Rubber phase dispersion in polypropylene

Dao, K. C.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(84)90121-6

Cited by 97 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…3(a), fine particles ranging from 50 to 150 nm are observed. These structures are even finer than those typically reported in the literature [17][18][19][20][21][22]. As the concentration of the EPDM phase is increased to 20% it can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 44%

“…These results clearly indicate, in the viscosity ratio range used in this work, that the dispersed EPDM phase in EPDM/PP blends forms nano-scale fibers and challenges the current view of EPDM being dispersed as spherical particles in PP [18][19][20][51][52][53][54].…”

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 77%

“…Number average particle sizes as low as 0.2 mm have been reported in the literature for blends prepared via melt mixing [17][18][19][20][21][22] making this one of the finest blend morphologies reported in the polymer blend literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Typically in the literature, low concentrations of dispersed EPDM in PP blends are considered to be composed of spherical droplets dispersed in a PP matrix [18][19][20][51][52][53][54]. However, it is very difficult to infer the shape of the minor phase from 2-dimensional micrographs.…”

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension

Bhadane

Champagne

Huneault

et al. 2006

Polymer

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Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension AbstractPhase continuity development and co-continuous morphologies are highly influenced by the nature of the interface in immiscible polymer blends. Blends of ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP) possess an interfacial tension of about 0.3 mN/m and provide an interesting model system to study the detailed morphology development in a very low interfacial tension binary system. A variety of blends with viscosity ratios of 0.2-5.0 and shear stresses of 11.7-231.4 kPa were considered. Using a variety of sophisticated morphology protocols it is shown that at low blend compositions, the dispersed phase actually exists as stable fibers of extremely small diameter of 50-200 nm and the continuity develops by fiber-fiber coalescence. An analysis using break-up times from Tomotika theory also supports the notion of highly stable dispersed fiber formation. These results challenge the current view of the dispersed phase as small spherical droplets. It is shown, under these conditions, that a seven-fold variation in the viscosity ratio has virtually no influence on % continuity or morphology, while a large change in the matrix shear stress from 11.7 to 90.9 kPa has an important effect on pore diameter. Both sides of the continuity diagram are studied and highly symmetrical continuity behavior is observed with composition. In fact a single master continuity curve is observed for these blends varying in viscosity ratio from 0.7-5.0 and with shear stresses from 11.7-90.9 kPa. Although the glass transition temperatures indicate that these materials are completely immiscible after melt mixing and cooling, it is shown that the blends demonstrate the morphological features of a partially miscible system. These results support a concept that the blend was partially miscible during melt blending, at which time the gross morphological features of the blend were developed, but becomes fully phase separated upon cooling. It appears that the quenching of the EPDM/PP blend from the melt is rapid enough to preserve the imprint of that partial miscibility on the gross blend morphology. q

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Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension

Bhadane

Champagne

Huneault

et al. 2006

Polymer

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“…be further improved by dynamic vulcanization. 2 The dynamically cured thermoplastic elastomer blends have been widely used in plastic industry [3][4][5] and melt mixing at 180ЊC for 10 min in the internal mixer of a torque rheometer, HAAKE RHEO-CORD RC-90 using roller rotors. The charge obtained from Indian Petrochemicals Corpn., Ltd.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the dynamically vulcanized polypropylene (PP)/butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS) blends: Mechanical properties

Saroop

Mathur

1997

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Unvulcanized and dynamically vulcanized blends of isotactic polypropylene (PP) and butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS) in the composition range of 10-40 wt % SBS were prepared by melt mixing in an internal mixer and evaluated for impact and tensile properties. Dynamic vulcanization of blends gave superior mechanical properties. Systematic changes with varying blend composition were found in stress-strain behavior in both the blend systems. The effect of blend composition on the state of dispersion and morphology of the dispersed phase droplets were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Analysis of the yield stress data in terms of various theoretical models revealed the variation of stress concentration effect with blend composition and higher interphase adhesion in dynamically vulcanized blends.

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Studies on dynamically vulcanized polypropylene (PP)/butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS) blends: Crystallization and thermal behavior

Saroop

Mathur

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Crystallization of polypropylene (PP) in unvulcanized blends of PP with the butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) was studied through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction measurements in the composition range of 0 -40 wt % SBS content. Analysis of the crystallization exotherms revealed variation in the crystallization behavior, crystallinity, and crystalline morphology of the PP component in the blends at various levels of SBS concentration. The crystallinity determined by X-ray diffraction and DSC showed identical variations with the blend composition. The tensile and thermal properties of the blends were studied in the entire composition range. Correlations of the tensile properties with the crystallization parameters of the PP component in the blends are also presented.

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Rubber phase dispersion in polypropylene

Cited by 97 publications

References 7 publications

Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension

Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension

Studies on the dynamically vulcanized polypropylene (PP)/butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS) blends: Mechanical properties

Studies on dynamically vulcanized polypropylene (PP)/butadiene styrene block copolymer (SBS) blends: Crystallization and thermal behavior

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