Rotating quantum wave turbulence

Mäkinen, J. T.; Autti, S.; Heikkinen, P. J.; Hosio, J. J.; Hänninen, Risto; L’vov, Victor S.; Walmsley, P. M.; Zavjalov, V. V.; Eltsov, V. B.

doi:10.1038/s41567-023-01966-z

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 71 publications

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“…Its frequency is that of thermal excitation, and its transverse amplitude (in horizontal displacement) depends on this frequency and exhibits a resonance when the normal fluid is driven vertically with a frequency equal to the rotation rate Ω. These promising experimental results are here to “feed” different theoretical approaches, as they complement the picture drawn by nuclear magnetic resonance on a librating superfluid 3 He ( 40 ). In particular, the initial threshold has to be linked to the Donnelly-Glaberson ( 41 ) instability, and the waves triggered on the lattice can be inertial ( 42 ) Kelvin or Tkachenko waves depending on the regime considered ( 43 , 44 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Direct visualization of the quantum vortex lattice structure, oscillations, and destabilization in rotating ⁴ He

et al. 2023

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Quantum vortices are a core element of superfluid dynamics and elusively hold the keys to our understanding of energy dissipation in these systems. We show that we are able to visualize these vortices in the canonical and higher-symmetry case of a stationary rotating superfluid bucket. Using direct visualization, we quantitatively verify Feynman’s rule linking the resulting quantum vortex density to the imposed rotational speed. We make the most of this stable configuration by applying an alternative heat flux aligned with the axis of rotation. Moderate amplitudes led to the observation of collective wave mode propagating along the vortices, and high amplitudes led to quantum vortex interactions. When increasing the heat flux, this ensemble of regimes defines a path toward quantum turbulence in rotating 4 He and sets a baseline to consolidate the descriptions of all quantum fluids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Direct visualization of the quantum vortex lattice structure, oscillations, and destabilization in rotating ⁴ He

et al. 2023

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Magnon Bose–Einstein condensates: From time crystals and quantum chromodynamics to vortex sensing and cosmology

Mäkinen,

Autti,

Eltsov

2024

Applied Physics Letters

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Under suitable experimental conditions, collective spin-wave excitations, magnons, form a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC), where the spins precess with a globally coherent phase. Bose–Einstein condensation of magnons has been reported in a few systems, including superfluid phases of 3He, solid state systems, such as yttrium-iron-garnet films, and cold atomic gases. The superfluid phases of 3He provide a nearly ideal test bench for coherent magnon physics owing to experimentally proven spin superfluidity, the long lifetime of the magnon condensate, and the versatility of the accessible phenomena. We first briefly recap the properties of the different magnon BEC systems, with focus on superfluid 3He. The main body of this review summarizes recent advances in the application of magnon BEC as a laboratory to study basic physical phenomena connecting to diverse areas from particle physics and cosmology to vortex dynamics and new phases of condensed matter. This line of research complements the ongoing efforts to utilize magnon BECs as probes and components for potentially room-temperature quantum devices. In conclusion, we provide a roadmap for future directions in the field of applications of magnon BEC to fundamental research.

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Dynamics of quantum turbulence in axially rotating thermal counterflow

Dwivedi,

Dunca,

Novotný

et al. 2024

Physics of Fluids

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Generation, statistically steady state, and temporal decay of axially rotating thermal counterflow of superfluid 4He (He II) in a square channel is probed using the second sound attenuation technique, measuring the density of quantized vortex lines. The array of rectilinear quantized vortices created by rotation strongly affects the development of quantum turbulence (i.e., turbulence strongly affected by the presence of quantized vortices). At relatively slow angular velocities, the type of instability responsible for the destruction of the laminar counterflow qualitatively changes: the growth of seed vortex loops pinned on the channel wall becomes gradually replaced by the growth due to Donnelly–Glaberson instability, which leads to rapid growth of helical Kelvin waves on vortices parallel with applied counterflow. The initial transient growth of vortex line density that follows the sudden start of the counterflow appears self-similar, linear in dimensionless time, Ωt. We show numerically that Kelvin waves of sufficiently strong amplitude reorient the vortices into more flattened shapes, which grow similarly to a free vortex ring. The observed steady state vortex line density at sufficiently high counterflow velocity and its early temporal decay after the counterflow is switched off are not appreciably affected by rotation. It is striking, however, that although the steady state of rotating counterflow is very different from rotating classical grid-generated turbulence, the late temporal decay of both displays similar features: the decay exponent decreases with the rotation rate Ω from −3/2 toward approximately −0.7, typical for two-dimensional turbulence, consistent with the transition to bidirectional cascade.

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Rotating quantum wave turbulence

Cited by 14 publications

References 71 publications

Direct visualization of the quantum vortex lattice structure, oscillations, and destabilization in rotating ⁴ He

Direct visualization of the quantum vortex lattice structure, oscillations, and destabilization in rotating ⁴ He

Magnon Bose–Einstein condensates: From time crystals and quantum chromodynamics to vortex sensing and cosmology

Dynamics of quantum turbulence in axially rotating thermal counterflow

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Rotating quantum wave turbulence

Cited by 14 publications

References 71 publications

Direct visualization of the quantum vortex lattice structure, oscillations, and destabilization in rotating 4 He

Direct visualization of the quantum vortex lattice structure, oscillations, and destabilization in rotating 4 He

Magnon Bose–Einstein condensates: From time crystals and quantum chromodynamics to vortex sensing and cosmology

Dynamics of quantum turbulence in axially rotating thermal counterflow

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Direct visualization of the quantum vortex lattice structure, oscillations, and destabilization in rotating ⁴ He

Direct visualization of the quantum vortex lattice structure, oscillations, and destabilization in rotating ⁴ He