Rumen effective degradability of amino acids from soybean meal corrected for microbial contamination

González, Javier; Rodríguez, Carlos Alberto; Centeno, Carmen; Lamnari, Farida

doi:10.1051/rnd:2000101

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The estimates of ED for BCAA and Phe in EP and HS were higher than values for the other EAA; furthermore, the ED for BCAA and Phe was not constant across SBM products. Other studies have also reported differences in AA composition of the RUP from SBM compared with the original feed protein (Crooker et al, 1987;Gonzá lez et al, 2000). The present study, with several rumenprotected products, confirms that not only are there differences in the effective degradation between CP and EAA, but also that there are differences in ED among the individual EAA.…”

Section: Rumen Kineticssupporting

confidence: 84%

Ruminal Degradability and Intestinal Digestibility of Protein and Amino Acids in Treated Soybean Meal Products

Castro

Phillip

Lapierre

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

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Four lactating dairy cows equipped with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used to determine the impact of different methods of treating soybean meal (SBM) on the ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of crude protein and AA. Solvent-extracted SBM (SE), expeller SBM (EP), lignosulfonate SBM (LS), and heat and soyhulls SBM (HS) were incubated in the rumen in nylon bags for 48, 24, 16, 8, 4, 2, and 0 h according to National Research Council (2001) guidelines. Additional samples of each SBM product were also incubated for 16 h in the rumen; the residues from these bags were transferred to mobile bags, soaked in pepsin HCl, and then used for determination of intestinal digestibility in situ or in vitro. Treatment of SBM (EP, LS, HS) protected the crude protein and AA from ruminal degradation, increasing rumen undegradable protein from 42% in SE to 68% in EP. Kinetic analysis of crude protein and AA degradation in the rumen revealed that, compared with LS and HS, EP exhibited slower rates of degradation but a shorter lag phase and a higher proportion of soluble protein. For all SBM products, the pattern of ruminal degradation, at 16 h of incubation, was characterized by extensive degradation of Lys and His, whereas Met and the branched-chain AA were degraded to the least extent. Estimates of intestinal digestibility of AA and crude protein were lower when measured in vitro than in situ; the magnitude of the difference between the 2 methods was greater (25%) with treated SBM products than with SE (10%). The availability of essential and nonessential AA was consistently greater (30%) with treated SBM than with SE. Among the treated SBM products, 4 essential AA (Ile, Leu, Phe, and Val) showed differences in availability, with values consistently lower for HS than for LS. This study showed that, based on in situ measures, heat and chemical treatment of SBM enhanced AA availability, and that compared with HS, EP and LS had a higher potential to enhance the AA supply to the small intestine of high-producing dairy cows.

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Section: Rumen Kineticssupporting

confidence: 84%

Ruminal Degradability and Intestinal Digestibility of Protein and Amino Acids in Treated Soybean Meal Products

Castro

Phillip

Lapierre

et al. 2007

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Degradation rate values also showed a high apparent increase for TAA. This fact was also observed for soybean meal by González et al (2000), who associated it with the nitrogenous compounds bounded to the fibre fraction. These compounds will be slowly degraded and, when they are proteins, they could be resistant to the hydrolysis and therefore not detected in the chromatographic analysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Effects of ensiling on ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of Italian rye-grass

González

Faría-Mármol

Rodríguez

et al. 2007

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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The effective degradability (ED) and the intestinal effective digestibility (IED) of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) of a green Italian rye-grass (GRG) crop and its silage (ERG) were determined using in situ and particle passage techniques on three wethers, cannulated in rumen and duodenum. Two rumen incubations with duplicate bags filled with 3 g of freeze-dried samples were performed for each feed at times of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h. On each incubation, one series of bags was used to determine rumen degradation and the other was freeze-dried and pooled for each incubation time. Then two sub-samples (0.2 g) were incubated into mobile nylon bags through the entire intestine of each animal. The microbial contamination of rumen incubated residues (determined with 15 N techniques) was fitted to an exponential function. The asymptotic values (m) for DM contamination showed that silage particle reached a greater colonisation (P=0.006) but with a slower rate of microbe accumulation (P=0.03). Values of m for CP also showed that the undegradable CP fraction was mainly of microbial Abbreviations: a, soluble fraction; ADF, acid detergent fibre; ADIN, acid detergent insoluble N; b, non-soluble degradable fraction; CP, crude protein; DM, dry matter; ED, effective degradability; ED p , effective degradability calculated using k p ; ED c,p , effective degradability calculated using k c and k p ; ERG, ensiled rye-grass; GRG, green rye-grass; IED, intestinal effective digestibility; k c , rate of particle comminution; k p , outflow rate from the rumen; NDF, neutral detergent fibre; NDIN, neutral detergent insoluble N; r, undegradable fraction; SAB, solid adherent bacteria; TAA, total analysed amino acids

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“…Duodenal flows of Arg and Leu in the T group were significantly (P<0.05) higher. These results are correlated with a relatively high content of these amino acids in soya bean protein (Gonzáles et al, 2000). Due to the rumen protection of mixture duodenal flows of free Met, Lys, His and Arg increased by 3.6, 2.7, 4.4 and 2.5 times, respectively, against the control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

The effect of soya protein supplement enriched with three amino acids on duodenal flow of soluble nitrogen fractions and amino acids in dairy cows

Křížová¹,

Richter²,

Třináctý³

et al. 2007

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The aim of this study was to confirm the presumption that the duodenal flow of soluble nitrogen fractions: soluble non-ammonia nitrogen (SNAN), soluble protein and long-chain peptides nitrogen (SPLPN), soluble short-chain peptides and free amino acids nitrogen (SSPFAAN) and free amino acids (FAA) will be increased after the application of ruminally protected tablets containing soya protein and amino acids (Met, Lys, His). Control animals received the same mixture but in ruminally non-protected (powder) form. The experiment was carried out on three lactating Holstein cows of average weight of 523 kg fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas. The experiment was divided into 4 periods of 14 d (10 d preliminary period and a 4-d experimental period). In the first period one cow received the tablets (T) and the other two received the powder (C) with the same composition. In the subsequent period the rate of animals was antipodal. Cows were fed on diet based on maize silage, lucerne hay and a supplemental mixture. Powder or tablets consisted of purified soya-protein HP 300, Lys, Met and His. The experimental treatment did not significantly (P>0.05) influence duodenal flow of SNAN, SPLPN and SSPFAAN. In case of FAA significant (P<0.05) increase of flow (in g/day) was obtained in T group for Met (1.25 vs 0.35), Lys (2.07 vs 0.76), His (2.13 vs 0.49) and Arg (0.37 vs 0.15) against the control C.

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Rumen effective degradability of amino acids from soybean meal corrected for microbial contamination

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Ruminal Degradability and Intestinal Digestibility of Protein and Amino Acids in Treated Soybean Meal Products

Ruminal Degradability and Intestinal Digestibility of Protein and Amino Acids in Treated Soybean Meal Products

Effects of ensiling on ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of Italian rye-grass

The effect of soya protein supplement enriched with three amino acids on duodenal flow of soluble nitrogen fractions and amino acids in dairy cows

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