Route‐learning strategies in typical and atypical development; eye tracking reveals atypical landmark selection in Williams syndrome

Farran, Emily K.; Formby, Susan C.; Daniyal, Fahad; Holmes, Theta C.; Herwegen, Jo Van

doi:10.1111/jir.12331

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Nardini, Atkinson, Braddick, & Burgess (2008) showed that WS children showed a poor and anomalous pattern in using different frames of reference to recall the location of a hidden object. Similar anomalies have been found in locating objects in larger-scale space (Mandolesi et al, 2009) and in the spatial reference frames and strategies used by WS children for navigation (e.g., Broadbent, Farran, & Tolmie, 2014; Farran, Formby, Daniyal, Holmes, & Van Herwegen, 2016). …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

The Davida Teller Award Lecture, 2016

Atkinson

2017

Journal of Vision

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Research in the Visual Development Unit on “dorsal stream vulnerability' (DSV) arose from research in two somewhat different areas. In the first, using cortical milestones for local and global processing from our neurobiological model, we identified cerebral visual impairment in infants in the first year of life. In the second, using photo/videorefraction in population refractive screening programs, we showed that infant spectacle wear could reduce the incidence of strabismus and amblyopia, but many preschool children, who had been significantly hyperopic earlier, showed visuo-motor and attentional deficits. This led us to compare developing dorsal and ventral streams, using sensitivity to global motion and form as signatures, finding deficits in motion sensitivity relative to form in children with Williams syndrome, or perinatal brain injury in hemiplegia or preterm birth. Later research showed that this “DSV” was common across many disorders, both genetic and acquired, from autism to amblyopia. Here, we extend DSV to be a cluster of problems, common to many disorders, including poor motion sensitivity, visuo-motor spatial integration for planning actions, attention, and number skills. In current research, we find that individual differences in motion coherence sensitivity in typically developing children are correlated with MRI measures of area variations in parietal lobe, fractional anisotropy (from TBSS) of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and performance on tasks of mathematics and visuo-motor integration. These findings suggest that individual differences in motion sensitivity reflect decision making and attentional control rather than integration in MT/V5 or V3A. Its neural underpinnings may be related to Duncan's “multiple-demand” (MD) system.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 58%

The Davida Teller Award Lecture, 2016

Atkinson

2017

Journal of Vision

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“…It is highly possible that there is a difference in the ability of individuals with WS to show an effect of a given spatial frame of reference, compared to being able to select a useful frame of reference (and to use it effectively). Recent evidence has demonstrated that individuals with WS often select inappropriate landmarks when navigating (Farran et al, 2016); this tentatively supports the notion that the ability to select an appropriate frame of reference is impaired in WS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Thinking inside the box: Spatial frames of reference for drawing in Williams syndrome and typical development

Hudson

Farran

2017

Research in Developmental Disabilities

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Background: Successfully completing a drawing relies on the ability to accurately impose and manipulate spatial frames of reference for the object that is being drawn and for the drawing space. Typically developing (TD) children use cues such as the page boundary as a frame of reference to guide the orientation of drawn lines. Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) typically produce incohesive drawings; this is proposed to reflect a local processing bias. Aims: Across two studies, we provide the first investigation of the effect of using a frame of reference when drawing simple lines and shapes in WS and TD groups What this paper addsThis is the first study to assess whether individuals with WS can effectively use spatial frames of reference when drawing, and in doing so acts as a direct test of the assertion that visuo-spatial cognition in WS is characterised by a local processing bias (Bellugi, Sabo & Vaid, 1988). This study also investigated the influence of a frame of reference in TD children to a more fine-grained level than previous studies. Results suggest that the WS group, like the TD participants, were influenced by the surrounding orientation cues provided by the frame, and thus refutes the local processing bias hypothesis. The Drawing Orientation 3 SPATIAL FRAMES OF REFERENCE IN WILLIAMS SYNDROME Task (DOT) and the whole-shape drawing task are suitable for use with clinical groups such as individuals with constructional apraxia or autism to investigate use of spatial frames of reference when drawing.

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“…The data described in both our studies with walking RAM task (Mandolesi et al, 2009a ) and table RAM task highlight that in WS the deficit in the elaboration of the allocentric space is different from that in the peripersonal space. While in the elaboration of the peripersonal space the WS individuals exhibited memory but not procedural deficits, in the elaboration of the allocentric space they exhibited, beside the memory deficit, also remarkable procedural deficits (Mandolesi et al, 2009a ; Farran et al, 2012 , 2016 ; Foti et al, 2013 ; Broadbent et al, 2014b ). Such diversity of processing of near and far space may be explained by taking into account the sensorimotor and cognitive processes recruited as well as the neuronal circuitry involved in the two conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Peripersonal Visuospatial Abilities in Williams Syndrome Analyzed by a Table Radial Arm Maze Task

Foti

Sorrentino

Menghini

et al. 2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic deletion syndrome characterized by severe visuospatial deficits affecting spatial exploration and navigation abilities in extra-personal space.To date, little is known about spatial elaboration and reaching abilities in the peripersonal space in individuals with WS. The present study is aimed at evaluating the visuospatial abilities in individuals with WS and comparing their performances with those of mental age-matched typically developing (TD) children by using a highly sensitive ecological version of the Radial Arm Maze (table RAM). We evaluated 15 individuals with WS and 15 TD children in two different table RAM paradigms: the free-choice paradigm, mainly to analyze the aspects linked to procedural and memory components, and the forced-choice paradigm, to disentangle the components linked to spatial working memory from the procedural ones. Data show that individuals with WS made significantly more working memory errors as compared with TD children, thus evidencing a marked deficit in resolving the task when the mnesic load increased. Our findings provide new insights on the cognitive profile of WS.

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Route‐learning strategies in typical and atypical development; eye tracking reveals atypical landmark selection in Williams syndrome

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

The Davida Teller Award Lecture, 2016

The Davida Teller Award Lecture, 2016

Thinking inside the box: Spatial frames of reference for drawing in Williams syndrome and typical development

Peripersonal Visuospatial Abilities in Williams Syndrome Analyzed by a Table Radial Arm Maze Task

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