Running into Fatigue: The Effects of Footwear on Kinematics, Kinetics, and Energetics

Sanno, Maximilian; Epro, Gaspar; Brüggemann, Gert–Peter; Willwacher, Steffen

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002576

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Tools to collect and store data on large scales while using user feedback to label the occurrence of running-related pain or injuries might allow further insight by considering not only single data collection sessions but, in principle, the entire training history of an individual (e.g., changes associated with fatigue) [100][101][102]. Further running mechanics and training characteristics might be considered in their interaction with other individual or lifestyle-related factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Running-Related Biomechanical Risk Factors for Overuse Injuries in Distance Runners: A Systematic Review Considering Injury Specificity and the Potentials for Future Research

et al. 2022

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Background Running overuse injuries (ROIs) occur within a complex, partly injury-specific interplay between training loads and extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors. Biomechanical risk factors (BRFs) are related to the individual running style. While BRFs have been reviewed regarding general ROI risk, no systematic review has addressed BRFs for specific ROIs using a standardized methodology. Objective To identify and evaluate the evidence for the most relevant BRFs for ROIs determined during running and to suggest future research directions. Design Systematic review considering prospective and retrospective studies. (PROSPERO_ID: 236,832). Data Sources PubMed. Connected Papers. The search was performed in February 2021. Eligibility Criteria English language. Studies on participants whose primary sport is running addressing the risk for the seven most common ROIs and at least one kinematic, kinetic (including pressure measurements), or electromyographic BRF. A BRF needed to be identified in at least one prospective or two independent retrospective studies. BRFs needed to be determined during running. Results Sixty-six articles fulfilled our eligibility criteria. Levels of evidence for specific ROIs ranged from conflicting to moderate evidence. Running populations and methods applied varied considerably between studies. While some BRFs appeared for several ROIs, most BRFs were specific for a particular ROI. Most BRFs derived from lower-extremity joint kinematics and kinetics were located in the frontal and transverse planes of motion. Further, plantar pressure, vertical ground reaction force loading rate and free moment-related parameters were identified as kinetic BRFs. Conclusion This study offers a comprehensive overview of BRFs for the most common ROIs, which might serve as a starting point to develop ROI-specific risk profiles of individual runners. We identified limited evidence for most ROI-specific risk factors, highlighting the need for performing further high-quality studies in the future. However, consensus on data collection standards (including the quantification of workload and stress tolerance variables and the reporting of injuries) is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Running-Related Biomechanical Risk Factors for Overuse Injuries in Distance Runners: A Systematic Review Considering Injury Specificity and the Potentials for Future Research

et al. 2022

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“…All model calculations were performed using a custom-made Matlab script (R2021a, The Mathworks, Natick, USA). Details of these calculations can be found in previous publications ( 19 – 21 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unanticipated fake-and-cut maneuvers do not increase knee abduction moments in sport-specific tasks: Implication for ACL injury prevention and risk screening

Mai

Bill

Glöckler

et al. 2022

Front. Sports Act. Living

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Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries typically occur during cutting maneuvers and are associated with high peak knee abduction moments (KAM) within early stance. To screen athletes for injury risk or quantify the efficacy of prevention programs, it may be necessary to design tasks that mimic game situations. Thus, this study compared KAMs and ranking consistency of female handball players in three sport-specific fake-and-cut tasks of increasing complexity. The biomechanics of female handball players (n = 51, mean ± SD: 66.9 ± 7.8 kg, 1.74 ± 0.06 m, 19.2 ± 3.4 years) were recorded with a 3D motion capture system and force plates during three standardized fake-and-cut tasks. Task 1 was designed as a simple pre-planned cut, task 2 included catching a ball before a pre-planned cut in front of a static defender, and task 3 was designed as an unanticipated cut with three dynamic defenders involved. Inverse dynamics were used to calculate peak KAM within the first 100 ms of stance. KAM was decomposed into the frontal plane knee joint moment arm and resultant ground reaction force. RANOVAs (α ≤ 0.05) were used to reveal differences in the KAM magnitudes, moment arm, and resultant ground reaction force for the three tasks. Spearman's rank correlations were calculated to test the ranking consistency of the athletes' KAMs. There was a significant task main effect on KAM (p = 0.02; ηp2 = 0.13). The KAM in the two complex tasks was significantly higher (task 2: 1.73 Nm/kg; task 3: 1.64 Nm/kg) than the KAM in the simplest task (task 1: 1.52 Nm/kg). The ranking of the peak KAM was consistent regardless of the task complexity. Comparing tasks 1 and 2, an increase in KAM resulted from an increased frontal plane moment arm. Comparing tasks 1 and 3, higher KAM in task 3 resulted from an interplay between both moment arm and the resultant ground reaction force. In contrast to previous studies, unanticipated cutting maneuvers did not produce the highest KAMs. These findings indicate that the players have developed an automated sport-specific cutting technique that is utilized in both pre-planned and unanticipated fake-and-cut tasks.

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“…The differences between footwear models with different degrees of minimalism might be more appreciable in the negative work performed [11]. This is derived due to the reduced peak dorsiflexion observed when using maximal models [30].…”

Section: Meters]mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Using Marathon Shoes or Track Spikes on Neuromuscular Fatigue caused by a Long-distance Track Training Session

et al. 2022

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This study aims to compare the effect of the Nike ZoomX Dragonfly track spikes and the Nike ZoomX Vaporfly Next % 2 marathon shoes on the fatigue manifestations present over and after a long-distance track training session. Thirteen highly trained athletes completed two training sessions (i.e., 9- and 3-minutes time trials with complete recovery) with the aforementioned footwear models. The pace, ground contact time, and stride length were measured over the time trials and maximal countermovement jumps were performed previously and after the training session. The results revealed that, although there was no significant interaction in the pace distribution (p ≥ 0.072), athletes tend to be only able to increase the pace at the last lap with the marathon shoes (5.4 meters [-3.7 to 14.5 meters]) meanwhile with the track spikes it further decreased (-3.1 meters [-9.8 to 3.6 meters]). A reduced ground contact time over the session (p = 0.025) and a tendency toward increasing stride length (p = 0.09) in the last time trial were observed. The significant interaction on the countermovement jump height (p = 0.023; Track spikes: -5.60 %; Marathon shoes: 0.61 %) also indicates that footwear influences the resulted allostatic load.

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Running into Fatigue: The Effects of Footwear on Kinematics, Kinetics, and Energetics

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Running-Related Biomechanical Risk Factors for Overuse Injuries in Distance Runners: A Systematic Review Considering Injury Specificity and the Potentials for Future Research

Running-Related Biomechanical Risk Factors for Overuse Injuries in Distance Runners: A Systematic Review Considering Injury Specificity and the Potentials for Future Research

Unanticipated fake-and-cut maneuvers do not increase knee abduction moments in sport-specific tasks: Implication for ACL injury prevention and risk screening

The Effect of Using Marathon Shoes or Track Spikes on Neuromuscular Fatigue caused by a Long-distance Track Training Session

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