Running-related injury prevention through innate impact-moderating behavior

Robbins, Steven; Gouw, Gerard J.; Hanna, Adel

doi:10.1249/00005768-198904000-00004

Cited by 73 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For the particular subject shown in Figure 3, the maximum force at pain was 87 N. This value compares well with the 6 percent of sample that reported pain at a load of 88 N obtained by Robbins et al [40] with a 10 mm spherical end on a penetrometer. The mean value for all subjects over the 3 days and three trials was 108 N when pain set in.…”

Section: Indentation Of Foot Tissuesupporting

confidence: 86%

An indentation apparatus for evaluating discomfort and pain thresholds in conjunction with mechanical properties of foot tissue in vivo

Xiong

Goonetilleke²,

Witana³

et al. 2010

JRRD

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Abstract-The mechanical properties of human foot tissue in vivo as well as discomfort and pain thresholds are important for various applications. In this study, an apparatus for measuring the discomfort and pain thresholds and the mechanical properties of human tissues is presented. The apparatus employs a stepper motor that controls the indentation speed, as well as a load cell and potentiometer that determine the corresponding reaction force and tissue deformation (displacement), respectively. A LabVIEW program (LabVIEW 8, National Instruments Corporation; Austin, Texas) was developed to control the indentation via a data acquisition card. The apparatus can accommodate indentor displacements up to 35 mm and can impart forces up to 150 N at a controlled indentation speed in the range of 0 to 10 mm/s. Tests showed that the displacement measurement error is 0.17 mm in the nominal range (0.5% in the full scale) and the measurement error of force is 1.6 N in the nominal range (1.1% in the full scale). Experimental results indicate that the apparatus is reliable and flexible for measuring the mechanical properties of foot tissue in vivo in conjunction with pain and discomfort thresholds.

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Section: Indentation Of Foot Tissuesupporting

confidence: 86%

An indentation apparatus for evaluating discomfort and pain thresholds in conjunction with mechanical properties of foot tissue in vivo

Xiong

Goonetilleke²,

Witana³

et al. 2010

JRRD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These changes occurred without any prior familiarity with barefoot running, and over a relatively short time course of six minutes, suggesting that plantar-sensory feedback from the bare sole might be an important mediator of the running technique adopted at a fixedsubmaximal speed. This lends support to the plantar-sensory feedback hypothesis [2]. Our design could not quantify the time course of such gait change.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…From a series of studies, Robbins and colleagues [2][3][4][5] proposed a plantar-sensory mediated protective behaviour hypothesis that could be applied to barefoot locomotion. The hypothesis suggested a sensory-feedback loop where the sensation of vertical and horizontal loading triggers impact-avoidance reflexes in the legs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New View of Responses to First-Time Barefoot Running

Wilkinson

Caplan

Akenhead

et al. 2015

Int J Sports Exerc Med

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“…This in turn allows the foot arch to work properly, fully flexing along three arches(transverse, lateral, medial), facilitating braking force and initiating forward movement as the tendons, ligaments, and muscles of the arch flex back into shape (Robbins, Gouw & Hanna, 1989;Robbins & Hanna, 1987).…”

Section: ⅳ Conclusion and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Shoe Type on Ground Reaction Force

Yi¹

2011

Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of both various shoe types and bare feet on ground reaction force while walking. Ten first-year female university students were selected. A force platform(Kistler, Germany) was used to measure ground reaction force. Six types of shoe were tested: flip flops, canvas shoes, running shoes, elevated forefoot walking shoes, elevated midfoot walking shoes, and five-toed shoes. The control group was barefooted. Only vertical passive/active ground reaction force variables were analyzed. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SAS 9.1.2 package, specifically ANOVA, and Tukey for the post hoc. The five-toed shoe had the highest maximum passive force value; while the running shoe had the lowest. The first active loading rate for running shoes was the highest; meanwhile, bare feet, the five-toed shoe, and the elevated fore foot walking shoe was the lowest. Although barefoot movement or movement in five toed shoes increases impact, it also allows for full movement of the foot. This in turn allows the foot arch to work properly, fully flexing along three arches(transverse, lateral, medial), facilitating braking force and initiating forward movement as the tendons, ligaments, and muscles of the arch flex back into shape. In contrast movement in padded shoes have a tendency to pound their feet into the ground. This pounding action can result in greater foot instability, which would account for the higher loading rates for the first active peak for padded shoes. Nowadays, new shoes have been developed for the purpose of correcting posture, increasing energy expenditure, and reducing pain and discomfort for both daily life and exercise (Yi, 2005).Most of these shoes focus on the location of the heel, for example, elevating the rear foot(as with normal running shoes), the middle foot, or the forefoot.Unfortunately, an informal poll of local university students revealed that foot health was not a very important factor when selecting shoes. The following factors(in order of importance) were considered when selecting shoes: 1. Style(shape and color) 2.Comfort 3. Shock absorption 4. Weight 5. Durability, etc.

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Running-related injury prevention through innate impact-moderating behavior

Cited by 73 publications

References 6 publications

An indentation apparatus for evaluating discomfort and pain thresholds in conjunction with mechanical properties of foot tissue in vivo

An indentation apparatus for evaluating discomfort and pain thresholds in conjunction with mechanical properties of foot tissue in vivo

A New View of Responses to First-Time Barefoot Running

The Effects of Shoe Type on Ground Reaction Force

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