Background-Re-stenting of in-stent restenosis (ISR) improves acute angiographic results. Methods and Results-Volumetric intravascular ultrasound analysis was performed in 70 ISR lesions that received either placebo (nϭ36) or 192 Ir radiation (nϭ34). ISR lesions treated by re-stenting were divided into 3 groups: old stent not re-stented (A), old/new stent overlap (B), and new stent only (C). ISR lesions treated without re-stenting were categorized as D. In placebo patients, postintervention lumen volume index (LVI) was significantly greater in re-stented segments B and C than in non-re-stented segment A (PϽ0.05).At follow-up, however, LVI was similar in all 4 segments secondary to the increased intimal hyperplasia (IH) reaccumulation within the re-stented segments. In patients treated with 192 Ir radiation, LVI was maintained from baseline to follow-up only in non-re-stented segments A and D. Conversely, there was a significant decrease in LVI in re-stented segments B and C (PϽ0.05). Qualitatively, 79% of patients in the irradiated group had stent struts with undetectable neointimal versus only 27% in the placebo group (PϽ0.001). Coefficient of variation of IH reaccumulation was greater in re-stented segments of 192 Ir patients (Bϭ57.3% and Cϭ58.9%) than in re-stented segments in placebo patients (Bϭ27.3% and C 26.8%) and non-re-stented segments in irradiated patients.
Conclusions-Additional