RSFQ-based D/A converter for AC voltage standard

Sasaki, Hirokazu; Kiryu, Shogo; Hirayama, Fuminori; Kikuchi, Tsuneo; Maezawa, M.; Shoji, Akira; Polonsky, S.

doi:10.1109/77.783799

Cited by 45 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…On the other hand, quantum voltage generation based on the Josephson effects is the crucial advantage of Josephson DACs for metrology, i.e. AC voltage standards [3–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

9 bit superconductive single‐flux‐quantum digital‐to‐analogue converter

et al. 2014

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The design and operation of a 9 bit superconductive single-fluxquantum (SFQ) digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) are presented. The DAC comprises a 9 bit variable SFQ pulse number multiplier and a 100-fold voltage multiplier. An SFQ pulse-frequency modulation technique is employed for coding the analogue output voltage. The DAC is fabricated using an Nb Josephson integration technology. Its output voltage waveform, the amplitude of which is up to 2.54 mV pp , is controlled by digital input signals from a room-temperature data generator.Introduction: For the past few decades, superconductive Josephson digital-to-analogue converters (DACs) have been developed for radiofrequency (RF) transmit applications and for metrological applications. High conversion rates are important performance indices in RF signal processing [1,2]. On the other hand, quantum voltage generation based on the Josephson effects is the crucial advantage of Josephson DACs for metrology, i.e. AC voltage standards [3-6].Among the several types of Josephson DACs proposed for metrological applications, single-flux-quantum (SFQ)-based DACs are expected to synthesise AC voltage waveforms of high frequencies beyond 1 MHz, because of their ultra-fast digital signal processing [7,8]. Recently, we have demonstrated several voltage waveform generators comprising a DAC of the SFQ pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) type [9][10][11]. Their resolutions and voltage amplitudes were limited to 6 bits and 0.25 mV pp , respectively, whereas they were designed to generate specific (not arbitrary) voltage waveforms.Following our previous results, we have tried to extend the resolution and voltage amplitude of an SFQ-PFM DAC itself by up to 9 bits and 2.5 mV pp , the design and operation of which are described in this Letter. The circuits were fabricated using an Nb/AlO x /Nb integration technology. The operation was tested in a liquid helium bath (4.2 K).

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“…On the other hand, quantum voltage generation based on the Josephson effects is the crucial advantage of Josephson DACs for metrology, i.e. AC voltage standards [3–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

9 bit superconductive single‐flux‐quantum digital‐to‐analogue converter

et al. 2014

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“…We previously presented an implementation of a PNM [2] that was based on the clock controller circuit proposed and demonstrated by Lin and Semenov [3], and we improved the clock controller circuit for our D/A converter circuit. In this paper, we present results on the design, fabrication, and testing of the PNM circuit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Operation of a Pulse-Number Multiplier for a High-Precision RSFQ D/A Converter

Suzuki

Maezawa

Hirayama

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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A pulse-number multiplier (PNM) is a principal subsystem of our rapid single flux quantum digital-to-analog converter for metrology applications. The PNM circuit generates a high-speed pulse train from an input of a precise low-frequency clock signal. We designed, fabricated, and successfully tested a PNM test circuit. The PNM test circuit was implemented by using our standard cell library on 1.6 kA cm 2 Nb trilayer technology.Fully functional operation was confirmed by low-speed testing. Experimental bias margins were wider than 20%, and these results agreed with a simulation. We also tested the circuit by average-voltage measurements for estimating the frequencies of output pulse trains. Results of average-voltage measurements implied that the output frequency of the PNM circuit was tunable from 5 GHz to 17 GHz. The bit error rate (BER) of the PNM circuit was measured, and extrapolation of the error-function fits suggested a sufficiently small BER at the optimum bias point.Index Terms-D/A converter, flux quantum, Josephson junction, ring oscillator.

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“…We are developing a D/A converter with a magnetically coupled voltage multiplier (VM) which consists of an array of SQUIDs connected to Josephson transmission lines (JTLs) through transformers [3]. The VM is a principal subsystem of a D/A converter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error Detection Method for RSFQ Voltage Multipliers Using a SQUID Detector

Hirayama

Maezawa

Suzuki

et al. 2005

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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The voltage multiplier (VM) is a principal component in high-precision digital-to-analog (D/A) converters based on rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) circuits. Experimental confirmation of correct operation of the VM is important to guarantee the accuracy of the D/A converter. In this study, a circuit for direct comparison of the output voltages of VMs was designed and demonstrated. An on-chip SQUID sensor was utilized to detect the VM errors. Bit error rates of a single-stage VM were successfully measured down to 10 12 in the constant-voltage regions. A method of detecting errors during transients was also proposed and carried out. Index Terms-D/A converter, flux quantum, Josephson junction, voltage multiplier, voltage standards.

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RSFQ-based D/A converter for AC voltage standard

Cited by 45 publications

References 6 publications

9 bit superconductive single‐flux‐quantum digital‐to‐analogue converter

9 bit superconductive single‐flux‐quantum digital‐to‐analogue converter

Design and Operation of a Pulse-Number Multiplier for a High-Precision RSFQ D/A Converter

Error Detection Method for RSFQ Voltage Multipliers Using a SQUID Detector

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