Rubella, 1962

Fry, Joe; Dillane, J.B.; Fry, Lucia

doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5308.833

Cited by 32 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In a description by Fry et al (1962) of the 1962 epidemic in a large London suburban practice about 5 % of all women of child-bearing age were actually seen with rubella, and it was estimated that the true attack rate was probably half as great again. Fry (personal communication, 1966) reported that in 156 families with a case of rubella 250 women aged 17-44 were at risk and 39 (15.6%) developed the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even so, by the end of 1960 only 9,556 doses had been issued, mostly during times of low prevalence. In 1961 the demand increased and 6,565 doses were issued; this was followed in 1962 by what appeared to be a severe and widespread epidemic (Fry et al, 1962), during which 20,456 doses were distributed. The study reported in this paper is confined to the period 1956-62, during which 35,825 doses were issued.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gammaglobulin in prevention of rubella and congenital defect: a study of 30,000 pregnancies.

McDonald¹,

Cs²

1967

BMJ

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Gammaglobulin has been available to doctors in England and Wales since 1954 for the protection of pregnant women exposed to rubella. An analysis of results obtained during the period 1954-61 showed a reduction in the attack rates, but the more important question of whether congenital defects were also prevented could not be examined at that time (McDonald, 1963). Since then the isolation of rubella virus and the development of serological tests for antibody have enabled many aspects of the problem to be investigated with more precision. In a study of the effects of gammaglobulin on artificially induced rubella in volunteers Green et al. (1964) None of these findings is of much assistance to the pregnant woman or her doctor since they are compatible with optimistic and pessimistic interpretations. Quite modest doses of gammaglobulin may not only reduce risk of infection and clinical illness in the mother but protect the foetus should these occur; moreover, gammaglobulin might protect the foetus from other teratogenic agents. On the other hand, it has been argued that gammaglobulin may at most obscure the symptoms of rubella and do nothing to prevent viraemia or damage to the foetus, so giving rise to a false sense of security, which is worse than useless. This paper, which is mainly concerned with the outcome of pregnancy in women who have received gammaglobulin, throws some light on these questions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gammaglobulin in prevention of rubella and congenital defect: a study of 30,000 pregnancies.

McDonald¹,

Cs²

1967

BMJ

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“…In one report of young females over 50% developed acute polyarthritis.4 A recent British study of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine found no cases of arthritis among 12023 immunised children, based on a diary of symptoms kept by their parents for 21 days after immunisation. 2 These results need to be interpreted with some caution. Firstly, data were analysed for only 7831 children (65% of the cohort) and, more importantly, specific questions relating to joint symptoms were not asked of the parents.…”

Section: Cause Of Joint Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Joint and limb symptoms in children after immunisation with measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.

Benjamin

Chew

Silman

1992

BMJ

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Objective-To assess whether the combined measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine increases the incidence of joint and limb symptoms in young children.Design-Comparison of six week recalled incidence of symptoms in two groups of children: children who had been immunised at the start of the six weeks, and children eligible for immunisation but who had not received it.Setting-South Manchester Health Authority.

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“…In his inaugural lecture as professor of art history at Cambridge University in 1933, the distinguished critic Roger Fry declared that « we have such a crying need for systematic study in which scientific methods will be followed wherever possible, where at all events the scientific attitude may be fostered and the sentimental attitude discouraged » 70 . In the spirit of Fry's appeal, the present investigation has carried out a systematic analysis of a body of data created by art scholars, using evidence drawn from published surveys of French modern art.…”

Section: The Masterpiece Of the Unknown Artistmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Masters and Masterpieces

Galenson¹

2002

histoiremesure

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In 1962, art historian George Kubler remarked that « the modern professional humanist is an academic person who pretends to despise measurement because of its 'scientific' nature, » and although the passage of four decades has now produced exceptions to Kubler's generalization in some disciplines within the humanities, art history is not prominent among them 1 . In 1998, for example, curator Robert Storr of New York's Museum of Modern Art could declare that an artist's success « is completely unquantifiable » 2 . Yet Storr's belief is mistaken. As in other disciplines, quantitative evidence in art history has proven useful not only for constructing explanations, but for identifying problems to be explained. One recent study, for example, not only quantified artistic success, but helped to reveal an underlying structure of the creative process that deepens our understanding of the achievements of individual painters. The present paper extends this investigation, testing its conclusions by extending its analysis to a new body of data.The earlier study used a quantitative analysis of the illustrations contained in published surveys of modern art to produce measurements of art historians' own judgments of the relative importance of modern French painters, and paintings 3 . That study drew its Measuring Masters and Masterpieces Histoire & mesure, XVII -1/2 | 2002

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Rubella, 1962

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Gammaglobulin in prevention of rubella and congenital defect: a study of 30,000 pregnancies.

Gammaglobulin in prevention of rubella and congenital defect: a study of 30,000 pregnancies.

Joint and limb symptoms in children after immunisation with measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine.

Measuring Masters and Masterpieces

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