Ruminal and Postruminal Starch Digestion in Sheep

Re, Tucker; Ge, Mitchell; Co, Little

doi:10.2527/jas1968.273824x

Cited by 59 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Ruminal and total tract digestibility of dry matter and starch in the present study agree with values reported by Tucker et al. (1968) and Ludden et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Influence of rumen escape starch on pancreatic exocrine secretion of goats

Wang

et al. 2009

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Summary The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of rumen escape starch (RES), accomplished by altering dietary starch concentrations on pancreatic exocrine secretion of goats. Four goats (36.8 ± 3.2 kg) with common bile duct re‐entrant and duodenal catheters were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square. Goats were fed diets containing 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% starch. Periods consisted of 10 day adaptation followed by 3 day of sample collection. Juice was collected in 1‐h fractions continuously for 72 h. Total juice secreted was recorded, and 3% sub samples were retained to form a composite sample. The remaining fluid was returned to the duodenum. Juice composite samples were analyzed for activities of α‐amylase, trypsin, chymotrypsin and lipase. Secretion of pancreatic α‐amylase was lower (p < 0.05) when comparing lambs fed 20% starch diet with 30%, 40% and 50% starch diets. Lipase secretion was greater (p < 0.05) in lambs fed 40% starch diet compared with the other diets. Total secretion of juice, trypsin and chymotrypin was not affected (p > 0.05) by dietary starch concentration. Rumen escape starch increased with increasing dietary starch concentration (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that increasing RES results in a quadratic increase (p < 0.05) in pancreatic α‐amylase and lipase secretion, and the secretion of α‐amylase and lipase is maximum when RES is 113 and 83 g/day respectively. These results suggest that optimal RES for pancreatic secretion of α‐amylase and lipase is 80–110 g/day in adult goats.

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“…Ruminal and total tract digestibility of dry matter and starch in the present study agree with values reported by Tucker et al. (1968) and Ludden et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Ruminal and total tract digestibility of dry matter and starch in the present study agree with values reported by Tucker et al (1968) and Ludden et al (2002) in sheep and Unruh Snyder et al (2007) in goats. Intake, duodenal flow and faecal excretion of starch increased, as dietary starch concentration increased.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of rumen escape starch on pancreatic exocrine secretion of goats

Wang

et al. 2009

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…In the present study, ewes fed a low-energy diet (H) displayed lower glucose entry rate than ewes given grain in addition to hay. This confirms that glucose metabolism in ruminants is highly dependent on energy intake (Ulyatt et al, 1970;Herbein et al, 1978;Schmidt and Keith, 1983;Wieghart et al, 1986 (Oke and Loerch, 1989), 80% when given ground (Tucker et al, 1968;Beever et al, 1970;Janes et al, 1985), and above 95% when steam-flaked corn is used (Beever et al, 1970 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

The influence of processing corn grain on glucose metabolism in ewes

Landau¹,

Nitsan²,

Zoref³

et al. 1992

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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Summary ― Glucose metabolism was studied in ewes fed 800 g chopped alfalfa hay (H) or 400 g alfalfa hay and 400 g corn grain given in whole (HWC), ground (HGC) or extruded (HEC) form. Daily intake of metabolisable energy and crude protein were: 5.8 MJ, 109 g; 9.0 MJ, 84 g; 9.5 MJ, 84 g and 8.5 MJ, 88 g in H, HWC, HGC and HEC, respectively. In situ ruminal degradability ranked whole, ground, and extruded corn in ascending order. Ruminal pH and concentration of acetic acid were lower and of propionic acid higher (P < 0.05) in HEC than in HGC and HWC groups. Plasma level of glucose (P < 0.10), insulin (P < 0.05), and the ratio of insulin to non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) (P < 0.01 ) were higher in HEC than in other groups. Glucose irreversible loss (GILR) and entry rate (GER), recycling (GRec)

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“…Thus, postruminal digestion of starch assumes increased importance when high concentrate diets are fed. However, trends toward reduced digestibility of starch within the small intestine in response to increased starch consumption have been reported (Tucker et al, 1968;Galyean et al, 1979a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dietary Corn Starch Intake on Pancreatic Amylase and Intestinal Maltase and pH in Cattle

Russell

Young

Jorgensen

1981

Journal of Animal Science

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The pH optimum of pancreatic alpha-amylase from grain-fed steers was determined to be 6.9, while that of intestinal maltase was established at 5.8. Both assays were found to be linear up to 1 hr of incubation. The V max of pancreatic amylase was determined to be pancreatic amylase was determined to be 1.15 mg of maltose monohydrate produced/hr. Activities of pancreatic and intestinal maltase were not reduced (P greater than .05) during the interval from sample collection from the animal until analysis 4 hr later when tissues were kept on ice. Twenty-four yearling Holstein steers fed either alfalfa hay at a maintenance level of metabolizable energy (ME) intake or corn at one, two or three times the maintenance ME intake level were slaughtered after being fed 106 days. The pancreas was removed alone with sections of the intestine. Specific activity of pancreatic amylase for steers fed the high level of corn was 129% of that for steers fed the alfalfa diet (P greater than .05). Intestinal maltase activity was highest in the jejunum and decreased toward the ileum. Increasing dietary starch intake resulted in no response (P greater than .05) in maltase activity at 10, 30, 50, 70, or 90% of the small intestine length. The effect of dietary starch level on dieesta pH was dependent on sampling location within the small intestine. There were no dietary effects (P greater than .05) on digesta pH for the first 10% segment of intestine distal to the pylorus. However, in all subsequent sections, digesta pH was higher steers fed the alfalfa diet than for those fed the two higher levels of grain. A calculation for estimating th amount of pancreatic amylase needed to hydrolyze starch presented to small intestine is discussed.

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Ruminal and Postruminal Starch Digestion in Sheep

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of rumen escape starch on pancreatic exocrine secretion of goats

Influence of rumen escape starch on pancreatic exocrine secretion of goats

The influence of processing corn grain on glucose metabolism in ewes

Effect of Dietary Corn Starch Intake on Pancreatic Amylase and Intestinal Maltase and pH in Cattle

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