Ruby-Crowned Kinglet Impaled on Greenbriar Thorn

Shackelford, Clifford E.; Shackelford, Julie K.

doi:10.2307/3672386

The Southwestern Naturalist

2001

DOI: 10.2307/3672386

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Ruby-Crowned Kinglet Impaled on Greenbriar Thorn

Clifford E. Shackelford¹,

Julie K. Shackelford²

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Cited by 2 publications

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“…one of the more unusual causes of death is entanglement in plants (Hager et al 2009). The types of entanglements involved and plants include becoming stuck within or speared on the branches of trees or shrubs (Lloyd 1923;Sherick 1966), entwined by the blades of sedges (Bond 1960), impaled by thorns or cactus spines (delareuelee 1973;Shackelford and Shackelford 2001), caught in the inflorescences or seed heads of grasses (Powers et al 1981;rodríguez et al 2009), and tangled in the burrs of herbaceous plants (Craves 1998;Underwood and Underwood 2013).…”

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Bird behaviour on and entanglement in invasive burdock (<em>Arctium</em> spp.) plants in Winnipeg, Manitoba

Underwood

2013

Can Field Nat

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Underwood, Todd J., and robyn M. Underwood. 2013. Bird behaviour on and entanglement in invasive burdock (Arctium spp.) plants in Winnipeg,: 164 -174.Burdocks (Arctium spp.) are invasive plants native to Eurasia. They produce their seeds within large burrs that adhere to vertebrates for seed dispersal, i.e., epizoochory. Small animals may become entangled in these burrs and die. Through active searches of natural areas in Winnipeg, Manitoba, from 2000 to 2005, we documented 29 songbirds entangled in burdock burrs and recorded observations of bird behaviour on burdock plants. We analyzed trends among birds found entangled by taxon, sex, age, migratory status, and season, and we compared them to observations of bird activity on burdock. Thirteen species of birds were found entangled. Most birds found entangled (62%) were warblers (Parulidae), but there were also species from five other families (<15% per family). There was no significant difference in the distribution of birds found entangled by sex or age. A significant proportion of birds found entangled were migrants, and the average number of birds found entangled per search visit differed significantly by season, with most birds found entangled in fall. By comparison, we recorded 34 species of birds (n = 178 observations) active on burdock plants. Warblers (38%) and sparrows (Emberizidae) (24%) were the most active, followed by small numbers of birds from eight other families (<9% per family). Species that were observed actively foraging on burdocks more often became entangled than those species observed only perching on burdocks. Species found entangled had a significantly lower body mass than species that were not found entangled but were active on burdocks. overall, we suggest that small-bodied fall migrants that forage on burdock plants are most at risk of becoming entangled.

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Bird behaviour on and entanglement in invasive burdock (<em>Arctium</em> spp.) plants in Winnipeg, Manitoba

Underwood

2013

Can Field Nat

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A true “migrant trap”: Boerhavia (Nyctaginaceae) entanglement as a recurring cause of avian entrapment and mortality

Wilder

2019

The Wilson Journal of Ornithology

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Ruby-Crowned Kinglet Impaled on Greenbriar Thorn

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Bird behaviour on and entanglement in invasive burdock (<em>Arctium</em> spp.) plants in Winnipeg, Manitoba

Bird behaviour on and entanglement in invasive burdock (<em>Arctium</em> spp.) plants in Winnipeg, Manitoba

A true “migrant trap”: Boerhavia (Nyctaginaceae) entanglement as a recurring cause of avian entrapment and mortality

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