Runaway limits for homogeneous and catalytic reactors

Bifurcation analysis of thermally coupled homogeneous–heterogeneous combustion

“…The same analogy applies for the case of catalytic reaction only in both the kinetic and mass transfer controlled regimes, see for example [23]). Further, when residence time is the bifurcation variable, as shown in by Balakotaiah et al [39], the spatial profiles of the distributed model can be inferred from that of the lumped model. Thus, in this section, we analyze the bifurcation behavior briefly using the residence time as a bifurcation variable.…”

Ignition analysis of wall-flow monolith diesel particulate filters

“…Such a critical inlet gas temperature can be obtained from the ignition criteria for the DPF. Extensive studies exist in the literature on the derivation of ignition criteria for packed-beds and catalytic converters [5][6][7][8]. However, a derivation of the ignition criteria for the DPF has not been reported.…”

Runaway limits for adiabatic packed‐bed catalytic reactors

“…For the case of a first-order reaction, this criterion requires that the parameter B ( = E/RT,* (ATud/T0)) should be smaller than about 4 for the adiabatic reactor. A detailed analysis of this first runaway criterion for many cooled reactors has been presented by Balakotaiah et al (1995). It should be pointed out that in many practical situations in which either the adiabatic temperature (AT,,) rise or the activation energy is large, this criterion cannot be satisfied unless the reaction mixture is diluted (e.g., by lowering the partial pressure of the key reactant).…”

“…Mathematically speaking, this first criterion is derived by requiring that the bifurcation diagram of temperature vs. residence time has no ignition (or inflection) points. The calculation of this runaway boundary can be done once a model is written and the kinetics are known (Moribidelli andVarma, 1986, 1987;Balakotaiah et al, 1995). For the case of a first-order reaction, this criterion requires that the parameter B ( = E/RT,* (ATud/T0)) should be smaller than about 4 for the adiabatic reactor.…”