Ruminal Degradability and Bypass Nutrients of Alkaline or Steam-Treated Cassava Chip and Corn Grain

Srakaew, Wuttikorn; Wachirapakorn, C.; Cherdthong, Anusorn; Wongnen, C.

doi:10.5398/tasj.2021.44.4.451

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…In this study, the chemical processing decreased the DM and EE contents. In agreement with the present study, Srakaewa et al (2021) reported that the NaOH treatment on cassava and corn reduced the contents of EE and DM. McNiven et al (1995) also reported similar results where NaOH treatment decreased barley DM and EE contents, followed by a decrease in ADF and NDF contents.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This is because starch present in feed ingredients is easily fermented in the rumen and is associated with the accumulation of large amounts of fermentative acids and, consequently, leads to a low rumen pH (Pilachai et al, 2017). The degradation of starch in the rumen depends on a number of factors such as physical morphology of the grain, nutrient content, grain pericarp, kernel, amylose, and amylopectin proportion (Srakaewa et al, 2021). The strong pericarp, for instance, might prevent the rumen microbes from degrading too much starch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modification of dietary rumen degradable starch content by chemical processing of feed ingredients: A meta‐analysis

Rahmadani

Susanto

Prasetya

et al. 2023

Animal Science Journal

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The efficiency of starch utilization in ruminant feed can be enhanced by reducing the degradation of starch in the rumen. Chemical processing of feed ingredients may modify such ruminal starch degradation. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical processing of ruminant feed ingredients on rumen degradable starch (RDS) and starch degradation kinetics in the rumen. A database was constructed from a total of 34 articles, consisted of 100 observations. The articles were searched and identified from the Scopus platform. Data were analyzed by using the fixed effect model. The types of chemical processing in this study included sodium hydroxide, ammonia, potassium aluminum, urea, formaldehyde, and organic acid. Results indicated that chemical processing significantly reduced the RDS content (p < 0.001) and the immediately soluble fraction (p < 0.001) and increased the value of slowly degradable fraction (p < 0.001) and starch absorption in the small intestine (p < 0.01). Formaldehyde was particularly effective to decrease the RDS (p < 0.05). The RDS contents in corn and wheat were reduced by the chemical processing (p < 0.05), but not with that of barley. It can be concluded that chemical processing is effective in reducing starch degradation of ruminant feeds and may enhance its utilization by ruminants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of dietary rumen degradable starch content by chemical processing of feed ingredients: A meta‐analysis

Rahmadani

Susanto

Prasetya

et al. 2023

Animal Science Journal

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“…In addition, the fat and protein content in feed ingredients also affects starch granules and plays an essential role in rumen digestion. Srakaew et al [32] support that starch-protein or starch-fat bonding in corn grain may prevent the rumen from degrading starch. However, many studies have reported an increase in rumen undegradable starch from several starch-sourced feedstuff through several processes, such as physical (heating and grinding), biological (enzymes), and chemical (ammonia, sodium hydroxide, organic acids, and formaldehyde).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of rumen undegradable starch from chemical composition in the feeds of ruminants

Rahmadani

Prasetya

Susanto

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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In ruminant diets, rumen undegradable starch (RUS) contributes to maintaining rumen health by maximizing post-ruminal starch absorption. This present study aimed to estimate dietary RUS values from their chemical composition. The database was developed from some literature search engines and obtained 41 studies from 17 references. The chemical composition of ash, dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), organic matter (OM), starch, and rumen undegradable starch (RUS) was included into the database. Pearson correlation analysis was employed in order to establish the relationship between chemical composition with RUS of feedstuff. The chemical composition with significant correlation (P<0.05) was used to estimate RUS using multiple linear regression. The RUS estimate equation was validated by calculating the root mean square error (RMSE) and plotting the RUS estimated and observed. As a result, RUS was significantly correlated with CP, NDF, ADF, and starch. The equation for estimate RUS was: RUS = 29.814 – 3.148 CP – 0.208 NDF – 0.396 ADF + 0.418 Starch. It is concluded that rumen undegradable starch (RUS) can be accurately estimated from the chemical composition of feedstuff.

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“…Total VFA concentration in the R2 treatment decreased compared to the R1 treatment due corn inclusion as an NFC source in the ration. Corn is a feedstuff with a low level of degradation (slow degradation) and can only be degraded in the rumen about 40%-60% [12]. The orthogonal contrast test results showed that total VFA concentration at R3 and R4 R5 treatments were not significant (P>0.05), indicating the inclusion of protected soybean in the ration did not interfere total VFA concentration.…”

Section: In Vitro Fermentation Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…NFC provides sufficient energy for maximal microbial protein synthesis [11]. Corn contained 70.89% NFC [12], in form of starch which consisted of 27% amylose and 73% amylopectin [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermentability and Digestibility of Dairy Cattle Ration Containing Corn-NFC, Protected Soybean and Sulfur Supplementation

Pambudi,

Rosmalia,

Permana

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Protein is an essential nutrient for dairy cattle in order for them to produce milk. Ruminant protein value can be maximized by feeding autoclave-protected soybeans, non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) from corn, and sulfur supplementation. The purpose of this study was to see how protected soybean protein, NFC corn, and Na2SO4 supplementation affected the fermentability and digestibility of dairy cattle rations. This study used a randomized block design with five treatments: rations without corn and soybeans (R1), rations with corn but no soybeans (R2), rations with corn and soybeans (R3), rations with corn and autoclave-protected soybeans (R4), and rations with corn, autoclave-protected soybeans, and sulfur supplementation (R5) (R5). As replications, the treatments were repeated four times. The ANOVA was used to analyze the data, which was then followed by an orthogonal contrast test. The treatment had no effect on pH, protozoal number, dry matter, or organic matter digestibility. Although treatment R3 produced significantly more ammonia (P0,05) than R4 and R5, R5 produced the most VFA and total bacteria. It can be concluded that rations containing protected soybean and corn as NFC sources, as well as sulfur supplementation, increase fermentability while decreasing in vitro digestibility.

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Ruminal Degradability and Bypass Nutrients of Alkaline or Steam-Treated Cassava Chip and Corn Grain

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Modification of dietary rumen degradable starch content by chemical processing of feed ingredients: A meta‐analysis

Modification of dietary rumen degradable starch content by chemical processing of feed ingredients: A meta‐analysis

Estimation of rumen undegradable starch from chemical composition in the feeds of ruminants

Fermentability and Digestibility of Dairy Cattle Ration Containing Corn-NFC, Protected Soybean and Sulfur Supplementation

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