Rumination, distraction, and mindful self-focus in depressed patients

Huffziger, Silke; Kuehner, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.12.005

Cited by 137 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…There is evidence for all three routes in the development of depression. Firstly, altered HPA-axis activity and altered cortisol response has been found to be associated with increased risk for developing depression (Burke et al 2005;Cowen 2010;Harkness et al 2011;Luby et al 2004) and altering cognitive processes (El Hage et al 2009;Erickson et al 2003;Huffziger and Kuehner 2009). Furthermore, an interaction between a serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and stress in the development of depression has been repeatedly reported with a recent meta-analysis of 54 studies showing strong evidence that 5-HTTLPR moderates the relationship between stress and depression, with the 5-HTTLPR s allele associated with an increased risk of developing depression under stress (P = .00002) (Karg et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Victimization in Childhood and Internalizing Problems in Adolescence: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Zwierzynska

Wolke

Lereya

2012

J Abnorm Child Psychol

234

169

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Traumatic childhood experiences have been found to predict later internalizing problems. This prospective longitudinal study investigated whether repeated and intentional harm doing by peers (peer victimization) in childhood predicts internalizing symptoms in early adolescence. 3692 children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), as well as their mothers and teachers, reported on bullying in childhood (7-10 years) and internalizing problems in early adolescence (11-14 years). Controlling for prior psychopathology, family adversity, gender and IQ, being a victim of bullying was associated with higher overall scores, as well as increased odds of scoring in the severe range (>90 th percentile) for emotional and depression symptoms. Victims were also more likely to show persistent depression symptoms over a 2-year period. These associations were found independent of whether mothers, teachers or the children reported on bullying. It is concluded that peer victimization in childhood is a precursor of both short-lived and persistent internalizing symptoms, underlining the importance of environmental factors such as peer relationships in the etiology of internalizing problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Victimization in Childhood and Internalizing Problems in Adolescence: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Zwierzynska

Wolke

Lereya

2012

J Abnorm Child Psychol

234

169

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“…The concept of mindful "decentering" describes the degree to which the meditator is able to differentiate the contents of awareness, including negatively valenced thoughts, from awareness itself (i.e., "bare awareness"), not unlike the distinction between figure and ground, respectively, as studied in perceptual psychology (e.g., Lambie and Marcel 2002). In a state of mindful decentering, participants tend to be less subjectively distressed by negative stimuli or experimental mood inductions, especially those prone to anxiety and/or depression (e.g., Craske 2006, 2010;Broderick 2005;Erisman and Roemer 2010;Huffziger and Kuehner 2009;Singer and Dobson 2007;Vujanovic et al 2007). The subjective state of mindful decentering has been measured immediately post-meditation practice in a number of recent studies via the Toronto Mindfulness Scale (TMS; e.g., "I experienced myself as separate from my changing thoughts and feelings," "I was aware of my thoughts and feelings without over-identifying with them"; Lau et al 2006); this approach thus emphasizes measurement of the subjective, experiential aspects of response to meditation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Assessment of Response to Mindfulness Meditation: Meditation Breath Attention Scores in Association with Subjective Measures of State and Trait Mindfulness and Difficulty Letting Go of Depressive Cognition

et al. 2011

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How best to operationalize the mindfulness construct requires further research. In two related studies, we examined undergraduates' self-reported ability to maintain their attention toward the process of their breathing during 10-and 15-min practices of mindful breath meditation, referred to as "Meditation Breath Attention Scores" (MBAS). MBAS were positively correlated with self-reported interest in and awareness of the breath during both 10-and 15-min meditations and negatively correlated with self-reported difficulties maintaining attention toward breathing (i.e., mind wandering) during the 15-min meditation. MBAS were not positively correlated with the Toronto Mindfulness Scale (TMS) measures of mindful "decentering" and "curiosity." In study 2 but not study 1, MBAS were positively correlated with the five-factor mindfulness trait "Acting with Awareness." Secondary analyses replicated an association between measures of trait mindfulness and trait difficulty letting go of depressive thoughts, although MBAS and the TMS measures were unrelated with trait difficulty letting go of depressive thoughts. Future research directions are discussed.

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“…Instructions to practice mindfulness of thoughts and feelings following negative mood induction have been found to be more effective than rumination, suppression, or no instruction in alleviating subjective distress in healthy university students (Broderick, 2005), previously depressed individuals (Singer & Dobson, 2007), and currently depressed individuals (Huffziger & Kuehner, 2009). Brief mindfulness training has also been shown to be more effective than worry or control inductions (Arch & Craske, 2006; Erisman & Roemer, 2010) in down-regulating negative affect.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reappraisal and mindfulness: A comparison of subjective effects and cognitive costs

Keng

Robins

Smoski

et al. 2013

Behaviour Research and Therapy

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The present study investigated the relative effects of mindfulness and reappraisal in reducing sad mood and whether trait mindfulness and habitual reappraisal moderated the effects. The study also compared the extent to which implementation of these strategies incurred cognitive resources. A total of 129 participants were randomly assigned to receiving training in mindfulness, reappraisal, or no training prior to undergoing an autobiographical sad mood induction. Results showed that mindfulness and reappraisal were superior to no training, and equivalent in their effects in lowering sad mood. Compared to mindfulness, reappraisal resulted in significantly higher interference scores on a subsequent Stroop test, reflecting greater depletion of cognitive resources. Higher trait mindfulness, but not habitual reappraisal, predicted greater reductions in sadness across conditions. The study suggests that although mindfulness and reappraisal are equally effective in down-regulating sad mood, they incur different levels of cognitive costs.

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Rumination, distraction, and mindful self-focus in depressed patients

Cited by 137 publications

References 45 publications

Peer Victimization in Childhood and Internalizing Problems in Adolescence: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Peer Victimization in Childhood and Internalizing Problems in Adolescence: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Assessment of Response to Mindfulness Meditation: Meditation Breath Attention Scores in Association with Subjective Measures of State and Trait Mindfulness and Difficulty Letting Go of Depressive Cognition

Reappraisal and mindfulness: A comparison of subjective effects and cognitive costs

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