Row Spacing and Plant Population Effects on Yield Components of Soybean

Abstract

Information is needed to characterize soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plant responses where cultural practices and environmental conditions are maintained at a level conducive to high yield. Field studies were conducted in 1985 and 1986 to determine the effect of row spacing and plant population on seed yield and yield components of soybean. Two determinate Maturity Group V cultivars, Essex and Deltapine 105, were grown at three row spacings of 25, 51, and 76 cm and three plant populations of 260 200, 390 400, and 520 400 plants ha−1. Seed yield was significantly higher in narrow rows (25 and 51 cm) than in the wide rows (76 cm) with the 25‐cm row spacing averaging 10% higher than the 76‐cm row spacing (3740 vs. 3361 kg ha−1). There was a row spacing × cultivar interaction due mainly to a greater reduction in seed yield of Essex than Deltapine 105 as row width increased. Weight of aerial plant parts during the mid seed‐fill growth period (R5) increased with decreasing row spacings. Plant number in plots with 76‐cm row spacing decreased approximately 23% between planting and harvest whereas, the plant number in 51‐ and 25‐cm row spacings decreased only 7 and 3% respectively during the growing season. Seed yield per plant was most uniform at the 25‐cm row spacing and became more variable as row width increased

Growth and Yield Responses of Soybean to Row Spacing and Seeding Rate

“…Th e two lower seeding rates had negligible plant mortality, whereas the two higher seeding rates had about 7% plant mortality. Other studies have reported a greater impact of row spacing (Ethredge et al, 1989;Oplinger and Philbrook, 1992;De Bruin and Pedersen, 2008b) or seeding rates (Ethredge et al, 1989;Board 2000) on plant mortality.…”

Rendimento de grãos da soja em função do arranjo de plantas

“…ETHREDGE et al (1989) obtiveram redução linear no rendimento de grãos do caule e dos ramos das plantas de soja com o aumento da população de plantas. Essa diminuição pode não acarretar diminuição no rendimento por área, pois o maior número de plantas compensaria o menor rendimento por planta, o que não foi observado neste trabalho.…”

“…A redução do espaçamento entre linhas tem se constituído numa prática vantajosa, em que, na maioria dos experimentos, houve incremento do rendimento. Diversos trabalhos, utilizando espaçamentos entre linha de 17cm até 100cm, têm verificado acréscimos de até 40% no rendimento (HERBERT & LITCHFIELD, 1982;ETHREDGE et al 1989;BOARD et al, 1990;PIRES et al, 1998;VENTIMIGLIA et al, 1999) com a redução do espaçamento. Este aumento no rendimento tem sido associado a vários fatores, como o melhor uso da água devido ao sombreamento mais rápido do solo, melhor distribuição de raízes, redução da competição intraespecífica, maior habilidade de competição com plantas daninhas, exploração uniforme da fertilidade do solo e maior e mais rápida intercepcão da energia solar.…”

Effet de la densité de peuplement sur trois cultivars de soya

“…Le nombre de gousses par plant était maximal et variait de 25 à 32 gousses plant -1 pour des densités de peuplement de 30 plants m -2 et atteignait un minimum de 15 gousses plant -1 à des densités de 70 à 80 plants m -2 . Weber et al (1966), Hicks et al (1969), Goli et Olsen (1983) et Ethredge et al (1989 avaient obtenu des résultats similaires dans leurs études. Le nombre de gousses plant -1 du cultivar 9063 était générale-ment supérieur aux nombres de gousses plant -1 des deux autres cultivars.…”