rTMS STIMULATION ON LEFT DLPFC AFFECTS EMOTIONAL CUE RETRIEVAL AS A FUNCTION OF ANXIETY LEVEL AND GENDER

Balconi, Michela; Ferrari, Chiara

doi:10.1002/da.21968

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These psychological functions have relevance to the symptoms of depression, and may explain why the change in structure in this region was correlated with change in depression severity. Several studies have shown that TMS at the left DLPFC in healthy volunteers increase their ability to cognitively assess emotional cues [48, 49]. This effect is consistent with this change in the anterior cingulate cortex.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Induces Brain Morphological Changes in Regions Associated with a Treatment Resistant Major Depressive Episode: An Exploratory Analysis

et al. 2016

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Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is an FDA-approved antidepressant treatment but little is known of its mechanism of action. Specifically, downstream effects of TMS remain to be elucidated. Objective/Hypothesis To identify brain structural changes from TMS treatment of a treatment resistant depressive episode through an exploratory analysis Methods 27 subjects in a DSM-IV current major depressive episode and on a stable medication regimen, had a 3T magnetic resonance T1 structural scan before and after five weeks of standard TMS treatment to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. 27 healthy volunteer (HVs) subjects had the same brain MRI acquisition. Voxel-based morphometry was performed using high dimensional non-linear diffusomorphic anatomical registration (DARTEL). Results Six clusters of grey matter volume (GMV) that were lower in pre-treatment MRI’s of depressed subjects than in HV’s. GMV in four of these regions increased in MDD after TMS treatment by 3.5% to 11.2%. The four brain regions that changed with treatment were centered in the left anterior cingulate cortex, the left insula, the left superior temporal gyrus and the right angular gyrus. Increases in the anterior cingulate GMV with TMS correlated with improvement in depression severity. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study of brain structural changes during TMS treatment of depression. The affected brain areas are involved in cognitive appraisal, decision-making and subjective experience of emotion. These effects may have potential relevance for the antidepressant action of TMS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Induces Brain Morphological Changes in Regions Associated with a Treatment Resistant Major Depressive Episode: An Exploratory Analysis

et al. 2016

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“…Reduction of DLPFC volume has been found in patients with major depressive disorder (Grieve et al, 2013; Lai, 2013). More specifically, the left DLPFC was proposed to be specifically involved in responding to positively-valenced stimuli (Pizzagalli et al, 2005; Balconi and Ferrari, 2012a,b), and reduced left vs. right lateral PFC activation may underlie the affect regulation deficits in depressed individuals (Mathersul et al, 2008; Briceño et al, 2013). Given brooding refers to a tendency to maintain attention to negative stimuli (Joormann et al, 2006), high-brooders would tend to experience greater difficulties in disengaging from negative information, possibly due to lower efficiency of DLPFC functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neuroanatomical Basis of Two Subcomponents of Rumination: A VBM Study

Sin

Shao

Geng

et al. 2018

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Rumination is a trait that includes two subcomponents, namely brooding and reflective pondering, respectively construed as maladaptive and adaptive response styles to negative experiences. Existing evidence indicates that rumination in general is associated with structural and functional differences in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). However, conclusive evidence on the specific neural structural basis of each of the two subcomponents is lacking. In this voxel-based morphometry study, we investigated the independent and specific neural structural basis of brooding and reflective pondering in 30 healthy young adults, who belonged to high or low brooding or reflective pondering groups. Consistent with past research, modest but significant positive correlation was found between brooding and reflective pondering. When controlling for reflective pondering, high-brooding group showed increased gray matter volumes in the left DLPFC and ACC. Further analysis on extracted gray matter values showed that gray matter of the same DLPFC and ACC regions also showed significant negative effects of reflective pondering. Taken together, our findings indicate that the two subcomponents of rumination might share some common processes yet also have distinct neural basis. In view of the significant roles of the left DLPFC and ACC in attention and self-related emotional processing/regulation, our findings provide insight into how the potentially shared and distinct cognitive, affective and neural processes of brooding and reflective pondering can be extended to clinical populations to further elucidate the neurobehavioral relationships between rumination and prefrontal abnormality.

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“…Indeed, anxiety level was previously found to be a significant effect of the personality component in emotional cue detection [19][20][21]. Therefore, we intend shown that the frontal cortical area may be implicated in the anomalous implementation of attentional control over threat-related stimuli [22].…”

Section: Tms (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation)mentioning

confidence: 64%

Transcranial magnetic stimulation modulates left premotor cortex activity in facial expression recognition as a function of anxiety level

Balconi¹,

Canavesio

Finocchiaro³

2014

Translational Neuroscience

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Recognition of emotional facial expressions is based on simulation and mirroring processes, and the premotor cortex is supposed to support this simulation mechanism. The role of this prefrontal area in processing emotional faces with different valence (anger, fear, happiness and neutral) was explored taking into account the effect of the lateralization model (more right-side activation for negative emotions; more left-side activation for positive emotions) of face processing and anxiety level (high vs low). High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS, 10 Hz) was applied to the left prefrontal area to induce an increased activation response within the left premotor cortex. Twenty-nine subjects, who were divided into two different groups depending on their anxiety level (high/low anxiety; State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI), were asked to detect emotion / no emotion. Accuracy (AcI) and response times (RTs) were considered in response to the experimental conditions. A general significant increased performance was found in response to positive emotions in the case of left-side stimulation. Moreover, whereas high-anxiety subjects revealed a significant negative-valence bias in absence of stimulation, they showed a more significant AcI increasing and RTs decreasing in response to positive emotions in case of left premotor brain activation. The present results highlight the role of the premotor system for facial expression processing as a function of emotional type, supporting the existence of a valence-specific lateralized system within the prefrontal area. Finally, a sort of "restoring effect" induced by TMS was suggested for high-anxiety subjects.

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rTMS STIMULATION ON LEFT DLPFC AFFECTS EMOTIONAL CUE RETRIEVAL AS A FUNCTION OF ANXIETY LEVEL AND GENDER

Abstract: These results suggested that left DLPFC activation favors the memory retrieval of positive emotional information and may limit the "unbalance effect" induced by a right frontal hemispheric superiority in high levels of anxiety.

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Induces Brain Morphological Changes in Regions Associated with a Treatment Resistant Major Depressive Episode: An Exploratory Analysis

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Induces Brain Morphological Changes in Regions Associated with a Treatment Resistant Major Depressive Episode: An Exploratory Analysis

The Neuroanatomical Basis of Two Subcomponents of Rumination: A VBM Study

Transcranial magnetic stimulation modulates left premotor cortex activity in facial expression recognition as a function of anxiety level

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