Row spacing impacts the critical period for weed control in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Tursun, Nihat; Datta, Avishek; Budak, Selvi; Kantarci, Zekeriya; Knežević, Stevan Z.

doi:10.1007/s12600-015-0494-x

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Common sunflower seed was planted to achieve 0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 plants m −2 , planted with the crop or at predetermined POST periods. Times of weed planting and weed removal were measured in GDD, using 15.5 C as the base temperature (Tursun et al 2016). Times of weed planting and removal were targeted to occur at 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900 GDD, but actual times were influenced by factors such as rainfall and irrigation scheduling.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The yield-loss threshold is normally based on the cost of the weed control option to be used. The CPWC is determined for each weed and crop combination and relates to a specific level of weed competition (Bridges and Chandler 1987;Papamichail et al 2002;Tursun et al 2016). It is influenced by factors such as the time of weed and crop emergence (Webster et al 2009), seasonal variation (Bukun 2004;Tingle et al 2003), plant nutrition (Buchanan and McLaughlin 1975;Tursun et al 2015), and row spacing (Buchanan et al 1977;Rogers et al 1976;Tursun et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining the critical period for weed control in high-yielding cotton using common sunflower as a mimic weed

et al. 2019

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Field studies were conducted over six seasons to determine the critical period for weed control (CPWC) in high-yielding cotton, using common sunflower as a mimic weed. Common sunflower was planted with or after cotton emergence at densities of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 plants m−2. Common sunflower was added and removed at approximately 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900 growing degree days (GDD) after planting. Season-long interference resulted in no harvestable cotton at densities of five or more common sunflower plants m−2. High levels of intraspecific and interspecific competition occurred at the highest weed densities, with increases in weed biomass and reductions in crop yield not proportional to the changes in weed density. Using a 5% yield-loss threshold, the CPWC extended from 43 to 615 GDD, and 20 to 1,512 GDD for one and 50 common sunflower plants m−2, respectively. These results highlight the high level of weed control required in high-yielding cotton to ensure crop losses do not exceed the cost of control.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the critical period for weed control in high-yielding cotton using common sunflower as a mimic weed

et al. 2019

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“…However, with continued competition between weeds and crops, the weeds are no longer tolerated due to negative effects on the crop, marking the beginning of the CPWC, which is also referred to as the CTWR (Knezevic et al 2002). The CTWR can be influenced by several factors, including crop and weed characteristics (Tursun et al 2016), environmental variables (Knezevic 2007;Tursun et al 2016), cropping practices such as crop planting density and row spacing (Adigun et al 2014;Osipitan et al 2016;Teasdale 1995), soil nutrients (Evans et al 2003;Knezevic et al 2002;Odero and Wright 2013), and PRE weed control program (Knezevic et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical time for weed removal in glyphosate-resistant soybean as influenced by preemergence herbicides

et al. 2019

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Widespread and repeated use of glyphosate resulted in an increase in glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds. This led to an urgent need for diversification of weed control programs and use of PRE herbicides with alternative sites of action. Field experiments were conducted over a 4-yr period (2015 to 2018) across three locations in Nebraska to evaluate the effects of PRE-applied herbicides on critical time for weed removal (CTWR) in GR soybean. The studies were laid out in a split-plot arrangement with herbicide regime as the main plot and weed removal timing as the subplot. The herbicide regimes used were either no PRE or premix of either sulfentrazone plus imazethapyr (350 + 70 g ai ha−1) or saflufenacil plus imazethapyr plus pyroxasulfone (26 + 70 + 120 g ai ha−1). The weed removal timings were at V1, V3, V6, R2, and R5 soybean stages, with weed-free and weedy season-long checks. Weeds were removed by application of glyphosate (1,400 g ae ha−1) or by hoeing. The results across all years and locations suggested that the use of PRE herbicides delayed CTWR in soybean. In particular, the CTWR without PRE herbicides was determined to be around the V1 to V2 (14 to 21 d after emergence [DAE]) growth stage, depending on the location and weed pressure. The use of PRE-applied herbicides delayed CTWR from about the V4 (28 DAE) stage up to the R5 (66 DAE) stage. These results suggest that the use of PRE herbicides in GR soybean could delay the need for POST application of glyphosate by 2 to 5 wk, thereby reducing the need for multiple applications of glyphosate during the growing season. Additionally, the use of PRE herbicides could provide additional modes of action needed to manage GR weeds in GR soybean.

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“…The lower limit of the dynamic CPWC using a 1% yield-loss threshold began before crop emergence and was in line with the findings for smellmelon in a low-yielding crop (2,560 kg seed cotton ha −1 ) (Tingle et al 2003) and the mimic weeds common sunflower (Charles et al 2019c) and Japanese millet (Charles et al 2019b) in high-yielding cotton. The lower limit of the CPWC was earlier than was reported for a range of other weeds, where the CPWC commenced up to 7 wk POST (Buchanan et al 1977;Bukun 2004;Cardoso et al 2011;Tursun et al 2015Tursun et al , 2016, for crops ranging in yield from 2,000 to 8,000 kg seed cotton ha −1 (Cardoso et al 2011;Tursun et al 2015). This difference is likely to be related to the timing of weed emergence, with the emergence of our mimic weed, with no seed dormancy, triggered by irrigation immediately after planting in our study.…”

Section: Dynamic Relationships For Cotton Lint Yieldmentioning

confidence: 41%

Determining the critical period for broadleaf weed control in high-yielding cotton using mungbean as a mimic weed

Charles

Sindel²,

Cowie³

et al. 2020

Weed Technol

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Research using the critical period for weed control (CPWC) has shown that high-yielding cotton crops are very sensitive to competition from grasses and large broadleaf weeds, but the CPWC has not been defined for smaller broadleaf weeds in Australian cotton. Field studies were conducted over five seasons from 2003 to 2015 to determine the CPWC for smaller broadleaf weeds, using mungbean as a mimic weed. Mungbean was planted at densities of 1, 3, 6, 15, 30, and 60 plants m−2 with or after cotton emergence and added and removed at approximately 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900 degree days of crop growth (GDD). Mungbean competed strongly with cotton, with season-long interference; 60 mungbean plants m−2 resulted in an 84% reduction in cotton yield. A dynamic CPWC function was developed for densities of 1 to 60 mungbean plants m−2 using extended Gompertz and exponential curves including weed density as a covariate. Using a 1% yield-loss threshold, the CPWC defined by these curves extended for the full growing season of the crop at all weed densities. The minimum yield loss from a single weed control input was 35% at the highest weed density of 60 mungbean plants m−2. The relationship for the critical time of weed removal was further improved by substituting weed biomass for weed density in the relationship.

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Row spacing impacts the critical period for weed control in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

Determining the critical period for weed control in high-yielding cotton using common sunflower as a mimic weed

Determining the critical period for weed control in high-yielding cotton using common sunflower as a mimic weed

Critical time for weed removal in glyphosate-resistant soybean as influenced by preemergence herbicides

Determining the critical period for broadleaf weed control in high-yielding cotton using mungbean as a mimic weed

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