Run-off formation in a humid, temperate headwater catchment using a combined hydrological, hydrochemical and isotopic approach (Jizera Mountains, Czech Republic)

Šanda, Martin; Vitvar, Tomáš; Kulasova, Alena; Jankovec, Jakub; Cı́slerová, Milena

doi:10.1002/hyp.9847

Cited by 51 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Thus, the percentage of the "new water" in the catchment discharge is greater during the later stages of the runoff event, on the falling limb of the hydrograph. This behavior was identified during the majority of rainfall-runoff episodes observed at Uhlirska (for example 18 out of 20 episodes studied by Sanda et al, 2014) and thus, can be assumed characteristic. The implied reason for this behavior is, paradoxically, that the pre-event water reaction to the rainfall event is faster than the direct runoff of new water.…”

Section: Event Water Contribution To Direct Runoffmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The geochemical composition of subsurface hillslope discharges observed in the trench at Uhlirska (Sanda et al, 2014) reveals an opposite behavior, i.e. decreasing contribution of the event water during the runoff episode (slow activation of pre-event water).…”

Section: Direct Runoff Formation Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Previously, based on observed seasonal isotopic variations in precipitation, discharge, and groundwater, Sanda et al (2014) evaluated residence times of water in the Uhlirska catchment. Their approach (based on the methodology of Maloszewski and Zuber, 1996) relied on crude simplification of the runoff processes, considering the exponential distribution of residence times and invariable input of water in time (constant precipitation intensity with variable isotopic composition).…”

Section: Residence Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stable isotopes and SiO 2 content in the outflow from the hillslope transect and streamflow at Uhlirska were analyzed for a set of 20 rainfall-runoff events by Sanda et al (2014). The results indicate that the rising limb of the outflow hydrograph at the hillslope trench scale is dominated by event water via fast preferential flow while at the catchment scale the rise of the stream discharge is dominated by pre-event water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results indicate that the rising limb of the outflow hydrograph at the hillslope trench scale is dominated by event water via fast preferential flow while at the catchment scale the rise of the stream discharge is dominated by pre-event water. The general concept of runoff formation presented by Sanda et al (2014) includes the rainwater recharging the hillslope groundwater which subsequently contributes to the groundwater in the granitic sediments below Histosols in a riparian wetland. Alternatively, the subsurface runoff from the shallow hillslope soil is conducted in both man-made and natural surface channels to the stream.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Episodic runoff generation at Central European headwater catchments studied using water isotope concentration signals

Votrubová

Dohnal

Vogel

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Hydrological monitoring in small headwater catchments provides the basis for examining complex interrelating hydraulic processes that govern the runoff generation. Contributions of different subsurface runoff mechanisms to the catchment discharge formation at two small forested headwater catchments are studied with the help of their natural isotopic signatures. The Uhlirska catchment (Jizera Mts., Czech Republic) is situated in headwater area of the Lusatian Neisse River. The catchment includes wetlands at the valley bottom developed over deluviofluvial granitic sediments surrounded by gentle hillslopes with shallow soils underlain by weathered granite. The Liz catchment (Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic) is situated in headwater area of the Otava River. It belongs to hillslope-type catchments with narrow riparian zones. The soil at Liz is developed on biotite paragneiss bedrock. The basic comparison of hydrological time series reveals that the event-related stream discharge variations at the Uhlirska catchment are bigger and significantly more frequent than at Liz. The analysis of isotope concentration data revealed different behavior of the two catchments during the major rainfall-runoff events. At Uhlirska, the percentage of the direct runoff formed by the event water reaches its maximum on the falling limb of the hydrograph. At Liz, the event water related fraction of the direct outflow is maximal on the rising limb of the hydrograph and then lowers. The hydraulic functioning of the Uhlirska catchment is determined by communication between hillslope and riparian zone compartments.

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Section: Event Water Contribution To Direct Runoffmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Direct Runoff Formation Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Residence Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Episodic runoff generation at Central European headwater catchments studied using water isotope concentration signals

Votrubová

Dohnal

Vogel

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Quantifying Water Pollution Sources in a Small Tile‐drained Agricultural Watershed

Fučík

Hejduk

Peterková

2014

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Research ArticleQuantifying Water Pollution Sources in a Small Tile-drained Agricultural Watershed This paper evaluates the quantity and quality dynamics of surface and drainage waters in a small, 7.1 km 2 agricultural watershed, located in the crystalline complex of the Czech Republic. Concentrations and monthly solute loads of amonium nitrogen (NH 4 -N), nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 -N), phosphate phosphorus (PO 4 -P) and total phosphorus (P tot ) from ten watershed's subcatchments with different soil, land use and tile drainage characteristics were compared for the period March-October from 2009 to 2011. The results and relevant processes were described using regular monitoring as well as event-based sampling approaches, methods of runoff separation and regression techniques. The average baseflow comprised 35-50%, whereas interflow and overland flow were 50-65% of the total runoff. The highest concentrations of NO 3 -N were detected in waters originating from cultivated and tiled subcatchments; those of NH 4 -N, PO 4 -P and P tot came from subcatchments containing settlements and water ponds. In the monitored sites within the watershed, non-point pollution sources produced on average 23% of NH 4 -N, approximately 45% of NO 3 -N, 24% of PO 4 -P and about 26% of P tot of total monthly solute loads. The differences in the share of monitored subcatchments in the total load from non-point pollution sources varied from month to month and were caused mainlybymiscellaneous hydrologicalconditionsand naturalaswellasman-alteredrunoff characteristics. The obtained results confirmed that used methods count for a useful approach for discerning water pollution sources and their dynamics in small, tile drained watersheds.

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Towards more systematic perceptual model development: a case study using 3 Luxembourgish catchments

Wrede

Fenicia

Martínez‐Carreras³

et al. 2014

Hydrological Processes

103

186

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Abstract:The synthesis of experimental understanding of catchment behaviour and its translation into qualitative perceptual models is an important objective of hydrological sciences. We explore this challenge by examining the cumulative understanding of the hydrology of three experimental catchments and how it evolves through the application of different investigation techniques. The case study considers the Huewelerbach, Weierbach and Wollefsbach headwater catchments of the Attert basin in Luxembourg. Subsurface investigations including bore holes and pits, analysis of soil samples and Electrical Resistivity Tomography measurements are presented and discussed. Streamflow and tracer data are used to gain further insights into the streamflow dynamics of the catchments, using end-member mixing analysis and hydrograph separation based on dissolved silica and electrical conductivity. We show that the streamflow generating processes in all three catchments are controlled primarily by the subsolum and underlying bedrock. In the Huewelerbach, the permeable sandstone formation supports a stable groundwater component with little seasonality, which reaches the stream through a series of sources at the contact zone with the impermeable marls formation. In the Weierbach, the schist formation is relatively impermeable and supports a 'fill and spill'-type of flow mechanism; during wet conditions, it produces a delayed response dominated by pre-event water. In the Wollefsbach, the impermeable marls formation is responsible for a saturation-excess runoff generating process, producing a fast and highly seasonal response dominated by event water. The distinct streamflow generating processes of the three catchments are represented qualitatively using perceptual models. The perceptual models are in turn translated into quantitative conceptual models, which simulate the hydrological processes using networks of connected reservoirs and transfer functions. More generally, the paper illustrates the evolution of perceptual models based on experimental fieldwork data, the translation of perceptual models into conceptual models and the value of different types of data for processes understanding and model representation.

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Run-off formation in a humid, temperate headwater catchment using a combined hydrological, hydrochemical and isotopic approach (Jizera Mountains, Czech Republic)

Cited by 51 publications

References 55 publications

Episodic runoff generation at Central European headwater catchments studied using water isotope concentration signals

Episodic runoff generation at Central European headwater catchments studied using water isotope concentration signals

Quantifying Water Pollution Sources in a Small Tile‐drained Agricultural Watershed

Towards more systematic perceptual model development: a case study using 3 Luxembourgish catchments

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