Ruminal Methanogenic Responses to the Thiamine Supplementation in High-Concentrate Diets

Abstract

Background: Thiamine supplementation in high-concentrate diets (HC) was confirmed to attenuate ruminal subacute acidosis through promoting carbohydrate metabolism, however, whether thiamine supplementation in HC impacts methane metabolism is still unclear. Therefore, in the present study, thiamine was supplemented in the high-concentrate diets to investigate its effects on ruminal methanogens and methanogenesis process. Methods: an in vitro fermentation experiment which included three treatments: control diet (CON, concentrate/forage = 4:6; DM basis), high-concentrate diet (HC, concentrate/forage = 6:4; DM basis) and high-concentrate diet supplemented with thiamine (HCT, concentrate/forage = 6:4, DM basis; thiamine supplementation content = 180 mg/kg DM) was conducted. Each treatment concluded with four repeats, with three bottles in each repeat. The in vitro fermentation was sustained for 48h each time and repeated three times. At the end of fermentation, fermentable parameters, ruminal bacteria and methanogens community were measured. Results: HC significantly decreased ruminal pH, thiamine and acetate content, while significantly increasing propionate content compared with CON (p < 0.05). Conversely, thiamine supplementation significantly increased ruminal pH, acetate while significantly decreasing propionate content compared with HC treatment (p < 0.05). No significant difference of ruminal methanogens abundances among three treatments was observed. Thiamine supplementation significantly decreased methane production compared with CON, while no significant change was found in HCT compared with HC. Conclusion: thiamine supplementation in the high-concentrate diet (HC) could efficiently reduce CH4 emissions compared with high-forage diets while without causing ruminal metabolic disorders compared with HC treatment. This study demonstrated that supplementation of proper thiamine in concentrate diets could be an effective nutritional strategy to decrease CH4 production in dairy cows.

Rumen Methanogens Diversity in Native Cattle under Different Feeding Regimen using 16s Metagenomic Techniques

“…Phylum Candidatus Korarchaeota were present in treatment 2 and treatment 4 and phylum Candidatus Micrarchaeota was present only in treatment 2. These results of this study concur to the previous reports (Abecia et al, 2014;Xue et al, 2020), where Crenarchaeota methanogens have acknowledged in the rumen. Sulfolobales are physiologically and morphologically distinguished archaea, belonging to the phylum Crenarchaeota which occurs mainly in extreme thermo acidophilic ecosystems (Quehenberger et al, 2017).…”

The Remodeling Effects of High-Concentrate Diets on Microbial Composition and Function in the Hindgut of Dairy Cows

“…In addition, among the abovementioned changed methanogens, Methanobrevibacter utilized hydrogen, and/or formate for methanogenesis, Methanosphaera utilized methyl-containing compounds (such as methanol and methylamine) to produce methane, and Methanosarcina harbored the abovementioned three methane methanogenesis pathways (41,42). Hence, in the present study, HC feeding resulted in a decrease in the methanogens populations and gene expressions related to methanogenesis, which further resulted in a reduction in methane production.…”

Alterations in Rumen Bacterial Community and Metabolome Characteristics of Cashmere Goats in Response to Dietary Nutrient Density

“…For the GC-TOFMS data, differential metabolites between two groups were identified combining variable importance in the projection (VIP) >1 and p < 0.05. Significant correlations between rumen bacteria and metabolite variables were assessed by Spearman correlation analysis, if the correlation coefficients (r, in absolute values) were above 0.55 [ 36 , 37 ]. The statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.…”