“…The temperature programmable on-column injector (8EE) which has the potential to work in split, splitless, on-column, and purge-and-trap sampling modes with cyrogenic cooling is commercially available. The on-column sampling technique combines with the use of an immobilized liquid phase capillary column provides a reliable and quantitative method for many routine applications (1EE,7EE,12EE,14EE). Techniques for large-volume direct on-column sampling was investigated by Yang (18EE),Hinshaw and Yang (9EE), and Grob (6EE).…”