Runoff of Deicing Salt: Effect on Irondequoit Bay, Rochester, New York

Bubeck, Robert C.; Diment, W.H.; Deck, B.; Baldwin, Alton L.; Lipton, Stewart D.

doi:10.1126/science.172.3988.1128

Cited by 71 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For municipal wastewater during cold winter periods also salt peaks from di-icing road salts might influence the settling rate. The concentrations of salts in runoff water can be up to 4 g chloride per litre (Bubeck et al, 1971) and can lead in extreme cases to floatation and washout of the sludge since the diffusion of salt into the granule can take up to 30 min ( Fig. 4A and B).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Temperature and salt effects on settling velocity in granular sludge technology

et al. 2012

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Settling velocity is a crucial parameter in granular sludge technology. In this study the effects of temperature and salt concentrations on settling velocities of granular sludge particles were evaluated. A two-fold slower settling velocity for the same granules was observed when the temperature of water decreases from 40 °C to 5 °C. Settling velocities also decreased with increasing salt concentrations. Experiments showed that when granules were not pre-incubated in a solution with increased salt concentration, they initially floated. The time dependent increase in mass and hence in settling speed of a granule due to salt diffusion into the granule was dependent on the granule diameter. The time needed for full salt equilibrium with the bulk liquid took 1 min for small particles from the top of the sludge bed and up to 30 min for big granules from the bottom of the sludge bed. These results suggest that temperature and salt concentration are important parameters to consider in the design, start-up and operation of granular sludge reactors and monitoring of these parameters will aid in a better control of the sludge management in anaerobic and aerobic granular sludge technology. The observations also give an explanation for previous reports which were suggesting that a start-up of granular sludge reactors is more difficult at low temperatures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Temperature and salt effects on settling velocity in granular sludge technology

et al. 2012

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“…The salts are easily washed downstream, buE upon enLering lakes or bays, their effects can be much longer lasting. Bubeck, et al (1971), and Diment, et al (1973), exarnined the effects of de-icing salt runoff on a bay in Rochester, New York, and found that the chloride concentratioo had increased five-fold during Ehe previous 20 years. A buildup of dense saline layers in the bay prevented complete verEical nixing in the spring and, as a result, the lower layers of water were wichout oxygen for nany monEhs.…”

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confidence: 94%

Factors Influencing the Behaviour of De-Icing Salts in an Urban Flood Control Reservoir

Scott¹

1983

Canadian Water Resources Journal

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FLOOD CONTROL RESERVOIR Dy william s. scotrl ABSTMCT: Water samples collecEed from a newly constructed reservoir and irs watershed during a complete salting season indicated the presence of high concenErations of chloride and sodiun in the bottom eraters of fhe reservoir at the beginning of thaw periods. This effect occurred despite Ehe fact that water flowing out of the reservoir is normally drawn from very near the bottom. The salf-laden bottom waters lrere evenEually drained from the reservoir as Ehe tharr periods continued, or afrer freezing temperatures returned. Elevated salt levels returned, however, at the beginning of each successive thaw period.

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“…During the past decade, a number of studies have been conducted on the effects of these loadings upon aquatic habitats (Judd, 1970;Bubeck et al, 1971;Dickman & Gochnauer, 1978;Hoffman et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of increased salinity on the diatom assemblage in Fonda Lake, Michigan

1984

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A salt storage facility has been located adjacent to Fonda Lake since 1953. In February 1981 a core was taken from the profundal sediments of the lake and analyzed to determine the effects of salt perturbation on the diatom community over a 32-year period. Diatom assemblages from different levels were compared using multivariate techniques including cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Shifts in diatom composition related to salinification were revealed most clearly by subdominant taxa. Five distinct groups of diatom taxa were found to correspond with 5 depth intervals. The diatom component of the lake up to 1960 included two groups of taxa which were alkaliphilous and chloride indifferent. A reduction in species diversity beginning in 1960 may indicate a salt effect. By 1968, when diversity reached a minimum, a variety of halophilic taxa (including Diatoma tenue, Navicula gregaria and Synedrafasciculata) attained their highest relative abundances. At the top of the core, diversity increased slightly and some halophilic taxa decreased in relative abundance, which suggests a possible decrease in salt loading to the lake.

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Runoff of Deicing Salt: Effect on Irondequoit Bay, Rochester, New York

Cited by 71 publications

References 2 publications

Temperature and salt effects on settling velocity in granular sludge technology

Temperature and salt effects on settling velocity in granular sludge technology

Factors Influencing the Behaviour of De-Icing Salts in an Urban Flood Control Reservoir

Effects of increased salinity on the diatom assemblage in Fonda Lake, Michigan

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