Rotationally resolved S1←S electronic spectra of fluorene, carbazole, and dibenzofuran: Evidence for Herzberg-Teller coupling with the S2 state

Yi, John T.; Álvarez-Valtierra, Leonardo; Pratt, David W.

doi:10.1063/1.2206782

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…3. In agreement with earlier work, 23 the S 1 -S 0 origin of carbazole was found to exhibit b-type selection rules. This band was simulated using a Voigt profile having 30 MHz Gaussian and 5 MHz Lorentzian contributions, yielding the inertial parameters listed in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Using high resolution electronic spectroscopy to probe the effects of ring twist on charge transfer in 2-phenylindole and N-phenylcarbazole

Young

Vaquero-Vara

et al. 2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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High resolution electronic spectra of 2-phenylindole (PI) and N-phenylcarbazole (PC) have been recorded in the collision-free environment of a molecular beam. Inertial defects determined from fits of the spectra were used to determine the twist angles between the two chromophores and their attached benzene rings in the ground (S0) and excited (S1) electronic states. PI was found to be significantly more planar than PC, especially in the S1 state. Stark-effect measurements of the permanent electric dipole moments of both molecules in both states show that significantly more charge is transferred from the phenyl group to the chromophore in PI (0.13e) than in PC (0.076e) when the photon is absorbed. Thereby demonstrated for the first time is a direct connection between photo-induced geometry change and charge transfer on excitation of an isolated molecule by light.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Low resolution FES spectra of carbazole and N-phenylcarbazole have previously been recorded. 13,23 Neither shows extensive low frequency vibrational activity. In this work, we also recorded high resolution spectra of the electronic origin bands of both molecules; these are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Using high resolution electronic spectroscopy to probe the effects of ring twist on charge transfer in 2-phenylindole and N-phenylcarbazole

Young

Vaquero-Vara

et al. 2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…In this work, we report resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy of the first electronically excited state S 1 as well as ZEKE spectroscopy of the cationic state D 0 of benzo[ h ]quinoline (B h Q). We compare the spectroscopic features of B h Q with those of two isoelectronic systems phenanthrene and anthracene and comment on the unique contribution of the nitrogen atom. ,,− We observe that in terms of molecular orbitals, the first two electronic states of B h Q are in reverse order relative to those of phenanthrene, a not-so-subtle effect of the heteroatom in the molecular frame. − The low molecular symmetry has relaxed the selection rule in vibronic transitions, allowing all in-plane modes to be observable. Nevertheless, the ZEKE spectra are sparse, implying structural similarities between the cation and the first excited electronic state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Zero Kinetic Energy Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Benzo[h]quinoline

2015

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We report zero kinetic energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy of benzo[h]quinoline (BhQ) via resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) through the first electronically excited state S1. From the simulated REMPI spectra with and without Herzberg-Teller coupling, we conclude that vibronic coupling plays a minor but observable role in the electronic excitation to the S1 state. We further compare the S1 state of BhQ with the first two electronically excited states of phenanthrene, noticing a similarity of the S1 state of BhQ with the second electronically excited state S2 of phenanthrene. In the ZEKE spectra of BhQ, the vibrational frequencies of the cationic state D0 are consistently higher than those of the intermediate neutral state, indicating enhanced bonding upon ionization. The sparse ZEKE spectra, compared with the spectrum of phenanthrene containing rich vibronic activities, further imply that the nitrogen atom has attenuated the structural change between S1 and D0 states. We speculate that the nitrogen atom can withdraw an electron in the S1 state and donate an electron in the D0 state, thereby minimizing the structural change during ionization. The origin of the first electronically excited state is determined to be 29,410 ± 5 cm(-1), and the adiabatic ionization potential is determined to be 65,064 ± 7 cm(-1).

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“…The S 0 / S 5 transition, according to the nomenclature of Platt, 33 is named as 1 L a transition because the orbitals on the carbazole moiety are oriented along the symmetry axis. 34 The absorption band with the similar wavelength for Nsubstituted 2,7-dimethoxycarbazole was observed experimentally. 35 Therefore, these excitations are assigned to p-p* transition in the dimethoxycarbazole moiety.…”

Section: Optical and Photophysical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 53%

Structure–property relationship of isomeric diphenylethenyl-disubstituted dimethoxycarbazoles

et al. 2015

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ARTICLE This journal isIsomeric 3,6-dimethoxy-and 2,7-dimethoxycarbazoles containing diphenylethenyl moieties were synthesized by condensation of the appropriate dimethoxycarbazoles with diphenylacetaldehyde. The solid-state structures and the molecular order of the compounds were proven by X-ray crystallography. Both compounds were found to be capable of glass formation with the comparable glass transition temperatures (70-71 o C). They exhibited high thermal stabilities, with the 5 % weight loss temperatures exceeding 375 o C. The isomer having diphenylethenyl groups at C-3 and C-6 positions and methoxy groups at C-2 and C-7 positions (3a) exhibited aggregation-induced emission (AIE), while its counterpart having diphenylethenyl groups at C-2 and C-7 positions and methoxy groups at C-3 and C-6 positions (3b) showed the opposite effect, i.e. aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). The derivative 3b showed superior charge transporting properties. Time-of-flight hole drift mobilities in its layers approached 10 -3 cm 2 /Vs at high electric fields. A comparative theoretical analysis of the compounds was performed using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations. They proved more effective π-conjugation in the derivative of 3,6-dimethoxycarbazole (3b), which was also observed by UV and fluorescence spectroscopies. The theoretical study revealed relatively low ground state dipole moment of 0.69 D of the isomer 3b, while its counterpart (3a) showed much higher ground state dipole moment of 5.98 D. The difference in polarity was found to have the crucial effect on the molecular arrangement in the crystals and consequently, on the thermal transitions and charge-transporting properties.

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Rotationally resolved S1←S electronic spectra of fluorene, carbazole, and dibenzofuran: Evidence for Herzberg-Teller coupling with the S2 state

Cited by 21 publications

References 17 publications

Using high resolution electronic spectroscopy to probe the effects of ring twist on charge transfer in 2-phenylindole and N-phenylcarbazole

Using high resolution electronic spectroscopy to probe the effects of ring twist on charge transfer in 2-phenylindole and N-phenylcarbazole

Zero Kinetic Energy Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Benzo[h]quinoline

Structure–property relationship of isomeric diphenylethenyl-disubstituted dimethoxycarbazoles

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