Rumen fermentation and liveweight gain in beef cattle treated with monensin and grazing lush forage

Packer, E.; Clayton, Edward; Cusack, Pmv

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00802.x

Cited by 54 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(52 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These samples were stored at room temperature until counted for ciliate protozoa in a Mod-Fuchs-Rosenthal counting chamber using a Leica microscope (Leica Microsystems Pty Ltd., North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia). A 4-mL subsample of ruminal fluid was diluted with 1 mL of 25% H 3 PO 4 and then frozen for subsequent analysis of VFA, according to the method of Packer et al (2011). A 10-mL subsample of ruminal fluid was frozen and subsequently used for microbial profiling.…”

Section: Ruminal Fermentation Methanogens and Protozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape marc reduces methane emissions when fed to dairy cows

Moate

Williams

Torok

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

146

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Grape marc (the skins, seeds, stalk, and stems remaining after grapes have been pressed to make wine) is currently a by-product used as a feed supplement by the dairy and beef industries. Grape marc contains condensed tannins and has high concentrations of crude fat; both these substances can reduce enteric methane (CH4) production when fed to ruminants. This experiment examined the effects of dietary supplementation with either dried, pelleted grape marc or ensiled grape marc on yield and composition of milk, enteric CH4 emissions, and ruminal microbiota in dairy cows. Thirty-two Holstein dairy cows in late lactation were offered 1 of 3 diets: a control (CON) diet; a diet containing dried, pelleted grape marc (DGM); and a diet containing ensiled grape marc (EGM). The diet offered to cows in the CON group contained 14.0kg of alfalfa hay dry matter (DM)/d and 4.3kg of concentrate mix DM/d. Diets offered to cows in the DGM and EGM groups contained 9.0kg of alfalfa hay DM/d, 4.3kg of concentrate mix DM/d, and 5.0kg of dried or ensiled grape marc DM/d, respectively. These diets were offered individually to cows for 18d. Individual cow feed intake and milk yield were measured daily and milk composition measured on 4d/wk. Individual cow CH4 emissions were measured by the SF6 tracer technique on 2d at the end of the experiment. Ruminal bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and protozoan communities were quantified on the last day of the experiment. Cows offered the CON, DGM, and EGM diets, ate 95, 98, and 96%, respectively, of the DM offered. The mean milk yield of cows fed the EGM diet was 12.8kg/cow per day and was less than that of cows fed either the CON diet (14.6kg/cow per day) or the DGM diet (15.4kg/cow per day). Feeding DGM and EGM diets was associated with decreased milk fat yields, lower concentrations of saturated fatty acids, and enhanced concentrations of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular cis-9,trans-11 linoleic acid. The mean CH4 emissions were 470, 375, and 389g of CH4/cow per day for cows fed the CON, DGM, and EGM diets, respectively. Methane yields were 26.1, 20.2, and 21.5g of CH4/kg of DMI for cows fed the CON, DGM, and EGM diets, respectively. The ruminal bacterial and archaeal communities were altered by dietary supplementation with grape marc, but ruminal fungal and protozoan communities were not. Decreases of approximately 20% in CH4 emissions and CH4 yield indicate that feeding DGM and EGM could play a role in CH4 abatement.

show abstract

Section: Ruminal Fermentation Methanogens and Protozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape marc reduces methane emissions when fed to dairy cows

Moate

Williams

Torok

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

146

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Daily samples of lucerne were bulked over approximately weekly periods within years prior to analysis. Proximate analyses (% DM) were determined using near infra-red reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy with a Bruker multi-purpose analyser (MPA, Bruker Optik GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany) and OPUS software (version 5.1) using calibrations developed by the NSW Department of Primary Industries Feed Quality Service (NSW DPI FQS, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales) as described previously (Packer et al, 2011). Proximate analyses of the Control pellet were determined by wet-chemistry by the same methods used for NIR calculations except that total lipid concentration was determined by solvent extraction using the Randall method (Randall, 1974) with hexane which has been validated for use with animal feed (Thiex et al, 2003) using a FOSS solvent extraction system (Soxtec 2050 Avanti Extraction Unit, FOSS, Hoganas, Sweden).…”

Section: Feed Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive performance in ewes fed varying levels of cut lucerne pasture around conception

Robertson

Clayton

Morgan

et al. 2015

Animal Reproduction Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…As it affects animal health and reduces performance, SARA is considered to be the most important nutritional disorder for ruminants [4,5]. Among the strategies developed to prevent SARA, the use of chemical buffers [6], ionophores [7] and probiotics based on yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae [8,9] have been found to stabilize ruminal pH and improve animal production. Contrastingly, there is less information on the use of bacterial probiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumen microbial and fermentation characteristics are affected differently by bacterial probiotic supplementation during induced lactic and subacute acidosis in sheep

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundRuminal disbiosis induced by feeding is the cause of ruminal acidosis, a digestive disorder prevalent in high-producing ruminants. Because probiotic microorganisms can modulate the gastrointestinal microbiota, propionibacteria- and lactobacilli-based probiotics were tested for their effectiveness in preventing different forms of acidosis.ResultsLactic acidosis, butyric and propionic subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) were induced by feed chalenges in three groups of four wethers intraruminally dosed with wheat, corn or beet pulp. In each group, wethers were either not supplemented (C) or supplemented with Propionibacterium P63 alone (P) or combined with L. plantarum (Lp + P) or L. rhamnosus (Lr + P). Compared with C, all the probiotics stimulated lactobacilli proliferation, which reached up to 25% of total bacteria during wheat-induced lactic acidosis. This induced a large increase in lactate concentration, which decreased ruminal pH. During the corn-induced butyric SARA, Lp + P decreased Prevotella spp. proportion with a concomitant decrease in microbial amylase activity and total volatile fatty acids concentration, and an increase in xylanase activity and pH. Relative to the beet pulp-induced propionic SARA, P and Lr + P improved ruminal pH without affecting the microbial or fermentation characteristics. Regardless of acidosis type, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis revealed that probiotic supplementations modified the bacterial community structure.ConclusionThis work showed that the effectiveness of the bacterial probiotics tested depended on the acidosis type. Although these probiotics were ineffective in lactic acidosis because of a deeply disturbed rumen microbiota, some of the probiotics tested may be useful to minimize the occurrence of butyric and propionic SARA in sheep. However, their modes of action need to be further investigated.

show abstract

Rumen fermentation and liveweight gain in beef cattle treated with monensin and grazing lush forage

Cited by 54 publications

References 27 publications

Grape marc reduces methane emissions when fed to dairy cows

Grape marc reduces methane emissions when fed to dairy cows

Reproductive performance in ewes fed varying levels of cut lucerne pasture around conception

Rumen microbial and fermentation characteristics are affected differently by bacterial probiotic supplementation during induced lactic and subacute acidosis in sheep

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About