Runoff and soil loss characteristics on loess slopes covered with aeolian sand layers of different thicknesses under simulated rainfall

Zhang, Fengbao; Bai, Yunpeng; Xie, Lingling; Yang, Mingyi; Li, Z.B.; Wu, Xihui

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.04.002

Cited by 45 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As shown in regression Equations (14) and (15), the result of multiple regression analysis was similar to the experimental result in loess hilly regions [49].…”

Section: The Relationship Between Rainfall Losses and Forestland Percsupporting

confidence: 67%

An Investigation into Sub-Basin Rainfall Losses in Different Underlying Surface Conditions Using HEC-HMS: A Case Study of a Loess Hilly Region in Gedong Basin in the Western Shanxi Province of China

Ren

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:Basins located in loess hilly-gully regions often suffer flood disasters during the flood season. Meanwhile, the underlying surface of the region can increase the rainfall losses, thereby reducing the flood volume. Therefore, the prediction of rainfall losses on the underlying surface is necessary for scientifically and reasonably forecasting the flood volume. The relationship between the rainfall losses and underlying characteristics was investigated and a method for predicting the rainfall losses using HEC-HMS was presented in this paper with a case study in the Gedong basin, a typical loess hilly region of western Shanxi Province in northern China. Results showed that HEC-HMS could be applied to loess hilly-gully regions. The loss computation results suggested that the losses of sub-basins varied with the density of rainfall. The analysis of influences of rainfall losses, including forestland percentage and slope, indicated that the former had a positive impact, while the latter had a negative influence. The impact of forestland percentage is larger than that of slope. Furthermore, with the increase of forestland percentage, its correlation with rainfall losses was enhanced, and the correlation coefficient ranged between 0.64 and 0.84 from the 1970s to the 2010s.

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“…As shown in regression Equations (14) and (15), the result of multiple regression analysis was similar to the experimental result in loess hilly regions [49].…”

Section: The Relationship Between Rainfall Losses and Forestland Percsupporting

confidence: 67%

An Investigation into Sub-Basin Rainfall Losses in Different Underlying Surface Conditions Using HEC-HMS: A Case Study of a Loess Hilly Region in Gedong Basin in the Western Shanxi Province of China

Ren

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2017

Water

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“…The Loess Plateau of China is located in the middle reach of the Yellow River ( Figure 1a) and it is one of the most soil-eroded regions in the world [28,29]. Grasslands are widely distributed in the Loess Plateau, accounting for approximately 40% of the total area [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration of Rural Residents to Urban Areas Drives Grassland Vegetation Increase in China’s Loess Plateau

et al. 2019

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Human activities are critical factors influencing ecosystem sustainability. However, knowledge on regarding the mechanisms underlying the response of vegetation dynamics to human activities remains limited. To detect the driving factors and their individual contribution to the grassland vegetation dynamics in China’s Loess Plateau, a structural equation model (SEM) and a principal component regression model were built. The SEM showed that population change and urbanization, temperature and humidity, and agriculture and economy accounted for 62.5%, 31.2%, and 7.7%, respectively, of the overall impact directly affecting grassland vegetation dynamics. Furthermore, the principal component regression model demonstrated that the effects of the urbanization rate on the grassland above-ground biomass exceeded those of the other factors. The agriculture population had the maximum negative effect on grassland area. The higher the urbanization rate means the higher the number of residents migrates from rural to urban areas. Following this argument, the disturbances of human activities to grassland vegetation were expected to gradually decrease in rural areas, where the vast majority of the Loess Plateau is located. The migration of rural residents to urban areas promoted the increase in biomass and areas of grassland vegetation. Our findings suggest that the effect of urbanization should be considered when assessing vegetation change.

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“…Fox and Wilson (2010) indicated that sand layer coverage changes the generation mode of runoff and sediments. Some other studies also demonstrated that the runoff coefficient can be greater than 1.0 for sand-covered slopes during runoff and sediment generation (Martínez-Murillo et al, 2013;Zhao et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2017a). With increasing amount of sand cover, the time period before runoff and sediment generation increased, demonstrating that sand-covered areas at low elevations can intercept runoff and sediments generated from slopes and that sand layers can provide storage and release of runoff and eroded sediments (Ng et al, 2015).…”

Section: Influences Of Sand Cover Pattern On Erosion Processes Of Loementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The increments of eroded sediments for SS-13.0-1.0-1.5, SS-13.0-0.5-1.5, SS-13.0-1.5-1.5, SS-6.6-1.0-1.5, and SS-13.0-1.0-2.0 were all larger than the corresponding amounts of sand cover, demonstrating that sand cover not only provided additional eroded sediments for loess slopes but also exacerbated the erosion of loess slopes to a certain extent. There are also some other studies demonstrated that the sand layer on the loess slopes could significantly influence the processes and mechanisms of runoff and sediment generation (Xu et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2017a). The sand cover on loess slopes may destroy the stability of the water flow, further aggravating soil erosion of loess slopes (Zhang et al, 2017b).…”

Section: Influences Of Sand Cover Amount On Erosion Processes Of Loesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of sand cover on erosion processes of loess slopes based on rainfall simulation experiments

Zhang

et al. 2018

J. Arid Land

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Aeolian-fluvial interplay erosion regions are subject to intense soil erosion and are of particular concern in loess areas of northwestern China. Understanding the composition, distribution, and transport processes of eroded sediments in these regions is of considerable scientific significance for controlling soil erosion. In this study, based on laboratory rainfall simulation experiments, we analyzed rainfall-induced erosion processes on sand-covered loess slopes (SS) with different sand cover patterns (including length and thickness) and uncovered loess slopes (LS) to investigate the influences of sand cover on erosion processes of loess slopes in case regions of aeolian-fluvial erosion. The grain-size curves of eroded sediments were fitted using the Weibull function. Compositions of eroded sediments under different sand cover patterns and rainfall intensities were analyzed to explore sediment transport modes of SS. The influences of sand cover amount and pattern on erosion processes of loess slopes were also discussed. The results show that sand cover on loess slopes influences the proportion of loess erosion and that the compositions of eroded sediments vary between SS and LS. Sand cover on loess slopes transforms silt erosion into sand erosion by reducing splash erosion and changing the rainfall-induced erosion processes. The percentage of eroded sand from SS in the early stage of runoff and sediment generation is always higher than that in the late stage. Sand cover on loess slopes aggravates loess erosion, not only by adding sand as additional eroded sediments but also by increasing the amount of eroded loess, compared with the loess slopes without sand cover. The influence of sand cover pattern on runoff yield and the amount of eroded sediments is larger than that of sand cover amount. Furthermore, given the same sand cover pattern, a thicker sand cover could increase sand erosion while a thinner sand cover could aggravate loess erosion. This difference explains the existence of intense erosion on slopes that are thinly covered with sand in regions where aeolian erosion and fluvial erosion interact.

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Runoff and soil loss characteristics on loess slopes covered with aeolian sand layers of different thicknesses under simulated rainfall

Cited by 45 publications

References 41 publications

An Investigation into Sub-Basin Rainfall Losses in Different Underlying Surface Conditions Using HEC-HMS: A Case Study of a Loess Hilly Region in Gedong Basin in the Western Shanxi Province of China

An Investigation into Sub-Basin Rainfall Losses in Different Underlying Surface Conditions Using HEC-HMS: A Case Study of a Loess Hilly Region in Gedong Basin in the Western Shanxi Province of China

Migration of Rural Residents to Urban Areas Drives Grassland Vegetation Increase in China’s Loess Plateau

Influences of sand cover on erosion processes of loess slopes based on rainfall simulation experiments

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