Runoff simulation using distributed hydrological modeling approach, remote sensing and GIS techniques: A case study from an Indian agricultural watershed

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Distributed hydrological modeling has the capability of simulating distributed watershed basin processes, by dividing a heterogeneous and complex land surface divided into computational elements such as Hydrologic Response Units (HRU), grid cell or sub watersheds. The present study was taken up to simulate spatial hydrological processes from a case study area of Kansavati watershed in Purulia district of West Bengal, India having diverse geographical features using distributed hydrological modelling approach. In the present study, overland flow in terms of direct runoff from storm rainfall was computed using USDA Soil Conservation Services (SCS) curve number technique and subsequently it served as input to channel routing model. For channel flow routing, Muskingum-Cunge flood routing technique was used, specifically to route surface runoff from the different sub watershed outlet points to the outlet point of the watershed. Model parameters were derived for each grid cell either from remote sensing data or conventional maps under GIS environment. For distributed approach, validation show reasonable fit between the simulated and measured data and CMR value in all the cases is negative and ranges from -0.1 to -0.3. Further, this study investigates the effect of cell size on runoff simulation for different grid cell sizes of 23, 46, 92, 184, 368, 736, 1472 m resolution. The difference between simulated and observed runoff values increases with the increase of grid size beyond 184 m more prominently. Further, this model can be used to evaluate futuristic water availability scenarios for an agricultural watershed in eastern India.

Application of Geospatial Techniques and the MCDM Method to Optimize Interlinking of Rivers in India

“…Geospatial modelling coupled with the MCDM method using appropriate hydrological inputs and ground data is an effective tool for the study of various ILR projects ( Chigbu & Onukaogu, 2013 ; Chowdary et al, 2012 ; Sheffield et al, 2018 ; Vemu & Udayabhaskar, 2010 ). The MCDM method is useful to arrive at the optimal decision in various applications such as environment, water resources management, and engineering services since it uses several criteria to manage complex problems (Gebre et al, 2021 ; Kulimushi et al, 2021 ; Mardani et al, 2015 ; Muluneh et al, 2022 ).…”

Estimation of Surface Runoff Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

“…7. Validation of PET Runoff prediction is a major component of watershed hydrologic modelling whether for resource conservation or environmental protection [11]. Results show that the monthly simulation of average runoff generated using rainfall was satisfactory because means of observed and predicted runoff were similar at the 95% level of confidence.…”

Geospatial Modelling Approach for Interlinking of Rivers: A Case Study of Vamsadhara and Nagavali River Systems in Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh

“…But in the recent years, geospatial technology, GIS and its tools play a vital role in providing accurate solutions for environmental issues (Shahabi et al 2006). GIS coupled with hydrological models also plays a key role in obtaining accurate results for the desired objectives (Chowdary et al 2012). GIS techniques like overlay analysis, decision support systems and object oriented models have been proposed for the interlinking of rivers.…”