Routine immunophenotyping in acute leukemia: Role in lineage assignment and reassignment

Qadir, Misbah; Barcos, Maurice; Stewart, Carleton C.; Sait, Sheila N.J.; Ford, Laurie

doi:10.1002/cyto.b.20112

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Qadir et al. reported a retrospective analysis of 612 patients with de novo acute leukemia (30). Of the 525 cases with AML based on morphology and cytochemistry, three cases had lymphoid immunophenotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive flow cytometry phenotype in acute leukemia at diagnosis and at relapse

Liu

et al. 2010

APMIS

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Multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) plays a vital role in the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) and diagnosis of relapse in acute leukemia. However, application of a limited panel of antibodies in MFC leads to high rates of false-negative and false-positive results. Thirteen patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 12 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were immunophenotyped by MFC at diagnosis and at relapse using a comprehensive panel of monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) to 27 antigens and CD45/SSC gating. In 23 of 25 patients (92.3%), changes in at least one of progenitor-associated, myeloid and lymphoid antigens between diagnosis and relapse were observed. Antigen changes were observed in 92 of 239 antigens (38.5%) expressed in 25 patients, in 49 of 117 antigens (41.9%) expressed in 13 ALL patients, and in 43 of 122 antigens (35.2%) expressed in 12 AML patients. Phenotypic changes were characterized by the expression of cross-lineage antigens. The intralineage change was observed in the majority of patients. However, myeloid lineage shift was identified by MFC in two patients with T-ALL. Multiple panels of three or more McAbs are likely to be required in the monitoring of MRD and diagnosis of relapse in acute leukemia by MFC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive flow cytometry phenotype in acute leukemia at diagnosis and at relapse

Liu

et al. 2010

APMIS

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“…Immunophenotyping is an important diagnostic tool for decision making in various diseases [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Typical examples are: -diagnosis of immunodeficiencies [7], -monitoring of systemic and chronic diseases [8][9][10][11][12], -cellular diagnostics of allergy [13,14], -functional characterization of cells [15,16], -genetic investigation [17,18], -differential diagnosis of lymphocytosis [19], -diagnosis of leukemia [5,[20][21][22][23][24], -investigation of T-cell receptor expression in Kawasaki syndrome [25][26], -investigation of pregnancy disturbances [27], -quality control in hemotherapy [28][29][30]. Furthermore, there are several indications that are presently not so important for routine diagnostics [31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Lymphocyte Subset Changes in the Peripheral Blood of Healthy Children – a Meta-Study

Sack¹,

Gerling²,

Tárnok³

2007

Transfus Med Hemother

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Immunophenotyping is an important diagnostic tool for decision making in various diseases. Although clinical interpretation relies on measurable aberrations of the patient’s values from normal ranges, agedependent are rarely available. Materials and Methods: The present study is aimed to combine published data about normal values of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations to describe age-dependent changes from the neonate to the adult. These values could serve in a better way as normal values in comparison to present ones. Furthermore, this investigation allows us to define valid data even for short periods in children’s life and to investigate the influence of technical approaches, sample preparation, antibody selection, measurement equipment, and data analysis. Results: Development-related alterations of lymphocyte subset counts in children could be extracted from the pre-existing papers for diagnostic use. These results were mostly independent from gender, ethnic factors, procedure of sample collection, anticoagulation, pre-analytical procedures, time to workbench, applied method for immunophenotyping, staining procedure, selected monoclonal antibodies, technical devices, and software products. Conclusion: Our data indicate that previous normal values are not sufficiently precise for the interpretation of lymphocyte subsets in children. Mainly during the 1st year of life, count and subset distribution of lymphocytes is different from that of adults. Therefore, a close meshed data set of normal values is required to guarantee adequate diagnostic interpretation.

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“…In the present study 56 cases, were evaluated, by studying their morphology using cytochemical stains, as well as clinical features, and with 6 cases for concordant Immunophenotyping, using lineage specific panels with markers. 1,12,13,14,15 Of the 56 cases, 36 cases were acute leukaemias (64%), of which 24 were AML (43%), and 12 were ALL (22%). The rest 20 cases were chronic cases (36%), of which 17 were CML (30%), which include one case of chronic neutrophilic leukaemia, and 3 were CLL cases (5%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Haematological Evaluation of Leukaemias, Using Cytochemical Stains and Immunophenotyping

Salaam¹,

Mani²

2019

jemds

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BACKGROUND Leukaemias are characterised by abnormal proliferation of haematopoietic cells, causing progressive infiltration of the marrow. It is the eleventh most common cancer in the world, and increasingly found now. Two widely used classifications are currently used, the FAB, and the WHO classification, which has got supplanted now, with increasing knowledge on cytomorphology and cytogenetics. This study attempts to evaluate the role of cytochemistry in various types of leukaemias, as well as the role of immunophenotyping in a select few cases, which were referred to the Department of Pathology, at Thanjavur Medical College. We wanted to study, the types and subtypes of leukaemias using cytochemistry, their morphology, the demographic distribution and their clinical and haematological presentation. METHODSThe present study had a sample size of 56 cases of leukaemia, diagnosed in the department of pathology, Thanjavur Medical College. Those cases referred to the Department of pathology, with clinical suspicion, were subjected to peripheral smear study by standard Romanowsky stains first, mainly by Leishman's stain and a presumptive diagnosis was made. Following which peripheral blood smears were subjected to special cytochemical stains using Sudan Black B (SBB) and Periodic Acid Schiff's reagent stain (PAS). The percentage of blast cells were enumerated, and the cytomorphology studied based on their positive staining effects on the respective blood smears. Thereby, the types and subtypes of leukaemias were classified and reported as per FAB classification. Relevant clinical history was obtained from each case, with parameters relating to splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. Haematological investigations were done on a three-part automated cell counter, and values pertaining to haemoglobin, total count, and platelet count were also noted. Clinical and haematological correlation was thus made with the diagnosed cases, and statistical analysis was undertaken. In six cases, immunophenotyping using flow cytometry, and standard panel markers, was undertaken; when in doubt, its concordance patterns were also noted. RESULTS56 cases of leukaemia, identified by morphology and cytochemistry, were seen in the study between January 2015 and June 2015. Cytochemical stains used were Sudan black B, and PAS. Out of the total, 36 cases were acute, rest were chronic cases. AML accounted for 43% of the cases, followed by CML at 33%, and ALL at 22%. A slight female preponderance was seen in the number of AML cases, but a male predominance was seen in ALL. ALL was common in the child age group, followed by AML, and CML in the 21-40 age group, followed by AML. CLL was seen mostly above 40 yrs. of age. Anaemia was more in acute leukaemias especially ALL, followed by AML. Total count values were high in CML, followed by AML. Platelet counts were less in acute leukaemias, especially ALL, followed by AML. Splenomegaly was the commonest feature seen in 21 cases. Immunophenotyping was done in 6 cases, 4 cases were concordant, s...

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Routine immunophenotyping in acute leukemia: Role in lineage assignment and reassignment

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Comprehensive flow cytometry phenotype in acute leukemia at diagnosis and at relapse

Comprehensive flow cytometry phenotype in acute leukemia at diagnosis and at relapse

Age-Related Lymphocyte Subset Changes in the Peripheral Blood of Healthy Children – a Meta-Study

Clinical and Haematological Evaluation of Leukaemias, Using Cytochemical Stains and Immunophenotyping

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