Runoff Characteristics and Observation Methods of Pesticides and Nutrients in Rural Rivers

Ebise, Senichi; Inoue, Takanobu; Numabe, Akihiro

doi:10.2166/wst.1993.0463

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…1) While herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides contribute to high cultivation yields, high-quality products, and e ective farm management, 2) a number of studies in Japan have revealed high concentrations of paddy herbicides in drainage canals, [3][4][5][6][7] rivers, [8][9][10][11][12][13] and lakes. 14,15) Because pesticides are generally composed of synthetic chemicals that are not present in nature, there is concern about their potential impact on the environment and human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of percolation flow on herbicide loss from rice paddies

et al. 2012

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e fate and transport of pretilachlor, one of the most widely used rice-paddy herbicides in Japan, were monitored in a rice paddy plot for 28 days a er its application in the ve study years. e e ect of the percolation rate on herbicide loss was investigated.e concentration of pretilachlor in the paddy water was at its highest level within 2 days of application. e maximum concentration in percolated water was lower, and it was reached 1 or 2 days later than that in the paddy water. Almost all the pretilachlor loss was caused by percolation. e pretilachlor loss, as estimated from the amount that was applied and the cumulative percolation loss, ranged from 7.4 to 16.3%. In the ve study years, the average percolation rate for the 7 days following application ranged from 11.5 to 29.3 mm/day. e pretilachlor loss increased proportionally with the percolation rate for 7 days following application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of percolation flow on herbicide loss from rice paddies

et al. 2012

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“…In Japan, a number of pesticides have been detected in river and lake systems especially in the period shortly after herbicide application in the fields. [1][2][3][4][5] The impact of pesticides in surface water on fish, algae and aquatic plants has been reported. 6,7) Therefore, public concern about the low-dose, longterm effect of these pesticides on aquatic flora as well as human health is increasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability of ELISA in pesticide monitoring to control runoff of bensulfuron-methyl and simetryn from paddy fields

Watanabe

Nguyen²,

Komany

et al. 2006

J. Pestic. Sci.

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The applicability of ELISA kits was evaluated as an alternative to monitor bensulfuron-methyl and simetryn behavior in paddy water under intermittent (Plot 1) and continuous (Plot 2) irrigation schemes. Simetryn concentrations in both plots decreased exponentially from the peak of the first day. However, the simetryn kit systematically underestimated by a factor of 0.79 as compared to the GC method. Bensulfuron-methyl concentrations exhibited similar dissipation kinetics in paddy water and the drainage water. The bensulfuron-methyl kit was capable of distinguishing spatial variations of concentrations in the paddy field. The ELISA kits clearly indicated differences in the loss of both herbicides between the two plots and therefore may be useful for evaluating the water management practice of pesticide runoff control in paddy fields.

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“…Propanil continues to be widely applied in rice cultivation throughout many countries because of its high efficacy against weeds during the late growth stages and its high crop selectivity (Ferrero and Vidotto, 2010). In Italy, it was introduced in 1960 and used until 2010 when it was excluded from Annex I of Directive 91/414/EEC and together with its main metabolite, 3,4 dichloroaniline (3,4 DCA), deemed a threat to groundwaters (Albanis et al, 1998; Ebise et al, 1993; Guzzella et al, 2006; Marchesan et al, 2007; Nagafuchi et al, 1994; Nakamura, 1993; Raviola et al, 2010; Terrando and Balsotti, 2009; Ueji and Inao, 2001).…”

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Dissipation of Propanil and 3,4 Dichloroaniline in Three Different Rice Management Systems

et al. 2012

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This study focused on the dissipation of propanil and 3,4 dichloroaniline (3,4 DCA) over time in the soil, field water, inlet water, and outlet water of paddy fields under three management systems: conventional water seeding (CON), conventional water seeding with supplied liquid manure (LMA), and dry seeding (DRY). Propanil dissipation in water was also investigated under laboratory conditions. The field study was conducted from 2004 to 2006 at Vercelli, northern Italy. Propanil and 3,4 DCA showed rapid dissipation in water and soil environments both in the field and in the laboratory. Under controlled conditions, chemical hydrolysis was not detected for either compounds for up to 100 d at pHs of 5, 7, and 9. In the laboratory, the half-life of propanil in irrigation water was 1.1 d; its half-life in soil was routinely measured at <1.0 d (between 0.17 and 1.77 d). 3,4 DCA was found to persist much longer. Measured in all three study years at 50 d after treatment, its concentration ranged between 44 μg kg (CON) and 140 μg kg (DRY). Propanil and 3,4 DCA concentrations in paddy water were particularly high in samples collected at 4 d (2004) and 2 d (2005) after treatment. Maximum concentrations were 54.4 μg L (CON) for propanil (2005) and 113.7 μg L (LMA) for 3,4 DCA (2004). The concentrations of propanil and 3,4 DCA in inlet water were never above 1.1 and 0.3 μg L, respectively, whereas the highest concentration of each compound in outlet water was in samples collected first after treatment in 2005 and 2006. Both chemicals dissipated rapidly in all the soil-water environments but displayed no important differences among the three management systems. In conclusion, propanil and 3,4 DCA did not persist longer in paddy fields. A risk of water network contamination by these compounds may occur only early after herbicide spraying. A water-holding period after herbicide spraying may reduce this risk.

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Runoff Characteristics and Observation Methods of Pesticides and Nutrients in Rural Rivers

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of percolation flow on herbicide loss from rice paddies

Effect of percolation flow on herbicide loss from rice paddies

Applicability of ELISA in pesticide monitoring to control runoff of bensulfuron-methyl and simetryn from paddy fields

Dissipation of Propanil and 3,4 Dichloroaniline in Three Different Rice Management Systems

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