Round-robin analysis of the RILEM TC 162-TDF beam-bending test: Part 3—Fibre distribution

Barr, B.; Lee, M.K.; Hansen, Ernst Jan de Place; Dupont, David; Erdem, Emre; Schaerlaekens, S.; Schnütgen, B.; Stang, Henrik

doi:10.1007/bf02483283

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A similar trend was also observed in the data from Figure 1 and in the extensive experimental results from Barr et al [31,32]. After several trials conducted to identify a general formulation that yields a good fit, (4) …”

Section: Scatter On Residual Strengthsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…For the series of models generated, the intrinsic CV (CV I ) for the number of fibres crossing this plane, for the shortest embedded length and for the angle between the fibre and a line perpendicular to the cracked plane were assessed. All these parameters should influence the final mechanical behaviour of the elements, as reported in experimental and numerical studies from the literature [24,25,30]. This outcome is related with the likelihood of obtaining big variations depending on the total number of fibres that cross the cracked section.…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 94%

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Intrinsic scatter of FRC: an alternative philosophy to estimate characteristic values

Cavalaro

Aguado

2014

Mater Struct

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Abstract:The results from small scale laboratory tests of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) usually show a high scatter. However, several studies indicate that the real scatter on the postcracking response of the material reduces considerably with the increase of the size of the elements tested. Such observations highlights a possible contradiction in the design of FRC since the characteristic values estimated from small scale tests might not be representative of large scale structures. This could penalize the material, leading to higher fibre consumption, less competitive solutions and problems in the quality control. The main objective of the present study is to address this fundamental issue. The aim is to evaluate the scatter that is intrinsic to the FRC and how it is affected by the size of the element, the type of concrete, the type and content of fibre. For that, a novel numerical approach is proposed for the simulation of the material and its variability. Then, an extensive parametric study is conducted with more than 35000 models, each one unique in terms of fibre distribution. Based on this analysis, equations are proposed to estimate the intrinsic scatter depending on several parameters. Finally, an alternative formulation is defined to estimate the characteristic value of the FRC considering the real structure in which it will be applied. The results derived from this study represent a contribution towards a more efficient design of structures and the reduction of the non-conformities in the quality control of the FRC. representative of large scale structures. This could penalize the material, leading to higher fibre consumption, less competitive solutions and problems in the quality control. The main objective of the present study is to address this fundamental issue. The aim is to evaluate the scatter that is intrinsic to the FRC and how it is affected by the size of the element, the type of concrete, the type and content of fibre. For that, a novel numerical approach is proposed for the simulation of the material and its variability. Then, an extensive parametric study is conducted with more than 35000 models, each one unique in terms of fibre distribution.Based on this analysis, equations are proposed to estimate the intrinsic scatter depending on several parameters.Finally, an alternative formulation is defined to estimate the characteristic value of the FRC considering the real structure in which it will be applied. The results derived from this study represent a contribution towards a more efficient design of structures and the reduction of the non-conformities in the quality control of the FRC.

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Section: Scatter On Residual Strengthsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 94%

Intrinsic scatter of FRC: an alternative philosophy to estimate characteristic values

Cavalaro

Aguado

2014

Mater Struct

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“…RILEM recommendation TC162-TDF [28] has been backed by several research centers that investigated deflection variability using the crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) and fiber distribution in particular sample sections [29][30][31]. Toughness indexes were recommended (equivalent flexural tensile strength-f eq and residual flexural tensile strength-f R ) to define amelioration after cracking for fiber-reinforced UHPC [32,33].…”

Section: Uhpcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Property Assessment of Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Ultra-High-Performance Concrete

Smarzewski

Barnat-Hunek

2017

Int J Civ Eng

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early 1990s [1]. UHPC is characterized by a compressive strength above 120 MPa and high durability [2]. At present, some limitations remain regarding the use of standard concrete, such as its low tensile strength and ductility; however, it is possible that ultra-high-performance concrete reinforced with hybrid fibers can overcome these limitations. The main advantages of the UHPC mixture are: low values of water/binder ratio, the elimination of coarse aggregate, namely, the use of only fine aggregate, a limited amount of fine aggregate, and a packing density in which the grains fill the voids [3]. Besides utilizing a water-reducing agent, an addition of silica fume in UHPC mixtures is recommended to improve the workability [1,4] as silica fume has a diameter small enough to fill the interstitial voids between the cement and quartz sand particles. What is more, to reduce labor costs and provide architects and designers greater architectural freedom in structural member shapes and forms, it is advisable to either to reduce or completely eliminate the implementation of steel reinforcement bars. Nonetheless, the drawbacks of UHPC are that, on the whole, it is expensive and cannot substitute standard concrete in the majority of applications [5]. It is due to the composition of its mixtures that make the UHPC microstructure different from ordinary concrete. For UHPC at W/C = 0.20, its capillary pores become discontinuous when only 26% of the cement has been hydrated, instead of 54% for HPC, where W/C = 0.33 [1,6]. The pore size of UHPC basically varies between 2 and 3 nm, and its total porosity is 2.23% [1]. Studies on UHPC have been carried out by several researchers; nevertheless, the information on UHPC materials and structural properties is still rather lacking. A great deal of this research has revealed that a combination of steel-polypropylene fibers in concrete could take advantage of the material properties of both the fibers to Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of steel/polypropylene hybrid fibers on the mechanical properties and microstructure of ultra-highperformance concrete (UHPC). Tests were carried out on UHPC without and with fibers (steel and/or polypropylene in amounts of 0.25-1%). In this study, granite or granodiorite coarse aggregate with a grain size of about 2/8 mm was employed. The three-point bending tests displayed prolonged post-peak softening behavior. In addition, increasing the content of polypropylene fibers reduced the fracture energy. Moreover, the SEM results illustrated that adding a certain amount of fibers to concrete considerably changes the microstructure. It was observed that the smallest microcracks in the interfacial transition zone between the paste and aggregate occurred in the concrete containing steel fibers.

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“…Owing to the abovementioned reasons, we used the three-point bending test with a notch for assessments in this study. We performed the experiment by referring to the Réunion Internationale des Laboratoires et Experts des Matériaux (RILEM) and Japan Concrete Institute (JCI) standards [34,35]. Figure 1 shows a schematic of the experimental setup.…”

Section: Three-point Bending Test With a Notchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curable Area Substantiation of Self-Healing in Concrete Using Neutral Axis

Kang

Kim

2019

Applied Sciences

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The self-healing nature of concrete has been proved in many studies using various methods. However, the underlying mechanisms and the distinct area of self-healing have not been identified in detail. This study focuses on the limits of the area of self-healing. A bending specimen with a notch is used herein, and its flexural strength and stiffness before and after healing are compared and used for self-healing assessment. In addition, the neutral axis of the specimen was measured using successive strain gauges attached to the crack propagation part. Although the strength and stiffness of the concrete recovered after self-healing, the change in the location of the neutral axis before and after healing was insignificant, which indicates that physical recovery did not occur for once-opened crack areas.

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Round-robin analysis of the RILEM TC 162-TDF beam-bending test: Part 3—Fibre distribution

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Intrinsic scatter of FRC: an alternative philosophy to estimate characteristic values

Intrinsic scatter of FRC: an alternative philosophy to estimate characteristic values

Property Assessment of Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Ultra-High-Performance Concrete

Curable Area Substantiation of Self-Healing in Concrete Using Neutral Axis

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