Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy Diagnosed after Laparotomy

Abstract

Müllerian abnormalities are present in 0.17% of fertile women and 3.5% of infertile women, and a unicornuate uterus is observed in 0.4% of women. The uterus is normally formed during embryogenesis by the fusion of the two Müllerian ducts. If one of the ducts does not develop, only one Müllerian duct contributes to the uterine development. We report a case of Gravida II, abortion I referred from a primary hospital with a referral paper and sonography stating she had IUFD. She had regular antenatal care follow-up at the primary hospital and had 8 months of amenorrhea. Our ultrasound assessment confirmed the intrauterine fetal demise, but the rudimentary horn pregnancy was missed. Repeated attempts at the induction of labor were tried but unsuccessful. The diagnosis was confirmed at laparotomy. She underwent cesarean section with right intact rudimentary horn removal. A nonviable male fetus with birth weight of 1.2 kg was delivered. Women with this abnormality are asymptomatic and unaware of having a unicornuate uterus. Abdominal pain is the most common presenting symptom with the rudimentary horn, but communicating horn pregnancy is generally asymptomatic in early pregnancy. Early awareness of this rare clinical condition is so crucial especially in developing countries where the availability of new technologies is scarce to explore uterine abnormalities. The patient had uneventful postoperative recovery and was discharged after 3 postoperative days.

Unicornuate Uterus with Rudimentary Horn as a Rare Etiology of Secondary Dysmenorrhea: A Case Report

“…Rudimentary horn and its liability for ectopic pregnancy has been described in multiple literature studies as being presumably due to intraperitoneal sperm or oocyte migration [11,12] and were associated with higher incidence of abortion or rupture of the horn, especially in the second and third trimesters [13]. Furthermore, considering the fact that hematometra, hematosalpinx, and endometriosis are consequences of retrograde menstruation [14], the rudimentary horn and its connecting fallopian tube were removed during laparoscopy for this patient.…”

Co-Existence of a Rudimentary Non-Communicating Horn with a Unicornuate Uterus in Association with 2 Components of the VACTERL Association: A Case Report

“…Pregnancy in a non-communicating horn is rare (1:100,000) and it has been attributed to the trans-peritoneal migration of spermatozoa [5,10]. Early diagnosis is challenging, and pregnancy progression usually results in the rudimentary horn rupture around the second trimester in 80-90% cases becoming an emergency with the consequent high maternal morbidity and mortality [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”