s. After excluding the rise time from the source duration, the northward rupture velocity was approximately 2.02 km/s, faster than the southward rupture velocity (1.74 km/s). On average, the rupture velocity derived from this study was slower than that estimated from finite-fault inversion; however, several historical earthquakes in the Chile region also showed slow rupture velocity when using low-frequency signals, as surface waves do. Two earlier studies through globalpositioning-system data analysis showed that the static stress drop of 50-70 bars for the 2010 Chile earthquake was higher than that for subduction-zone earthquakes. Hence, a remarkable feature was that the 2010 Chile earthquake had a slow rupture velocity and a high static stress drop, which suggested an inverse relationship between rupture velocity and static stress drop.

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“…1), and to the north overlapped with the Valparaíso earthquakes of 1906 (M w 8.6; Gutenberg y Richter, 1954;Comte et al, 1986;Fig. 1) and 1985 (M w 7.8;Christensen and Ruff, 1986;Monfret and Romanowicz, 1986;Choy and Dewey, 1988;Barrientos, 1988;Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), and the destructive 1939 Chillán earthquake which has been interpreted as a deeper intra-plate event (Campos and Kausel, 1990;Beck et al, 1998). Thus, the Maule earthquake of February 1835, 1906, 1928, 1960 and 1985 are also shown (Lomnitz, 1971;Beck et al, 1998;Plafker and Savage, 1970;Cifuentes, 1989;Gutenberg and Richter, 1954;Comte et al, 1986;Christensen and Ruff, 1986;Monfret and Romanowicz, 1986;Choy and Dewey 1988;Barrientos, 1988). Tectonic plates convergence vector according Ruegg et al (2009). 27, 2010 ruptured an area which included a segment previously identified as a seismic gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levantamiento cosismico e impacto del tsunami a lo largo de la costa de Chile central asociado al terremoto del Maule Mw8,8 de 2010.

Vargas¹,

Farías²,

Carretier³

et al. 2011

Andgeo

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ABSTrACT. On February 27, 2010 at 03:34:08 AM an Mw8.8 earthquake, with epicenter located off Cobquecura (73.24°W; 36.29°S), severely hit Central Chile. The tsunami waves that followed this event affected the coastal regions between the cities of Valparaíso and Valdivia, with minor effects as far as Coquimbo. The earthquake occurred along the subduction of the Nazca oceanic plate beneath the South American plate. Coseismic coastal uplift was estimated through observations of bleached lithothamnioids crustose coralline algae, which were exposed after the mainshock between 34.13°S and 38.34°S, suggesting the latitudinal distribution of the earthquake rupture. The measured coastal uplift values varied between 240±20 cm at sites closer to the trench along the western coast of the Arauco peninsula and 15±10 cm at sites located farther east. A maximum value of 260±50 cm was observed at the western coast of Santa María Island, which is similar to the reported uplift associated with the 1835 earthquake at Concepción. Land subsidence values on the order of 0.5 m to 1 m evidenced a change in polarity and position of the coseismic hinge at 110-120 km from the trench. In four sites along the coast we observed a close match between coastal uplift values deduced from bleached lithothamnioids algae and GPS measurements. According to field observations tsunami heights reached ca. 14 m in the coastal area of the Maule Region immediately north of the epicenter, and diminished progressively northwards to 4-2 m near Valparaíso. Along the coast of Cobquecura, tsunami height values were inferior to 2-4 m. More variable tsunami heights of 6-8 m were measured at Dichato-Talcahuano and Tirúa-Puerto Saavedra, in the Biobío and Arauco regions, respectively, to the south of the epicenter. According to eyewitnesses, the tsunami reached the coast between 12 to 20 and 30 to 45 minutes in areas located closer and faraway from the earthquake rupture zone, respectively. Destructive tsunami waves arrived also between 2.5 and 4.5 hours after the mainshock, especially along the coast of the Biobío and Arauco regions. The tsunami effects were highly variable along the coast, as a result of geomorphological and bathymetric local conditions, besides potential complexities induced by the main shock. ; 36,29°S), afectó severamente la zona centrosur de Chile. Posteriormente un tsunami afectó las costas comprendidas entre las regiones de Valdivia y Valparaíso, con efectos menores en la costa de Coquimbo. El terremoto ocurrió a lo largo de la subducción de la placa tectónica de Nazca bajo la placa Sudamericana. Se estimó el levantamiento cosísmico de la costa a partir de observaciones de la franja de algas coralina lithothamnioideas, expuesta como producto del terremoto. Evidencias de deformación vertical se observaron entre los 34,13°S y 38,34°S, sugiriendo la extensión latitudinal de la ruptura sísmica del evento principal. El levantamiento costero observado varió entre 240±20 cm, en la costa occidental de la península de Arauco, ubicada relativamente má...

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Rupture process of the March 3, 1985 Chilean earthquake

Cited by 53 publications

References 8 publications

Rapidly Estimated Seismic Source Parameters for the 16 September 2015 Illapel, Chile M w 8.3 Earthquake

Rapidly Estimated Seismic Source Parameters for the 16 September 2015 Illapel, Chile M w 8.3 Earthquake

Rupture features of the 2010 Mw 8.8 Chile earthquake extracted from surface waves

Levantamiento cosismico e impacto del tsunami a lo largo de la costa de Chile central asociado al terremoto del Maule Mw8,8 de 2010.

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