RSHSC-Routing Algorithm Based on Simplified Harmony Search and Coding for UWSNs

Abstract

With the development of wireless networks and increasingly interest of people in underwater resources and environment, UWSNs are being paid more and more attention. Because of the characteristics of underwater channel and acoustic signal, the protocols used in the terrestrial networks cannot be directly used in UWSNs. In this paper, a reliable and energy-efficient routing protocol based on SHS and coding, called RSHSC, is proposed. Firstly, regular nodes are assigned to cluster heads according to simplified harmony search algorithm. Secondly, partial network encoding is introduced and the next two-hop information is considered when data packets are transmitted to sink nodes from the source node. Only the best next-hop forwards data packets. All data packets from neighbor nodes are used for decoding. Thirdly, two schemes of updating routing are designed and compared. Lastly, extensive simulations prove RSHSC is effective in improving reliability and decreasing energy consumption.

Shortest Path Routing Protocol Based on the Vertical Angle for Underwater Acoustic Networks

“…In RE-PBR, the forwarder node is selected according to depth, link eminence, and enduring energy constraint. In [22], we proposed a routing algorithm based on simplified harmony search and coding (RSHSC). In RSHSC, the harmony search algorithm and coding are adopted, which improves the packets delivery rate and shortens end-to-end delay.…”

“…(2) Delay Analysis. The propagation delays of a data packet from the ith hop to the sink node using SPRVA, denoted by ( ), using RE-PBR, denoted by ( ), are shown as formulas (21) and (22). Here, is the angle formed by the vertical direction and the best next-hop selected according to SPRVA.…”