Rubella Virus and its Effects on the Developing Nervous System

Wolinsky, Jerry S.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1243-4_10

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…T-helper cells participate in the protective immune response by enhancing the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies by B cells, producing lymphokines such as gamma interferon that directly inhibit viral replication and killing infected cells that coexpress viral antigen and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens. Although it is known that both T-helper cell proliferation and cytolytic T-lymphocyte responses can be measured during RV infections (3,24,29,51,53), the exact role of T-helper cells in elimination of RV has not been totally elucidated because of lack of a good RV-infected animal model. Precise locations of epitopes for each viral protein have not been mapped.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of T- and B-cell epitopes of capsid protein of rubella virus by using synthetic peptides

Ou¹,

Chong²,

Tripet³

et al. 1992

J Virol

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A nested set of 11 overlapping synthetic peptides covering the entire sequence of rubella virus capsid protein was synthesized, purified, and tested against human rubella virus-specific T-cell lines and rubella virusseropositive sera. T-cell lines derived from four donors responded strongly to four synthetic peptides containing residues 96 to 123, 119 to 152, 205 to 233, and 255 to 280. Only one peptide (residues 255 to 280) was recognized by all four T-cell lines. Two human immunodominant linear B-cell epitopes were mapped to residues 1 to 30 and 96 to 123 by using peptide-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All 11 synthetic peptides were highly immunogenic and induced strong antibody responses in rabbits against the respective immunized peptides. Seven of the 11 rabbit antipeptide antisera (anti-1-30,-74-100,-96-123,-119-152,-205-233,-231-257, and-255-280) specifically recognized the capsid protein on immunoblots. Identification of these Tand B-cell epitopes represents the first step toward rational design of synthetic vaccines against rubella.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rubella is usually a benign childhood infection, but rubella virus (RV) can cause a persistent infection of the brain called progressive rubella panencephalitis (53). RV has been isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of women with rubella-associated arthritis (7) and from synovial cells of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of T- and B-cell epitopes of capsid protein of rubella virus by using synthetic peptides

Ou¹,

Chong²,

Tripet³

et al. 1992

J Virol

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show abstract

“…A number of genetic neurodegenerative and infective disorders that cause developmental brain abnormalities and learning disability may present with cognitive and functional decline in young adulthood (Wherrett, 1999). Examples include Sanfillippo syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis III) type B, which may present with dementia in the adult years (Skandar et al, 2005), and congenital rubella syndrome, which may progress to a progressive panencephalitis with seizures, decline in motor function and dementia (Wolinsky, 1988).…”

Section: Medical Work-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of dementia in people with learning disabilities

Torr

2009

Advances in Mental Health and Learning Disabilities

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The dementias are important disorders of ageing which result in cognitive and functional decline, behaviour change, increasing dependency and premature death. Alzheimer's disease and other dementias are at least as prevalent in older people with learning disabilities as in the general population. In addition, people with Down's syndrome have high rates of early onset Alzheimer's disease. Assessment of dementia in people with learning disabilities is confounded by pre-existing cognitive and functional impairments and high rates of comorbid disorders. This paper discusses assessment of dementia in people with learning disabilities from a clinical perspective, with reference to the current evidence base.

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Mapping T‐cell epitopes of rubella virus structural proteins E1, E2, and C recognized by T‐cell lines and clones derived from infected and immunized populations

Chong

Tingle

et al. 1993

Journal of Medical Virology

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To design a safe and effective synthetic peptide vaccine against rubella virus (RV) infection, it is necessary to identify immunodominant T-cell epitopes of RV structural proteins. To define such epitopes, 49 overlapping synthetic peptides (17-34 residues in length) corresponding to more than 95% of the amino acid sequence of RV virion proteins E1 (23 peptides) and C (11 peptides) and all of E2 (15 peptides) were synthesized and tested for their capacities to induce proliferative responses of rubella-specific T-cell lines and T-cell clones derived from 4 study groups (5 women infected with RV in pregnancy, 5 patients with congenital rubella syndrome, 5 seropositive healthy donors, and 5 RV vaccine recipients). The most frequently recognized epitopes were E1-21 (residues 358-377) with 11/20 responders, E2-4 (residues 54-74) with 6/20 responders, and C11 (residues 255-280) with 11/20 responders, respectively. E1-10 (residues 174-193), E1-16 (residues 272-291) and E1-18 (residues 307-326) were responded to strongly by corresponding T-cell clones, and were recognized by 4 or 5 T-cell lines. T-cell lines derived from three congenital rubella syndrome patients did not respond to any of the synthetic peptides. The results showed that more T-cell epitopes were present in E1 (19/23) and C (10/11) than in E2 (8/15). The identification of T cell sites recognized frequently by RV-infected or -immunized populations could provide the basis for selecting candidate T-cell epitopes for the development of an effective synthetic vaccine against rubella.

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Rubella Virus and its Effects on the Developing Nervous System

Cited by 6 publications

References 138 publications

Analysis of T- and B-cell epitopes of capsid protein of rubella virus by using synthetic peptides

Analysis of T- and B-cell epitopes of capsid protein of rubella virus by using synthetic peptides

Assessment of dementia in people with learning disabilities

Mapping T‐cell epitopes of rubella virus structural proteins E1, E2, and C recognized by T‐cell lines and clones derived from infected and immunized populations

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