Round Heart Disease in Four Commercial Strains of Turkeys

Hunsaker, W. G.

doi:10.3382/ps.0501720

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…1B). This potential genetic abnormality carried by an entire species is supported by its direct linkage with the spontaneous development and susceptibility to stress induction of DCM and heart failure in all turkeys (32)(33)(34) as well as its effects on the molecular conformation and interactions within the thin filament regulatory system ( Fig. 8 and Fig.…”

Section: Aberrant Splicing Of Cardiac Troponin T In Turkey Cardiomyopmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Turkey is one of the very few species that has a high incidence of spontaneous DCM (31). The turkey DCM exhibits many features similar to that in human DCM and has been used as a model system in heart failure studies (32)(33)(34). Although stress factors such as furazolidone treatment promote the rate of DCM development, turkey DCM clearly contains a genetic basis and exhibits a pattern of familial inheritance (34 -37).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Exon Skipping in Cardiac Troponin T of Turkeys with Inherited Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Biesiadecki¹,

Jin

2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Troponin T is a central component of the thin filament-associated troponin-tropomyosin system and plays an essential role in the Ca 2؉ regulation of striated muscle contraction. The importance of the structure and function of troponin T is evident in the regulated isoform expression during development and the point mutations resulting in familial hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies. We report here that turkeys with inherited dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure express an unusual low molecular weight cardiac troponin T missing 11 amino acids due to the splice out of the normally conserved exon 8-encoded segment. The deletion of a 9-bp segment from intron 7 of the turkey cardiac troponin T gene may be responsible for the weakened splicing of the downstream exon 8 during mRNA processing. The exclusion of the exon 8-encoded segment results in conformational changes in cardiac troponin T, an altered binding affinity for troponin I and tropomyosin, and an increased calcium sensitivity of the actomyosin ATPase. Expression of the exon 8-deleted cardiac troponin T prior to the development of cardiomyopathy in turkeys indicates a novel RNA splicing disease and provides evidence for the role of troponin T structure-function variation in myocardial pathogenesis and heart failure.

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Section: Aberrant Splicing Of Cardiac Troponin T In Turkey Cardiomyopmentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exon Skipping in Cardiac Troponin T of Turkeys with Inherited Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Biesiadecki¹,

Jin

2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…It is worth noting that the chicken and turkey are evolutionarily closely related species and that their wild-type cardiac TnI has identical amino acid sequences. According to the avian constraint hypothesis, functional constraint on avian proteins causes the reduction of genetic divergence and, therefore, avian protein structure generally has a lower tolerance to amino acid substitutions compared with that of other species (24 domestic turkey has a high instance of DCM that causes round heart disease with considerable mortality (25). In contrast to the short inactive life span of the domestic turkey, the wild turkey population is under stringent natural selection.…”

Section: Sensitivity Of Tni Sds-gel Mobility To Structural Modificatimentioning

confidence: 99%

An R111C Polymorphism in Wild Turkey Cardiac Troponin I Accompanying the Dilated Cardiomyopathy-related Abnormal Splicing Variant of Cardiac Troponin T with Potentially Compensatory Effects

Biesiadecki

Schneider

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Cardiac muscle contraction is regulated by Ca 2؉through the troponin complex consisting of three subunits: troponin C (TnC), troponin T (TnT), and troponin I (TnI). We reported previously that the abnormal splicing of cardiac TnT in turkeys with dilated cardiomyopathy resulted in a greater binding affinity to TnI. In the present study, we characterized a polymorphism of cardiac TnI in the heart of wild turkeys. cDNA cloning and sequencing of the novel turkey cardiac TnI revealed a single amino acid substitution, R111C. Arg 111 in avian cardiac TnI corresponds to a Lys in mammals. This residue is conserved in cardiac and skeletal muscle TnIs across the vertebrate phylum, implying a functional importance. In the partial crystal structure of cardiac troponin, this amino acid resides in an ␣-helix that directly contacts with TnT. Structural modeling indicates that the substitution of Cys for Arg or Lys at this position would not disrupt the global structure of troponin. To evaluate the functional significance of the different size and charge between the Arg and Cys side chains, protein-binding assays using purified turkey cardiac TnI expressed in Escherichia coli were performed. The results show that the R111C substitution lowered binding affinity to TnT, which is potentially compensatory to the increased TnI-binding affinity of the cardiomyopathyrelated cardiac TnT splicing variant. Therefore, the fixation of the cardiac TnI Cys 111 allele in the wild turkey population and the corresponding functional effect reflect an increased fitness value, suggesting a novel target for the treatment of TnT myopathies.

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“…Understanding the etiology of RHD in the turkey may also contribute to our understanding of human DCM because of the reported similarities of the turkey and human heart (Genao et al, 1996). Diagnostic tools that have been used to identify turkeys with DCM have primarily been necropsy and to Science Publications AJAVS a limited extent, echocardiography and electrocardiography (Hunsaker, 1971;Czarnecki, 1980;Czarnecki and Good, 1980;Wideman et al, 1998). However, necropsy and electrocardiography are often of limited practical use in the field (The Merck Veterinary Manual, online version, 2004: Accessed July 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AN ASSESSMENT OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY IN TURKEY (<i>MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO</i>)

Ali¹

2012

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Our understanding of the etiology of Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM), which affects about 5% of turkeys, is limited. This limitation may be due to the lack of an easy-to-use diagnostic tool with well-defined parameters and does not involve necropsy. This lack of a widely tested non-necropsy method makes it difficult for a largescale study of the genetic factors that underlie DCM. Here, we Evaluated Echocardiography (ECHO) for its ease and reliability for identifying DCM-affected turkeys from hatch to four weeks-of-age. The parameters evaluated included Left Ventricular Internal-Diastolic (LVIDd), Internal-Systolic Dimension (LVISd), Interventricular Septum End-Diastolic (IVSEd), Interventricular Septum End-Systolic (IVSEs), Left Ventricular Wall End-Systolic (LVWEs) and Left Ventricular Wall End-Diastolic (LVWEd). To induce DCM, feed containing 700 ppm of Furazolidone (Fz) was fed to turkey poults from one to 28 days-of-age. The LVIDd and LVISd were the most consistent indicators of DCM. Both parameters revealed differences between control and treatment poults of between 25 and 326% at the 4 ages at which ECHO measurements were taken. The average difference in LVIDd between control and poults fed Fz-containing diets ranged from 25% in one week-old to 80% in 4-week-old poults. At similar ages, average differences between control and poults fed Fz-containing diets in LVISd were 74 and 326% respectively. Necropsy of poults that survived to the end of the 4-week Fz-treatment confirmed these ECHO measurements in treatment and normal poults. Our data suggest that using LVIDd and LVISd as parameters make ECHO a reliable tool for identifying DCM in turkeys.

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Round Heart Disease in Four Commercial Strains of Turkeys

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Exon Skipping in Cardiac Troponin T of Turkeys with Inherited Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Exon Skipping in Cardiac Troponin T of Turkeys with Inherited Dilated Cardiomyopathy

An R111C Polymorphism in Wild Turkey Cardiac Troponin I Accompanying the Dilated Cardiomyopathy-related Abnormal Splicing Variant of Cardiac Troponin T with Potentially Compensatory Effects

AN ASSESSMENT OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY IN TURKEY (<i>MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO</i>)

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