Rubber toughening of syndiotactic polystyrene and poly/(styrene/diphenylethylene)

Ramsteiner, F.; McKee, G. E.; Heckmann, W.; Oepen, S.; Geprägs, Michael

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00863-0

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Under these conditions the membrane melted and lost its fibrous integrity. This was not surprising as PS is known to soften and turn into a form that flows17 when it is heated above its glass transition temperature of approximately 90 °C, depending on the molecular weight and thickness of the sample. The press temperature was systematically lowered to determine the optimum temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Electrospun Gas Diffusion Nanofibre‐membranes in the Determination of Dissolved Carbon Dioxide

Truong¹,

O’Bryan²,

McKelvie³

et al. 2013

Macro Materials & Eng

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This study demonstrates the first time use of electrospun nanofibrous hydrophobic membranes as gas diffusion (GD) membranes in flow injection analysis (FIA) for the determination of carbon dioxide. Different electrospun membranes are prepared from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polystyrene (PS) polymers. To impart structural integrity for PVDF membrane, the addition of 1,4‐butanediol dimethacrylate (BDDMA) is used to form an interpenetrating network, while for PS membranes are spot welded with heat‐pressing at 80 °C. Heat pressed PS membranes are shown to have the best analytical sensitivity among other electrospun membranes and performed as well as the commercial PP membrane. A correlation is observed between the thickness of heat pressed PS membranes and analytical sensitivity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Electrospun Gas Diffusion Nanofibre‐membranes in the Determination of Dissolved Carbon Dioxide

Truong¹,

O’Bryan²,

McKelvie³

et al. 2013

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…Improvement of these properties of sPS would certainly widen the spectrum of applications. Our survey of literature revealed that a few studies have been conducted to improve the impact strength of sPS 8–12…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of crystalline microstructure near the particle/matrix interface on the toughening of syndiotactic polystyrene/polyamide‐6 blends

Kang

Nair

Yang

et al. 2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Toughening behavior of semicrystalline polymers was investigated using syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS)/polyamide 6(PA-6) blends compatibilized with maleic-anhydride functionalized poly (styrene-b-(ethyleneco-butylene)-b-styrene) SEBS-MA triblock copolymer. The effect of interparticle distance and crystal microstructure near the particle/matrix interface of the blends were studied. The morphology studies revealed that the size and interparticle distance of the dispersed PA-6 particles decreased with increasing SEBS-MA concentration. sPS/ PA-6 blends exhibited sharp brittle-ductile transitions at a critical interparticle distance of 0.25 lm. With the increase of the compatibilizer concentration beyond a certain level, it was observed that the further addition resulted in decreased impact strength. This could be attributed to the formation of a separate phase in the matrix by the additional SEBS added. The TEM studies showed that when the interparticle distance is below 0.25 lm, the matrix ligaments between the inclusions will be filled with welloriented crystalline material of reduced plastic resistance. From DSC and X-ray diffraction studies of model thin films, it was found that the fraction of small and imperfect crystallites near the particle/matrix interface increased with decreasing interparticle distance. This resulted in decreased yield stress of the whole matrix with increasing concentration of SEBS-MA accompanied by changes in the fracture mode from brittle to tough.

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“…However, to suppress the brittleness of sPS, small particles of immiscible elastomers may be incorporated (10–20%) that initiate plastic microdeformations. To this end, sPS has been blended with ethylene–propylene rubber,13 thermoplastic polyurethane,14 a hydrogenated styrene–butadiene–styrene block copolymer (Kraton G1651),15 and a styrene–ethylene/butene–styrene block copolymer (Kraton G1652) 16. Moreover, blends of sPS with various thermoplastics have recently been prepared via melt mixing, such as sPS/high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)17, 18 and sPS/polyamide 6 (PA6) 19, 20.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous polyamide 66/syndiotactic polystyrene blends: Phase structure and thermal and mechanical properties

Kolařı́k

Fambri

Šlouf

et al. 2005

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The structural and physical properties of polyamide 66 (PA66)/syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) blends were studied with electron microscopy, wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and tensile creep, stress-strain, and impact measurements. Attention was primarily concentrated on blends with sPS weight fractions (w 2 ) in the range of 0 Ͻ w 2 Յ 0.50. DSC and WAXS showed that the integral crystallinity of the PA66 and sPS components in the blends was virtually unaffected by the blend composition. Polymorphism of sPS was observed for blends with w 2 Ն 0.50. Blends with 0.40 Յ w 2 Յ 0.60 consisted of partially cocontinuous components; otherwise, particles of the minority component were dispersed in the continuous majority component. The compatibilizer enhanced interfacial adhesion so that no debonding of the components in the fractured blends was observed. The compliance and creep rate of the blends at room temperature decreased proportionally to the sPS fraction; a corresponding increase in the storage modulus (EЈ) was observed in the 25-100°C interval. However, EЈ (125°C) noticeably declined with w 2 and thus showed that sPS did not improve the dimensional stability of the blends at elevated temperatures. The yield strength consistently grew with w 2 , whereas the yield strain dropped markedly; blends with w 2 Ն 0.60 were brittle, showing very low values of the ultimate properties. The stress at break, strain at break, and tensile energy to break displayed some local maxima at 0.25 Յ w 2 Յ 0.30, whereas the tensile impact strength steeply decreased.

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Rubber toughening of syndiotactic polystyrene and poly/(styrene/diphenylethylene)

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Application of Electrospun Gas Diffusion Nanofibre‐membranes in the Determination of Dissolved Carbon Dioxide

Application of Electrospun Gas Diffusion Nanofibre‐membranes in the Determination of Dissolved Carbon Dioxide

Effect of crystalline microstructure near the particle/matrix interface on the toughening of syndiotactic polystyrene/polyamide‐6 blends

Heterogeneous polyamide 66/syndiotactic polystyrene blends: Phase structure and thermal and mechanical properties

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