Rotary drum composting of vegetable waste and tree leaves

Kalamdhad, Ajay S.; Singh, Yatish Kumar; Ali, Musrrat; Khwairakpam, Meena; Kazmi, A.A.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.07.030

Cited by 151 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…High EC values of compost may have phytoxicity effects on the plant and negatively influence the plant growth and seed germination (Banegas et al 2007;Kalamdhad et al 2009;Arslan et al 2011). Experimental results showed that EC values of FS compost increased earlier than FP compost (Figure 2).…”

Section: Ph and Electrical Conductivity (Ec)mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is known that the highest thermophilic activity in the composting system was maintained at a temperature between 52 and 60°C (Liang et al 2003;Kalamdhad et al 2009). The high temperature ensured the elimination of all pathogens; only 3 days at 55°C was sufficient for elimination of pathogens (Rasapoor et al 2009).…”

Section: Temperature and Ourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental results showed that EC values of FS compost increased earlier than FP compost (Figure 2). This increase could be due to the release of mineral cation concentration such as ammonium ions and phosphate which did not bind to the stable organic complex or went out of the system through leachate (Francou et al 2005;Kalamdhad et al 2009). …”

Section: Ph and Electrical Conductivity (Ec)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of locally available bulking agents in Newfoundland and Labrador during bench-scale municipal solid waste composting

et al. 2014

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Background: Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) has one of the highest waste disposal rates in Canada and it has 200 small communities without access to central composting facilities. During Municipal solid waste (MSW) composting, the selection of bulking agents is critical. Bench-scale composting systems plus locally available bulking agents are thus desired for economic and effective MSW management in NL communities. This study evaluated the performance of locally available bulking agents (i.e., NL sawdust and peat) during MSW composting in a bench-scale system. Physiochemical (temperature, oxygen uptake rate, pH, electrical conductivity, moisture and ash content, and C/N ratio) and biological (enzyme activities and germination index) parameters were monitored to evaluate compost maturity and stability. Results: In peat composting, higher temperature for a longer duration was observed, indicating more effective pathogen removal and sterilization. High enzyme activities of dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, and phosphodiesterase in the third week of composting imply high microbial activity and high decomposition rate. The low C/N ratio for compost product implies acceptable stability states. In sawdust composting, higher temperature and oxygen uptake rate (OUR) were observed in the third week of composting, and higher enzyme activities in the second week. Sawdust composting generated a higher germination index, indicating higher maturity. Conclusions: Both sawdust and peat are effective bulking agents for the bench-scale composting. The choice of a bulking agent for a particular community depends on the availability of the agent and land in the region, convenience of transportation, price, and the expected quality of the compost product.

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Section: Ph and Electrical Conductivity (Ec)mentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Temperature and Ourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ph and Electrical Conductivity (Ec)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance of locally available bulking agents in Newfoundland and Labrador during bench-scale municipal solid waste composting

et al. 2014

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“…Therefore, they should be co-composted with dry and carbon rich bulking agents to adjust the C/N ratio and humidity up to 40-60%. Several additions have been successfully applied to balance the initial C/N ratio of chopped tomato plants or culls such as cattle manure and sawdust [174], two-phase olive-mill pomace plus poultry manure [175,176], almond shells and sewage sludge [177], pine bark [170,178], biochar and chicken manure [179], wheat straw and separated dairy manures [180], hen manure and sawdust [181]. Composting of tomato wastes usually takes 2-4 months but advancements in composting technology have reduced its duration and improved the quality of compost by means of added specific compounds or microbial inoculums [170].…”

Section: Fertilizer Production From Cull Tomato and Tomato Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing, Valorization and Application of Bio-Waste Derived Compounds from Potato, Tomato, Olive and Cereals: A Review

Fritsch

Stäbler

Happel³

et al. 2017

Sustainability

148

102

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Abstract:The vast and ever-growing amount of agricultural and food wastes has become a major concern throughout the whole world. Therefore, strategies for their processing and value-added reuse are needed to enable a sustainable utilization of feedstocks and reduce the environmental burden. By-products of potato, tomato, cereals and olive arise in significant amounts in European countries and are consequently of high relevance. Due to their composition with various beneficial ingredients, the waste products can be valorized by different techniques leading to economic and environmental advantages. This paper focuses on the waste generation during industrial processing of potato, tomato, cereals and olives within the European Union and reviews state-of-the-art technologies for their valorization. Furthermore, current applications, future perspectives and challenges are discussed.

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“…Each sample was analysed for the following parameters: pH, electrical conductivity (EC) (1:10 w/v waste: water extract), organic matter and ash content (Kalamdhad et al, 2009). The flame photometer (Systronic 128) was used for analysis of Na, K and Ca concentration and atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) (Varian Spectra 55B) was used to quantify the Mg, Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr concentrations after the digestion of 0.2 g sample with 10 mL of H 2 SO 4 and HClO 4 (5:1) mixture in block digestion system (Pelican Equipments Chennai, India) for 2 h at 300 o C. Watersoluble heavy metals were determined after extraction of 2.5 g sample with 50 mL of distilled water (sample: solution ratio = 1:20) at room temperature for 2 h in a shaker at 100 rpm (Singh and Kalamdhad, 2013a).…”

Section: Physico-chemical Analysis Of Vermicompost Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of bioavailability of heavy metals during vermicomposting of phumdi biomass of Loktak Lake (India) using Eisenia fetida

Singh

Pankaj

Singh

et al. 2014

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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Vermicomposting of phumdi biomass is a good alternative for protecting Loktak Lake and is advantageous for agriculture purposes. Research was carried out on bioavailability and leachability of nutrients (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr) during vermicomposting of phumdi biomass for 45 days using Eisenia fetida earthworm. The bioavailability of heavy metals was determined in the form of water soluble and diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) extractable. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure test was performed to determine the leachable heavy metals during the vermicomposting process. The concentration of nutrients increased during the process; whereas the concentration of water soluble, DTPA extractable and leachable heavy metals decreased significantly in all the trials. The vermicomposting of phumdi biomass by Eisenia fetida was very effective for the reduction of bioavailability and leachability of selected heavy metals. The leachability test confirmed that prepared vermicompost is not hazardous for soil, plants and human health. The possibility of using earthworms to mitigate the metal toxicity and to enhance the nutrient profile in phumdi biomass vermicompost, is advantageous in sustainable land renovation practices on a low-input basis.

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Rotary drum composting of vegetable waste and tree leaves

Cited by 151 publications

References 18 publications

Performance of locally available bulking agents in Newfoundland and Labrador during bench-scale municipal solid waste composting

Performance of locally available bulking agents in Newfoundland and Labrador during bench-scale municipal solid waste composting

Processing, Valorization and Application of Bio-Waste Derived Compounds from Potato, Tomato, Olive and Cereals: A Review

Reduction of bioavailability of heavy metals during vermicomposting of phumdi biomass of Loktak Lake (India) using Eisenia fetida

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