Rupture process models of the Yangbi and Maduo earthquakes that struck the eastern Tibetan Plateau in May 2021

Wang, Weimin; He, Jun; Wang, Xun; Zhou, Yun; Hao, Jinlai; Zhao, Lan; Yao, Zhen‐Xing

doi:10.1016/j.scib.2021.11.009

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Observations of potential supershear rupture speeds, as reported by Q. Li, Wan, et al (2022), W. Wang, He, et al (2022), Yue et al (2022), and X. Zhang, Feng, et al (2022), would support the suggestion that this is indeed a well-developed, structurally-mature fault, with fairly low slip-to-length ratio of the rupture (α = 5-10 × 10 −5 ) (e.g., Manighetti et al, 2007).…”

Section: Low Slip Rate Faults In "Block" Interiorssupporting

confidence: 55%

Earthquake Cycle Deformation Associated With the 2021 M_W 7.4 Maduo (Eastern Tibet) Earthquake: An Intrablock Rupture Event on a Slow‐Slipping Fault From Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Teleseismic Data

Fang

Wright

et al. 2022

JGR Solid Earth

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It has been recognized that the continents do not deform like the oceans and continental deformation represents a significant departure from the kinematic rules of plate tectonics (England & McKenzie, 1982;Tapponnier & Molnar, 1976). However, the kinematics and dynamics of continental tectonics are still unclear. Despite decades of study, large continental earthquakes continue to surprise us, for example, by occurring in unexpected locations (e.g., the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, Ross et al., 2019), or exhibiting remarkable complexity (e.g., the 2016 M W 7.8 Kaikoura earthquake, Hamling et al., 2017). On 21 May 2021, a strong (M W ∼ 7.4) earthquake (referred to here as the Maduo earthquake) hit Maduo County in eastern Tibetan Plateau, rupturing a fault away from the main crustal block boundaries hypothesized for this region. We measure and model the coseismic,

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Section: Low Slip Rate Faults In "Block" Interiorssupporting

confidence: 55%

Earthquake Cycle Deformation Associated With the 2021 M_W 7.4 Maduo (Eastern Tibet) Earthquake: An Intrablock Rupture Event on a Slow‐Slipping Fault From Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Teleseismic Data

Fang

Wright

et al. 2022

JGR Solid Earth

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“…The measurements are consistent with the finite fault analysis by Chen et al (2022) and the BP study by , which found that the rupture speed for the east fault was in the range of 2.72-3.67 km/s and was between 1.39-3.17 km/s on the western fault. In contrast, several source studies reported a fast rupture propagation to the east, with the rupture speed varying from 3.8 km/s to 4.6 km/s (Zhang et al, 2022;Yue et al, 2022;Lyu et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022c).…”

Section: Rupture Velocity Definitions Used In the Literaturementioning

confidence: 98%

“…According to our SEBP analysis and FFI results, the average rupture speeds of both ESE and WNW branches are sub-shear, approximately 73% and 81% of the local shear wave speed, respectively. However, some FFI and BP studies found super-shear propagation speeds on the east rupture (Zhang et al, 2022;Yue et al, 2022;Lyu et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022c). Table S2 summarizes the eastward rupture speeds reported by these studies.…”

Section: Super-shear Possibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have investigated the kinematic rupture history of the Maduo earthquake using back-projection, as well as geodetic and seismic finite fault inversion methods (e.g., Jin & Fialko, 2021;Chen et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022b;Zhang et al, 2022;Liu et al, 2022;Yue et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022c;Lyu et al, 2022). The mutually consistent features of these models suggest the earthquake broke a 150-to 170-km-long fault with a peak slip between 4-6 m on the fault patch to the east of its epicenter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Rupture Kinematics and Slip Model of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo Earthquake: a Bilateral Event on Bifurcating Faults

Zhang

Chen³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We image the rupture process of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo, Tibet earthquake using slowness-enhanced back-projection and joint finite fault inversion, which combines teleseismic broadband body waves, long-period (166-333 s) seismic waves, and 3D ground displacements from radar satellites. The results reveal a left-lateral strike-slip rupture, propagating bilaterally on a 160-km-long north-dipping sub-vertical fault system that bifurcates near its east end. About 80% of the total seismic moment occurs on the asperities shallower than 10 km, with a peak slip of 5.7 m. To simultaneously match the observed long-period seismic waves and static displacements, notable deep slip is required, despite a tradeoff with the rigidity of the shallow crust. This coseismic deep slip within the ductile middle crust could result from strain localization and dynamic weakening. Local crustal structure and synthetic long-period Earth response for Tibet earthquakes thus deserve further investigation. The WNW branch ruptures ~75 km at ~2.7 km/s, while the ESE branch ruptures ~85 km at ~3 km/s, though super-shear rupture propagation possibly occurs during the ESE propagation from 12 s to 20 s. Synthetic back-projection tests confirm overall sub-shear rupture speeds and reveal a previously undocumented limitation caused by the signal interference between two bilateral branches. The stress analysis on the forks of the fault demonstrates that the pre-compression inclination, rupture speed, and branching angle could explain the branching behavior on the eastern fork.

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“…e largest aftershock was the Ms5.2 earthquake at 22 : 31 on May 21, 2021, with the epicentre at 25.59 N and 99.97 °E) and a focal depth of 8 km [1]. e seismogenic fault of this earthquake was a NWtrending secondary fault on the west side of the Weixi-Qiaohou fault, which is dominated by dextral strike-slip motion [2,3]. On May 25, the Yunnan Provincial Seismological Bureau issued the intensity map of the Ms6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐Frequency Characteristics of Ground Motion and Seismic Response Analysis of Typical Structures in the Yangbi Earthquake in Yunnan Province

Xu¹,

Chai

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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The ground motion records obtained by the CDSMON during the Ms6.4 earthquake in Yangbi, Yunnan Province, on May 21, 2021, were subjected to routine processing such as baseline correction and filtering. The nonstationary time-frequency characteristics of ground motion signals were analysed by the wavelet transform, and the acceleration response spectrum characteristics of typical stations under different epicentral distances, magnitudes, and site conditions were analysed. Finite element software was used to establish a model to analyse the seismic response of a typical three-span continuous beam bridge. The maximum peak ground acceleration (PGA) of this earthquake (720.29 gal) was obtained from 53YBX in the NS direction at the epicentral distance of 8.6 km. The energy at station 53YBX was mainly concentrated in 0–15 Hz range, and the low-frequency component energy caused great damage to buildings with natural frequencies in this frequency band. The Sa value near the origin of the earthquake is relatively large, as the distance from the epicentre increases, the predominant period of Sa also gradually increases, and the high-frequency component diminishes. With the increase in earthquake magnitude, the Sa peak increased, and the long-period component became more obvious. The soil station had more obvious long-period components than the bedrock station, which is consistent with the amplification result of the response spectrum of overburden thickness to surface acceleration. The earthquake had little influence on the pier displacement of the three-span continuous beam bridge with a fundamental period of 0.77 s but had a great influence on the bending moment at the bottom of the piers.

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Rupture process models of the Yangbi and Maduo earthquakes that struck the eastern Tibetan Plateau in May 2021

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Earthquake Cycle Deformation Associated With the 2021 M_W 7.4 Maduo (Eastern Tibet) Earthquake: An Intrablock Rupture Event on a Slow‐Slipping Fault From Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Teleseismic Data

Earthquake Cycle Deformation Associated With the 2021 M_W 7.4 Maduo (Eastern Tibet) Earthquake: An Intrablock Rupture Event on a Slow‐Slipping Fault From Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Teleseismic Data

Understanding the Rupture Kinematics and Slip Model of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo Earthquake: a Bilateral Event on Bifurcating Faults

Time‐Frequency Characteristics of Ground Motion and Seismic Response Analysis of Typical Structures in the Yangbi Earthquake in Yunnan Province

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Rupture process models of the Yangbi and Maduo earthquakes that struck the eastern Tibetan Plateau in May 2021

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Earthquake Cycle Deformation Associated With the 2021 MW 7.4 Maduo (Eastern Tibet) Earthquake: An Intrablock Rupture Event on a Slow‐Slipping Fault From Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Teleseismic Data

Earthquake Cycle Deformation Associated With the 2021 MW 7.4 Maduo (Eastern Tibet) Earthquake: An Intrablock Rupture Event on a Slow‐Slipping Fault From Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Teleseismic Data

Understanding the Rupture Kinematics and Slip Model of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo Earthquake: a Bilateral Event on Bifurcating Faults

Time‐Frequency Characteristics of Ground Motion and Seismic Response Analysis of Typical Structures in the Yangbi Earthquake in Yunnan Province

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Earthquake Cycle Deformation Associated With the 2021 M_W 7.4 Maduo (Eastern Tibet) Earthquake: An Intrablock Rupture Event on a Slow‐Slipping Fault From Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Teleseismic Data

Earthquake Cycle Deformation Associated With the 2021 M_W 7.4 Maduo (Eastern Tibet) Earthquake: An Intrablock Rupture Event on a Slow‐Slipping Fault From Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Teleseismic Data