RSSDI-ESI Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 2020

Chawla, Rajeev; Madhu, Sri Venkata; Makkar, Brij; Ghosh, Sujoy; Saboo, Banshi; Kalra, Sanjay

doi:10.1007/s13410-020-00819-2

Cited by 83 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 797 publications

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“…In addition, the mean T2DM lastingness at 38-months follow-up was 15 (3) years in −DR patients vs. 22 (5) years for the +DR patients. Nevertheless, additional factors also play critical roles in managing DR at any stage [1][2][3][4][5][6]19,[26][27][28], with a special interest in diabetics without clinically detectable retinopathy and those suffering from the early DR stage [37,38]. When corrected, these data for multiple testing, significantly lowered SLC23A2 gene expression (fold change) in the T2DM vs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues

et al. 2020

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and ROS-signaling pathways activation attack the eyes. We evaluated the oxidative stress (OS) and the effects of a daily, core nutritional supplement regimen containing antioxidants and omega 3 fatty acids (A/ω3) in type 2 diabetics (T2DM). A case-control study was carried out in 480 participants [287 T2DM patients with (+)/without (−) diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 193 healthy controls (CG)], randomly assigned to a daily pill of A/ω3. Periodic evaluation through 38 months allowed to outline patient characteristics, DR features, and classic/OS blood parameters. Statistics were performed by the SPSS 24.0 program. Diabetics displayed significantly higher circulating pro-oxidants (p = 0.001) and lower antioxidants (p = 0.0001) than the controls. Significantly higher plasma malondialdehyde/thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (MDA/TBARS; p = 0.006) and lower plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC; p = 0.042) and vitamin C (0.020) was found in T2DM + DR versus T2DM-DR. The differential expression profile of solute carrier family 23 member 2 (SLC23A2) gene was seen in diabetics versus the CG (p = 0.001), and in T2DM + DR versus T2DM − DR (p < 0.05). The A/ω3 regime significantly reduced the pro-oxidants (p < 0.05) and augmented the antioxidants (p < 0.05). This follow-up study supports that a regular A/ω3 supplementation reduces the oxidative load and may serve as a dietary prophylaxis/adjunctive intervention for patients at risk of diabetic blindness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues

et al. 2020

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“…In addition to all routine immunisations recommended for the general population, the American Diabetes Association provides additional recommendations for the use of pneumococcal, influenza and hepatitis B vaccines in individuals with diabetes [ 57 ]. Attempts have been made to formulate similar recommendations for India also [ 58 , 59 ] ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Vaccinations In Patients With Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attempts have been made to formulate similar recommendations for India also [ 58 , 59 ] ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Vaccinations In Patients With Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections and diabetes: Risks and mitigation with reference to India

Unnikrishnan

Misra

2020

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Revi

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Background and aims The link between diabetes and increased risk of infectious disease has long been recognized, but has re-entered sharp focus following the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed for articles in English on diabetes and infection. Results Diabetes predisposes to infections through alterations in innate and acquired immune defenses. Outcomes of infection are worse in people with uncontrolled diabetes, and infection can worsen hyperglycemia in hitherto well controlled diabetes (bidirectional relationship). Diabetes does not increase the risk of infection with COVID-19 per se, but predisposes to severe disease and poor outcomes. COVID-19 has also been linked to deterioration of glycemic control as well as new-onset diabetes. Conclusions Clinicians caring for people with diabetes should be aware of the increased risk of infections in this population, as well as the possibility of worsening hyperglycemia. A holistic approach with frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels and appropriate titration of medications, along with close attention to nutritional status, is essential to ensure the best possible outcomes.

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“…O diagnóstico ocorre pela detecção de níveis elevados de glicose no sangue (hiperglicemia) 5 . A detecção precoce de diabetes/ pré-diabetes por meio de triagem aumenta a probabilidade de identificação de indivíduos assintomáticos e pode promover a oferta de tratamento adequado para reduzir o fardo do diabetes e suas complicações 6 . Portanto, após a identificação da hiperglicemia, o controle glicêmico é fundamental, podendo ajudar a direcionar a assistência ao indivíduo, diminuindo o tempo de internação, complicações clínicas e taxas de morbimortalidade 7 .…”

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Glycemic control in diabetes mellitus in patients assisted by a university hospital in the state of Piauí (Brazil)

Neto¹,

Santos²,

Silva³

et al. 2020

Rev Bras Farm Hosp Serv Saude

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Objectives: To investigate glycemic control in outpatient clinics at a university hospital, as well as to correlate HbA1c with fasting glucose and post-prandial glycemia, in order to assess which variable best correlates with an HbA1c. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, with data that were collected from electronic medical records, from the random consultation of the medical of the blood glucose measurement. To check glycemic control, the parameters defined by the Brazilian Diabetes Society (2017-2018) were used: fasting glucose <100 mg / dL, HbA1c <7% and postprandial glucose <160 mg / dL. A statistical analysis was performed with the aid of the SPSS® program (version 13.0), adopting p <0.05 as the level of statistical significance. Results: 250 medical records were applied, with the average age of the participants being 60.1 ± 12.9 years (87 men and 163 women). A fasting glycemia was altered beyond the recommended in 80.8% of the individuals evaluated, HbA1c in 45.2% of the cases and 66% of the participants in the study possessed postprandial glycemia in addition to the recommended goals. The correlation between HbA1c/fasting blood glucose (rs= 0.74) and HbA1c/postprandial blood glucose (rs = 0.60) was, respectively, strong and moderate. Conclusions: With this study, it was possible to verify that a significant portion of the limits of use did not have good glycemic control. The correlation between fasting glucose and HbA1c confirmed that HbA1c is the best parameter for monitoring blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus. In addition, the fasting blood glucose / HbA1c correlation showed greater strength in the postprandial blood glucose / HbA1c correlation.

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RSSDI-ESI Clinical Practice Recommendations for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 2020

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Cited by 83 publications

References 797 publications

Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues

Clinical and Molecular-Genetic Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Antioxidant Strategies and Future Avenues

Infections and diabetes: Risks and mitigation with reference to India

Glycemic control in diabetes mellitus in patients assisted by a university hospital in the state of Piauí (Brazil)

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