Rubisco activation state decreases with increasing nitrogen content in apple leaves

Cheng, Lailiang; Fuchigami, Leslie H.

doi:10.1093/jexbot/51.351.1687

Cited by 172 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Total Rubisco activity was measured after incubating the peel extract in the assay solution for 15 min at room temperature as described previously (Cheng and Fuchigami 2000).…”

Section: Analysis Of Leaf Pigments and Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high temperature coupled with high light on the balance between photooxidation and photoprotection in the sun-exposed peel of apple

Chen

Cheng

2008

Planta

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123

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The sun-exposed peel of 'Gala' apple with or without sunburn was compared in terms of photooxidation and photoprotection, and a controlled experiment was conducted to probe the initial responses of PSII to high light and high temperature. The content of carotenoids, lutein and xanthophylls on a chlorophyll basis was higher in the sunburned peel although they were lower expressed on a peel area basis. Significant loss of beta-carotene and neoxanthin was observed relative to chlorophylls in the sunburned peel. O(2) evolution rates and the activity of key enzymes in the Calvin cycle were lower in the sunburned peel, but the activity of these enzymes decreased to a lesser extent than the O(2) evolution rates. The activity of antioxidant enzymes in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and the level of total ascorbate, total glutathione, and reduced glutathione were higher in the sunburned peel. However, the sunburned peel had higher H(2)O(2) and malondialdehyde contents. Fruit peels treated with high temperature (45 degrees C) alone showed a clear "K" step in their chlorophyll fluorescence transients whereas high temperature coupled with high light (1,600 micromol m(-2) s(-1)) led to the disappearance of the "K" step and a further decrease in F (V)/F (M) (similar to what was observed in the sunburned peel). We conclude that high temperature coupled with high light damages the PSII complexes at both the donor and acceptor sides. Although both the xanthophyll cycle and the antioxidant system are up-regulated in response to the photooxidative stress, this up-regulation does not provide enough protection against the photooxidation.

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“…Total Rubisco activity was measured after incubating the peel extract in the assay solution for 15 min at room temperature as described previously (Cheng and Fuchigami 2000).…”

Section: Analysis Of Leaf Pigments and Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high temperature coupled with high light on the balance between photooxidation and photoprotection in the sun-exposed peel of apple

Chen

Cheng

2008

Planta

Self Cite

123

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“…Total Rubisco activity was measured after incubating the leaf extract in the assay solution for 15 min at room temperature as described previously (Cheng and Fuchigami 2000).…”

Section: Assay Of Photosynthetic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antisense inhibition of sorbitol synthesis leads to up-regulation of starch synthesis without altering CO2 assimilation in apple leaves

Cheng

Zhou

Reidel

et al. 2004

Planta

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Sorbitol is a primary end-product of photosynthesis in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) and many other tree fruit species of the Rosaceae family. Sorbitol synthesis shares a common hexose phosphate pool with sucrose synthesis in the cytosol. In this study, 'Greensleeves' apple was transformed with a cDNA encoding aldose 6-phosphate reductase (A6PR, EC 1.1.1.200) in the antisense orientation. Antisense expression of A6PR decreased A6PR activity in mature leaves to approximately 15-30% of the untransformed control. The antisense plants had lower concentrations of sorbitol but higher concentrations of sucrose and starch in mature leaves at both dusk and predawn. (14)CO(2) pulse-chase labeling at ambient CO(2) demonstrated that partitioning of the newly fixed carbon to starch was significantly increased, whereas that to sucrose remained unchanged in the antisense lines with decreased sorbitol synthesis. Total activities of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (EC 4.1.1.39), sucrose-phosphate synthase (EC 2.4.1.14), and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.27) were not significantly altered in the antisense lines, whereas both stromal and cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11) activities were higher in the antisense lines with 15% of the control A6PR activity. Concentrations of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate (F6P) were higher in the antisense plants than in the control, but the 3-phosphoglycerate concentration was lower in the antisense plants with 15% of the control A6PR activity. Fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate concentration increased in the antisense plants, but not to the extent expected from the increase in F6P, comparing sucrose-synthesizing species. There was no significant difference in CO(2) assimilation in response to photon flux density or intercellular CO(2) concentration. We concluded that cytosolic FBPase activity in vivo was down-regulated and starch synthesis was up-regulated in response to decreased sorbitol synthesis. As a result, CO(2) assimilation in source leaves was sustained at both ambient CO(2) and saturating CO(2).

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“…The other hypothesis is related to the fraction of inactive Rubisco. Previous studies have shown that the activation state of Rubisco declines as leaf N (Cheng and Fuchigami 2000) or Rubisco (Eichelmann and Laisk 1999) contents increase. Furthermore, in this study, the fraction of N allocated to Rubisco appeared to be higher than those previously reported values for tree species (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Seasonal changes in photosynthesis and nitrogen allocation in leaves of different ages in evergreen understory shrub Daphniphyllum humile

Katahata

Naramoto

Kakubari

et al. 2007

Trees

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Seasonal changes in photosynthetic capacity, leaf nitrogen (N) content, leaf chlorophyll (Chl) content and leaf N allocation patterns in leaves of different ages in the evergreen understory shrub, Daphniphyllum humile Maxim, growing at a forest border and an understory site were studied. In current-year leaves at the understory site, the N and Rubisco contents increased from spring to autumn although their light-saturated photosynthetic rate at 22°C (P max 22 ) remained stable, indicating that their mesophyll conductance rates declined as they completed their development and/or that they invested increasing amounts of their resources in photosynthetic enzymes during this period. In contrast, seasonal changes in P max 22 in current-year leaves at the forest border site were correlated with changes in Rubisco content. In 1-year old leaves at the understory site, P max 22 and contents of Chl, leaf N, and Rubisco remained stable from spring to autumn, while these parameters decreased in 1-year-old forest border leaves, indicating that N may have been remobilized from shaded 1-year-old leaves to sunlit current-year leaves. When leaves senesced at the forest border site the Rubisco content decreased more rapidly than that of light-harvesting proteins such as LHCII, suggesting that N remobilization from Rubisco may be more efficient, possibly because Rubisco has greater N costs and is soluble, whereas the light-harvesting proteins are membrane components.

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Rubisco activation state decreases with increasing nitrogen content in apple leaves

Cited by 172 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of high temperature coupled with high light on the balance between photooxidation and photoprotection in the sun-exposed peel of apple

Effects of high temperature coupled with high light on the balance between photooxidation and photoprotection in the sun-exposed peel of apple

Antisense inhibition of sorbitol synthesis leads to up-regulation of starch synthesis without altering CO2 assimilation in apple leaves

Seasonal changes in photosynthesis and nitrogen allocation in leaves of different ages in evergreen understory shrub Daphniphyllum humile

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