Ruminal disappearance of phosphorus and starch, reticuloruminal pH and total tract nutrient digestibility in dairy cows fed diets differing in grain processing

Khol-Parisini, A.; Humer, Elke; Sizmaz, Özge; Abdel-Raheem, Sherief M.; Grüber, L.; Gasteiner, J.; Zebeli, Qendrim

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.09.028

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Gross energy of feed and feces was measured using an isoperibolic bomb calorimeter (C200, IKA ® -Werke GmbH & Co. KG, Staufen, Germany), with benzoic acid as the standard used to calibrate the instrument. Titanium dioxide was measured in feed and feces according to the method described by Khol-Parisini et al [18]; absorption was measured at 405 nm using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi U-3000, Metrohm INULA GmbH, Vienna, Austria). To measure total starch content of the TGS diet, the soluble TGS was leached out of the samples and treated with perchloric acid.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transglycosylated Starch Improves Insulin Response and Alters Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolome in a Growing Pig Model

et al. 2017

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Due to the functional properties and physiological effects often associated with chemically modified starches, significant interest lies in their development for incorporation in processed foods. This study investigated the effect of transglycosylated cornstarch (TGS) on blood glucose, insulin, and serum metabolome in the pre- and postprandial phase in growing pigs. Eight jugular vein-catheterized barrows were fed two diets containing 72% purified starch (waxy cornstarch (CON) or TGS). A meal tolerance test (MTT) was performed with serial blood sampling for glucose, insulin, lipids, and metabolome profiling. TGS-fed pigs had reduced postprandial insulin (p < 0.05) and glucose (p < 0.10) peaks compared to CON-fed pigs. The MTT showed increased (p < 0.05) serum urea with TGS-fed pigs compared to CON, indicative of increased protein catabolism. Metabolome profiling showed reduced (p < 0.05) amino acids such as alanine and glutamine with TGS, suggesting increased gluconeogenesis compared to CON, probably due to a reduction in available glucose. Of all metabolites affected by dietary treatment, alkyl-acyl-phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins were generally increased (p < 0.05) preprandially, whereas diacyl-phosphatidylcholines and lysophosphatidylcholines were decreased (p < 0.05) postprandially in TGS-fed pigs compared to CON. In conclusion, TGS led to changes in postprandial insulin and glucose metabolism, which may have caused the alterations in serum amino acid and phospholipid metabolome profiles.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transglycosylated Starch Improves Insulin Response and Alters Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolome in a Growing Pig Model

et al. 2017

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“…Gross energy content in feed, feces, and ileal digesta was determined using an isoperibolic bomb calorimeter (C200, IKA ® -Werke GmbH & Co. KG, Staufen, Germany), with benzoic acid as the standard used to calibrate the instrument. Titanium dioxide was measured in feed, feces, and ileal digesta according to the method described by Khol-Parisini et al [26]; absorption was measured at 405 nm using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi U-3000, Metrohm INULA GmbH, Vienna, Austria). Total starch content in feed, lyophilized ileal digesta and fecal samples as well as d - and l -lactate concentrations in fresh ileal digesta and fecal samples were determined using commercially available kits (Megazyme K-TSTA and K-DLATE, Wicklow, Ireland).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatically Modified Starch Favorably Modulated Intestinal Transit Time and Hindgut Fermentation in Growing Pigs

Newman¹,

Zebeli²,

Velde³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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Aside from being used as stabilizing agents in many processed foods, chemically modified starches may act as functional dietary ingredients. Therefore, development of chemically modified starches that are less digestible in the upper intestinal segments and promote fermentation in the hindgut receives considerable attention. This study aimed to investigate the impact of an enzymatically modified starch (EMS) on nutrient flow, passage rate, and bacterial activity at ileal and post-ileal level. Eight ileal-cannulated growing pigs were fed 2 diets containing 72% purified starch (EMS or waxy cornstarch as control) in a cross-over design for 10 d, followed by a 4-d collection of feces and 2-d collection of ileal digesta. On d 17, solid and liquid phase markers were added to the diet to determine ileal digesta flow for 8 h after feeding. Reduced small intestinal digestion after the consumption of the EMS diet was indicated by a 10%-increase in ileal flow and fecal excretion of dry matter and energy compared to the control diet (P<0.05). Moreover, EMS feeding reduced ileal transit time of both liquid and solid fractions compared to the control diet (P<0.05). The greater substrate flow to the large intestine with the EMS diet increased the concentrations of total and individual short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in feces (P<0.05). Total bacterial 16S rRNA gene abundance was not affected by diet, whereas the relative abundance of the Lactobacillus group decreased (P<0.01) by 50% and of Enterobacteriaceae tended (P<0.1) to increase by 20% in ileal digesta with the EMS diet compared to the control diet. In conclusion, EMS appears to resemble a slowly digestible starch by reducing intestinal transit and increasing SCFA in the distal large intestine.

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“…The starch content in ileal digesta and faeces was measured accordingly. Titanium dioxide was measured spectrophotometrically (Hitachi U-3000; Metrohm INULA GmbH) at 405 nm in feed, faeces and ileal digesta after Kjeldahl extraction (19) , whereas commercially available kits (Megazyme K-DLATE) were used to determine D-and L-lactate concentrations in fresh ileal digesta and faecal samples. Concentrations of SCFA in fresh ileal digesta and faecal samples were analysed using gas chromatography (13) .…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Transglycosylated starch accelerated intestinal transit and enhanced bacterial fermentation in the large intestine using a pig model

et al. 2019

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Resistant starch can alter the intestinal nutrient availability and bulk of digesta, thereby modulating the substrate available for microbial metabolic activity along the gastrointestinal tract. This study elucidated the effect of transglycosylated starch (TGS) on the retention of digesta in the upper digestive tract, ileal flow and hindgut disappearance of nutrients, and subsequent bacterial profiles in pigs. Fourteen ileal-cannulated growing pigs were fed either the TGS or control (CON) diet in a complete crossover design. Each period consisted of a 10-d adaptation to the diets, followed by 3-d collection of faeces and ileal digesta. Consumption of TGS decreased the retention of digesta in the stomach and small intestine, and increased ileal DM, starch, Ca and P flow, leading to enhanced starch fermentation in the hindgut compared with CON-fed pigs. TGS increased ileal and faecal total SCFA, especially ileal and faecal acetate and faecal butyrate. Gastric retention time positively correlated to Klebsiella, which benefitted together with Selenomonas, Lactobacillus, Mitsuokella and Coriobacteriaceae from TGS feeding and ileal starch flow. Similar relationships existed in faeces with Coriobacteriaceae, Veillonellaceae and Megasphaera benefitting most, either directly or indirectly via cross-feeding, from TGS residuals in faeces. TGS, in turn, depressed genera within Ruminococcaceae, Clostridiales and Christensenellaceae compared with the CON diet. The present results demonstrated distinct ileal and faecal bacterial community and metabolite profiles in CON- and TGS-fed pigs, which were modulated by the type of starch, intestinal substrate flow and retention of digesta in the upper digestive tract.

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Ruminal disappearance of phosphorus and starch, reticuloruminal pH and total tract nutrient digestibility in dairy cows fed diets differing in grain processing

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Transglycosylated Starch Improves Insulin Response and Alters Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolome in a Growing Pig Model

Transglycosylated Starch Improves Insulin Response and Alters Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolome in a Growing Pig Model

Enzymatically Modified Starch Favorably Modulated Intestinal Transit Time and Hindgut Fermentation in Growing Pigs

Transglycosylated starch accelerated intestinal transit and enhanced bacterial fermentation in the large intestine using a pig model

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