Rubella Immune Status of Pregnant &amp; Non-pregnant women in Indian Population

Kaushal, Manila; Baxi, Asha

doi:10.5580/2749

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Nonetheless, these findings are similar to findings from other previous studies [13][14][15][16]39,40]. This study found a decreasing prevalence after the age of 39 years, and this may result from waning immunity [46], which is commonly seen following childhood vaccination with MMR vaccine, but has also been reported to develop in women who developed immunity as a result of infection with the wild virus during childhood [46,47]. This group of women have increased risks of re-infection during pregnancy with consequent transmission of the virus to their fetuses, and a CRS rate of up to 8% [48][49][50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These titers are lower than that reported by Adewumi et al from Ibadan, where a median titer of 165U/mL was found with a range of <10-250U/mL [39]. The titers in this study are also lower than that reported by Kaushal et al in an Indian population, where serum IgG titers were above 200U/ml in 11.11% of the study population [42]. Nevertheless, the finding in this study shows that 98.1% of the pregnant women studied had moderate to strong protection against re-infection with the wild type rubella virus.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…An IgM sero-prevalence of 15.8% was found in this study among the pregnant women who were sero-negative for IgG antibodies. This rate is higher than rates reported from Benin (10%) [13], Jos (6.8%) [41], and Makurdi (3.9%) [42], and indicates a recent infection with rubella virus, as none of the women had a history of recent vaccination. Management of these women will include counseling and close monitoring of their pregnancies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

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Sero-prevalence of rubella-specific antibodies in pregnant women attending antenatal care in Maiduguri, north-eastern Nigeria

Adamu Abdullahi Atterwahmie,

Audu Idrisa,

Babagana Bako

2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Context: Rubella is a disease caused by a virus –rubella virus. Major obstetrics concerns are profound effects of the virus on developing fetuses, which may result in multiple congenital malformations. Although vaccination has reduced the incidence of rubella virus substantially; the world health organization (WHO) estimated that more than 100,000 cases of congenital rubella syndrome occur each year worldwide, most of them in developing countries. Diagnosis of rubella cannot be made on clinical grounds alone due to lack of specific symptoms or signs that are unique to the disease. Laboratory confirmation of suspected cases is done based on the detection of the presence of immunoglobulin M (IgM) during the acute illness or a significant rise in rubella – immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titres in the serum of previously infected individuals. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the antenatal clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Maiduguri, Borno State, North-Eastern Nigeria. Eligible women who presented for booking for antenatal care at the hospital were recruited. Their bio-data, educational status, and history of vaccination with measles and previous obstetrics outcomes were obtained. Five milliliters of venous blood was taken and the serum obtained from the sample was analyzed for anti-rubella IgG antibodies. The samples that were negative for IgG were tested for IgM antibodies. Data obtained analyzed using the statistical package for social science SPSS v16.0.0 (Sept 13, 2007) Inc, Illinois, USA. Results: There were 459 pregnant women who consented and participated in the study. Their age range is 17-43 years (mean= 25.8±5.3). There were 280 (61.0%) patients who were multiparous (mean=3.5±2.1) and women with secondary education accounted for 39.4%. Four hundred twenty-one women (91.7%) women tested positive for rubella-specific IgG antibodies, and of the remaining 38 women, 6 (15.8%) were positive for IgM rubella-specific antibody. Most of the patients (98.1%) with positive IgG had serum titers in the range of 51-150U/mL. All the patients with positive IgM antibodies were followed up till birth, all the pregnancies were carried to term and none of the neonates was found to have any congenital malformation. None of the socio-demographic characteristics were found to be significantly associated with presence of IgG antibodies. Past history of abortions and congenital cataracts were significantly associated with IgG sero-positivity. Conclusion: The sero-prevalence of anti-rubella IgG sero-positivity is high in Maiduguri and this indicates high herd immunity. The number of pregnant women requiring rubella vaccination postpartum in also large. It is recommended that inclusion of rubella vaccination in the National programme on Immunization protocol will be cost effective in the control of rubella and CRS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

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Sero-prevalence of rubella-specific antibodies in pregnant women attending antenatal care in Maiduguri, north-eastern Nigeria

Adamu Abdullahi Atterwahmie,

Audu Idrisa,

Babagana Bako

2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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“…Out of 646 participants enrolled during the study period, a total of 502 pregnant women had a second-trimester serum samples available for testing. The mean maternal age was 29.7 years (range 17-44 years, SD 6.3), with a median of 29.5 (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). Women in the 17-24 and 25-34 years age groups accounted for 23.1% and 52.4%, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella seroprevalence among pregnant women in the region of Rabat, Morocco: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesThe aim of the present research is to update data on the seroprevalence of rubella and to identify the associated risk factors among pregnant women in the Rabat region of Morocco in order to take immediate action to monitor the virus.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted at Ibn Sina University Hospital and at referral healthcare centres in the region of Rabat.ParticipantsA total of 502 pregnant women (mean age 29.7±6.3 years, range 17–44 years) attending the maternity department during 8 months were selected for serological testing.Outcome measuresA structured questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic, reproductive and clinical characteristics after obtaining written informed consent. Venous blood samples were collected to determine rubella-specific IgG antibodies using an automated chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (ARCHITECT i1000SR and i2000SR, Abbott Diagnostics).ResultsAntirubella IgG antibodies (≥10 IU/mL) were found in 408 (85.9%) pregnant women examined. The rate of susceptibility to rubella virus infection among pregnant women was found to be 14.1%. These protective rates were found to differ significantly between uneducated pregnant women (80.9%) and those with university-level education (95.5%) (p=0.02). Pregnant women in the 17–24, 25–34 and 35–44 years age groups accounted for 92.5%, 85.2% and 82.8%, respectively (p=0.015). Also, IgG seropositivity status was found to differ significantly between multiparous (83.3%) and primiparous (92.5%) pregnant women (p=0.01). None of the other characteristics was significantly associated with rubella infections.ConclusionVaccination programmes need to be updated to ensure that campaigns reach their specified goals. Thus, implementing an effective, large-scale screening programme for congenital rubella infection in different regions of Morocco is highly recommended. On the other hand, seronegative pregnant women should be given special preventive care and health education about rubella transmission and congenital rubella syndrome sequelae.

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“…[1] Previous studies showing this relationship may have resulted from false positive tests due to cross-reacting specific IgG produced following infection with other non-common viruses, such as Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstain Barr Virus (EBV), and human parvovirus B19. [38][39][40][41][42] Generally, when infection with rubella is clinically suspected, laboratory tests should include those for the CMV, EBV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), toxoplasmosis, syphilis and Zika virus. [15,47] One of the children (16.7%) tested negative for both IgG and IgM rubella antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-point evaluation of children exposed to rubella infection In Utero in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria: A follow-up Study

Adamu Abdullah Atterwahmie,

Usman Sunusi Usman,

Halima Umar Ibrahim

et al. 2024

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Background: Rubella is a disease caused by a virus, rubella virus. Major obstetrics concerns are profound effects of the virus on developing fetuses, which may result in multiple congenital malformations. Although vaccination has reduced the incidence of rubella virus substantially; the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that more than 100,000 cases of congenital rubella syndrome occur each year worldwide, most of them in developing countries. Diagnosis of rubella cannot be made on clinical grounds alone due to lack of specific symptoms or signs that are unique to the disease. Women infected with rubella during pregnancy are at increased risk of developing complication for the women and their fetuses. Some of these complications may not present at birth, but several years during childhood and later in life. Methodology: The main rubella sero-prevalence study was conducted in 2013, at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), Maiduguri, Borno State, North-Eastern Nigeria. This is a follow-up descriptive study. The children of women who had significant titres of Immunoglobulin M antibodies, and who were negative for Immunoglobulin G antibodies were followed during their pregnancies and childbirth. The children born to these women who acquired rubella virus infection in mid pregnancy were reviewed at 10-11 years of age, and their current state of health is reported. Their biodata, educational status, rubella serostatus, state of health, and history of vaccination with measles were obtained. Results: There were 459 pregnant women who consented and participated in the main sero-prevalence study. Four hundred twenty-one women (91.7%) women tested positive for rubella-specific IgG antibodies, and of the remaining 38 women, 6 (15.8%) were positive for IgM rubella-specific antibody. All the patients with positive IgM antibodies were followed up till birth. All the pregnancies were carried to term and delivered in hospital. None of the neonates was found to have any congenital malformation at birth. At 10 years review of the six (6) children, 1 (16.7%) child developed cataract. None of the children developed cardiac, ear, or other complications of rubella. Five (5) children (83.3%) tested positive for both IgG, one (1) was negative (the child with cataract) for rubella antibodies. None had IgM rubella antibodies. All the children were enrolled in schools and their performance is at least average of their peers. Conclusion: None of the known types of congenital rubella syndrome was found in this study, this may be as a result of smaller number of infected pregnancies. It is recommended that inclusion of rubella vaccination in the National programme on Immunization protocol will be cost effective in the prevention of rubella-associated complication in children.

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Rubella Immune Status of Pregnant & Non-pregnant women in Indian Population

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Sero-prevalence of rubella-specific antibodies in pregnant women attending antenatal care in Maiduguri, north-eastern Nigeria

Sero-prevalence of rubella-specific antibodies in pregnant women attending antenatal care in Maiduguri, north-eastern Nigeria

Rubella seroprevalence among pregnant women in the region of Rabat, Morocco: a cross-sectional study

One-point evaluation of children exposed to rubella infection In Utero in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria: A follow-up Study

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