Runx2 modified dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) enhance new bone formation during rapid distraction osteogenesis (DO)

Retracted: The Role of MicroRNA‐143‐5p in the Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Odontoblasts by Targeting Runx2 via the OPG/RANKL Signaling Pathway

“…Yan et al [2015] reported that heterozygous mutations of Runx2, could cause cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD). Runx2 encodes a nuclear protein that acts as a pivotal regulator of osteoblast differentiation to stimulate calcium accumulation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in DPSCs [Amir et al, 2007;Feng et al, 2016]. In addition, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) are necessary and effective inhibitors of osteoclast differentiation, viability and survival [Ferrari-Lacraz and Ferrari, 2011].…”

The use of human dental pulp stem cells for in vivo bone tissue engineering: A systematic review

“…Among these studies, one used rats and created the bone defect in the anterior part of the maxilla, 58 one used rat and created the defect in the left side of mandible, 62 one used rabbits and created the defect between the first premolar and the mental foramen, 45 one used mini pigs to create the defects in the mesial region of the maxilla and mandibular first molars, 52 one used mini pigs and created the defect in front of the mandibular angle, 53 and one used dogs and created the defect on each side of the inferior mandibular border. 65 Furthermore, one study evaluated the potential of hDPSCs for bone tissue engineering in rabbits tibia submitted to distraction osteogenesis 68 and one study investigated the osteogenic potential of hDPSCs in an ovine model of induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. 31 Finally, the therapeutic potential of SHED intravenously administered for the treatment of osteoporosis was assessed in three studies conducted in a mice model of the disease.…”

“…It is important to note that while most studies evaluated the potential of hDPSCs to produce ectopic bone when implanted subcutaneously or intraperitoneally, 18 – 24 , 26 – 28 , 30 , 32 – 34 , 36 – 39 , 43 , 47 , 50 , 54 , 57 , 63 , 66 , 70 , 71 the majority of the recent in vivo studies published applied hDPSCs to repair local bone defects. 17 , 25 , 29 , 31 , 35 , 40 – 42 , 44 – 46 , 48 , 49 , 51 – 53 , 55 , 56 , 58 – 62 , 63 , 65 , 68 , 69 , 72 In...…”

“…In 11 manuscripts, scaffolds were not used to deliver hDPSC to the defect site 18 – 20 , 22 , 31 , 45 , 62 – 64 , 67 , 68 for bone tissue engineering applications. Among them, five studies transplanted the woven bone produced by hDPSCs in rats 18 – 20 , 22 , 62 (subcutaneously 18 – 20 , 22 and to bone defects sites 62 ) and, in three studies, undifferentiated hDPSCs were directly injected to the defect site in sheep 31 and rabbits.…”

“…Among them, five studies transplanted the woven bone produced by hDPSCs in rats 18 – 20 , 22 , 62 (subcutaneously 18 – 20 , 22 and to bone defects sites 62 ) and, in three studies, undifferentiated hDPSCs were directly injected to the defect site in sheep 31 and rabbits. 45 , 68 Finally, in three studies, SHED were intravenously injected in mice for the treatment of osteoporosis. 63 , 64 , 67 The use of these different types of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering purposes in the articles reviewed is graphically represented in Figure 5 .…”