Rules and Reciprocity in Behavioural Development: Implications for Rehabilitation

Bateson, Patrick

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1983.tb00099.x

Cited by 30 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Focusing on familiar individuals has been found in many aspects ofbehavioural development, e.g. in filial imprinting (Bateson 1980), for the gaping responses of young zebra finches (Bischof & Lassek 1985) and song learning (B6hner 1983;Clayton 1987). Second, the time needed for consolidation was extremely short (2 • 20 min).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of adult courtship experience on the development of sexual preferences in zebra finch males

et al. 1991

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Abstract. Young zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata castanotis, males were raised by Bengalese finch, Lonchura striata, foster parents until day 35, 40 or 50 of age, respectively. Following isolation until day 100, about half of the birds in each age group were tested for their preference for Bengalese or zebra finch females in two double-choice tests (pretests). After breeding experience with a conspecific female for 7 months, their sexual preferences were re-tested in two series of five double-choice tests (post-tests), one series 14 days after breeding experience, the other 7-12 months later. Preferences established during early development were changed by breeding experience. However, this change in preference was suppressed by preceding short phases of courtship experience with the foster parent species (during the pretests) after isolation. The same results were obtained by double-choice tests on the same birds 7-12 months later, demonstrating that the acquired preferences are quite stable. Large individual differences in the preferences of the birds may be caused by as yet unknown, subtle differences in rearing conditions. It is proposed that the preferences acquired during early development have to be stabilized by courtship experience. If the adequate object for courting is replaced by another one, a new preference may emerge. The extremely short time which is needed for consolidation may be explained by the high arousal level during pretests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of adult courtship experience on the development of sexual preferences in zebra finch males

et al. 1991

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“…Consequently, play is viewed as an imperfect version of adult behavior. In Bateson's (1976) terms, this is the scaffolding view of play: Play functions in the assembly of skills and is disassembled when the skills are complete (e.g., Bruner, 1972). The classic example of play serving deferred benefits is where the play-fighting characteristic of juvenile males is seen as practice for adult hunting and fighting skills (Smith, 1982).…”

Section: The Influence Of Natural Selection At Different Times In Ontmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Development and Evolutionary Psychology

2000

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Evolutionary developmental psychology involves the expression of evolved, epigenetic programs, as described by the developmental systems approach, over the course of ontogeny. There have been different selection pressures on organisms at different times in ontogeny, and some characteristics of infants and children were selected in evolution to serve an adaptive function at that time in their life history rather than to prepare individuals for later adulthood. Examples of such adaptive functions of immaturity are provided from infancy, play, and cognitive development. Most evolved psychological mechanisms are proposed to be domain specific in nature and have been identified for various aspects of children's cognitive and social development, most notably for the acquisition of language and for theory of mind. Differences in the quality and quantity of parental investment affect children's development and influence their subsequent reproductive and childcare strategies. Some sex differences observed in childhood, particularly as expressed during play, are seen as antecedents and preparations for adult sex differences. Because evolved mechanisms were adaptive to ancestral environments, they are not always adaptive for contemporary people, and this mismatch of evolved mechanisms with modern environments is seen in children's maladjustment to some aspects of formal schooling. We argue that an evolutionary perspective can be valuable for developing a better understanding of human ontogeny in contemporary society and that a developmental perspective is important for a better understanding of evolutionary psychology.

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“…This is the problem of equifinality (Bateson 1976). Therefore, in the case of stereotypy, one must assess the use of alternative coping mechanisms (Broom 1985;0dberg 1987a.…”

Section: Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotypies: a critical review

1991

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Abstract. Stereotypies are repetitive, invariant behaviour patterns with no obvious goal or function. They seem to be restricted to captive animals, mentally ill or handicapped humans, and subjects given stimulant drugs. In this respect they are abnormal, although possibly the product of normal behavioural processes. Stereotypies are often associated with past or present sub-optimal aspects of the environment, and have been used as a welfare indicator. It has been hypothesized that stereotypies have beneficial consequences which reinforce their performance, although other means, such as positive feedback, may equally explain their persistence. Empirical evidence links them with lowered awareness of external events, and reduced arousal and distress. However, as most of this evidence is correlational it remains uncertain that the stereotypies are themselves the cause of coping. Furthermore, they are heterogeneous in source of origin, proximate causation and physical characteristics, and they change over time in important respects, becoming more readily elicited by a wider range of circumstances. Therefore the properties of one stereotypy are not necessarily those of another.

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Rules and Reciprocity in Behavioural Development: Implications for Rehabilitation

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of adult courtship experience on the development of sexual preferences in zebra finch males

Influence of adult courtship experience on the development of sexual preferences in zebra finch males

Child Development and Evolutionary Psychology

Stereotypies: a critical review

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