Rostral Wulst in passerine birds. I. Origin, course, and terminations of an avian pyramidal tract

Wild, J. Martin; Williams, M.N.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(20000124)416:4<429::aid-cne2>3.0.co;2-x

Cited by 100 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Separate rationales for the renaming of the individual pseudolayers of the Wulst are discussed below. It needs to be noted that this name change does not affect the name of the individual functional areas (i.e., S1/M1 and V1) making up the Wulst, which each appear to span the depth of the various Wulst pseudolayers Medina and Reiner, 2000;Wild and Williams, 2000;Table 3, Figs. 7, 8).…”

Section: Rationale For Individual Changes: the Hyperstriatummentioning

confidence: 64%

“…septum Krayniak and Siegel, 1978a,b;Wild and Williams, 2000). The Forum also observed that the "-mesencephalicus" part of the name may be somewhat misleading if taken literally, because the Wulst (primarily the HA) via the TSM also gives rise to projections to diencephalic sites and sites posterior to midbrain, including the upper spinal cord in at least some species Wild and Williams, 2000).…”

Section: Lamina Frontalis Superior (Lfs) 3 Lamina Frontalis Superior mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Forum also observed that the "-mesencephalicus" part of the name may be somewhat misleading if taken literally, because the Wulst (primarily the HA) via the TSM also gives rise to projections to diencephalic sites and sites posterior to midbrain, including the upper spinal cord in at least some species Wild and Williams, 2000). Nonetheless, for continuity with the previous literature, the Forum concluded that it would be appropriate to rename the tractus septomesencephalicus as the tractus septopallio-mesencephalicus, with no change in abbreviation, to reflect its origin in the pallium (Table 7, Figs.…”

Section: Lamina Frontalis Superior (Lfs) 3 Lamina Frontalis Superior mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6B, 9B,C). Note that the portion of the TSM arising from the primary sensory/motor field within the Wulst that courses to upper spinal levels resembles the pyramidal tract of mammals Wild and Williams, 2000).…”

Section: Lamina Frontalis Superior (Lfs) 3 Lamina Frontalis Superior mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei

Reiner

Perkel

Bruce

et al. 2004

J of Comparative Neurology

1,061

1,170

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The standard nomenclature that has been used for many telencephalic and related brainstem structures in birds is based on flawed assumptions of homology to mammals. In particular, the outdated terminology implies that most of the avian telencephalon is a hypertrophied basal ganglia, when it is now clear that most of the avian telencephalon is neurochemically, hodologically, and functionally comparable to the mammalian neocortex, claustrum, and pallial amygdala (all of which derive from the pallial sector of the developing telencephalon). Recognizing that this promotes misunderstanding of the functional organization of avian brains and their evolutionary relationship to mammalian brains, avian brain specialists began discussions to rectify this problem, culminating in the Avian Brain Nomenclature Forum held at Duke University in July 2002, which approved a new terminology for avian telencephalon and some allied brainstem cell groups. Details of this new terminology are presented here, as is a rationale for each name change and evidence for any homologies implied by the new names.Revisions for the brainstem focused on vocal control, catecholaminergic, cholinergic, and basal ganglia-related nuclei. For example, the Forum recognized that the hypoglossal nucleus had been incorrectly identified as the nucleus intermedius in the Karten and Hodos (1967) pigeon brain atlas, and what was identified as the hypoglossal nucleus in that atlas should instead be called the supraspinal nucleus. The locus ceruleus of this and other avian atlases was noted to consist of a caudal noradrenergic part homologous to the mammalian locus coeruleus and a rostral region corresponding to the mammalian A8 dopaminergic cell group. The midbrain dopaminergic cell group in birds known as the nucleus tegmenti pedunculopontinus pars compacta was recognized as homologous to the mammalian substantia nigra pars compacta and was renamed accordingly; a group of ␥-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurons at the lateral edge of this region was identified as homologous to the mammalian substantia nigra pars reticulata and was also renamed accordingly. A field of cholinergic neurons in the rostral avian hindbrain was named the nucleus pedunculopontinus tegmenti, whereas the anterior nucleus of the ansa lenticularis in the avian diencephalon was renamed the subthalamic nucleus, both for their evident mammalian homologues.For the basal (i.e., subpallial) telencephalon, the actual parts of the basal ganglia were given names reflecting their now evident homologues. For example, the lobus parolfactorius and paleostriatum augmentatum were acknowledged to make up the dorsal subdivision of the striatal part of the basal ganglia and were renamed as the medial and lateral striatum. The paleostriatum primitivum was recognized as homologous to the mammalian globus pallidus and renamed as such. Additionally, the rostroventral part of what was called the lobus parolfactorius was acknowledged as comparable to the mammalian nucleus accumbens, which, together with the...

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Section: Rationale For Individual Changes: the Hyperstriatummentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Lamina Frontalis Superior (Lfs) 3 Lamina Frontalis Superior mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lamina Frontalis Superior (Lfs) 3 Lamina Frontalis Superior mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lamina Frontalis Superior (Lfs) 3 Lamina Frontalis Superior mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei

Reiner

Perkel

Bruce

et al. 2004

J of Comparative Neurology

1,061

1,170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…expression was blocked throughout the rostral-caudal extent of the PH and PMD, but not in more anterior and medially adjacent areas within the hyperpallium and dorsal mesopallium of the known somatosensory parts of these brain subdivisions (figure 2d,h,g; Wild 1997; Wild & Williams 2000;Feenders et al 2008); and it was blocked in the entire MVe, Ne and Ste surrounding E (figure 2e,g) and in all layers of the TeO (figure 2e,f, i,g).…”

Section: Results (A) Visual Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing visual requirements for social context-dependent activation of the songbird song system

et al. 2008

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Social context has been shown to have a profound influence on brain activation in a wide range of vertebrate species. Best studied in songbirds, when males sing undirected song, the level of neural activity and expression of immediate early genes (IEGs) in several song nuclei is dramatically higher or lower than when they sing directed song to other birds, particularly females. This differential social context-dependent activation is independent of auditory input and is not simply dependent on the motor act of singing. These findings suggested that the critical sensory modality driving social context-dependent differences in the brain could be visual cues. Here, we tested this hypothesis by examining IEG activation in song nuclei in hemispheres to which visual input was normal or blocked. We found that covering one eye blocked visually induced IEG expression throughout both contralateral visual pathways of the brain, and reduced activation of the contralateral ventral tegmental area, a non-visual midbrain motivation-related area affected by social context. However, blocking visual input had no effect on the social context-dependent activation of the contralateral song nuclei during female-directed singing. Our findings suggest that individual sensory modalities are not direct driving forces for the social context differences in song nuclei during singing. Rather, these social context differences in brain activation appear to depend more on the general sense that another individual is present.

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Neural pathways for bilateral vocal control in songbirds

2000

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Ipsilateral and contralateral projections of nucleus robustus archistriatalis (RA), a telencephalic vocal premotor nucleus, to respiratory-vocal nuclei in the brainstem were defined in adult male Wasserschlager canaries, grey catbirds, and zebra finches, three songbird species that appear to differ in the degree of lateralized syringeal dominance. In all three species, ipsilateral projections of RA to the medulla included the tracheosyringeal part of the hypoglossal nucleus (XIIts), that innervates the syrinx, the bird's vocal organ, the suprahypoglossal area (SH), and two respiratory-related nuclei, retroambigualis (RAm) and parambigualis (PAm; Reinke and Wild [1998] J Comp Neurol 391:147-163). Projections of RA to the contralateral XIIts, SH and RAm, were substantial in canaries, which use the left side of the syrinx predominantly during singing; less pronounced in catbirds, which have no lateral dominance for song control; and least pronounced in zebra finches, in which there is a right-sided dominance for song control. There were no obvious differences in the number of crossed projections in birds injected in the left or right RA. Local sources of inputs to XIIts and RAm were defined anatomically in zebra finches and canaries. RAm, including neurons in close proximity to XIIts, was found to project to XIIts and the suprahypoglossal area bilaterally but predominantly ipsilaterally. RAm also had reciprocal connections with its contralateral homologue. These results suggest a pattern of connections between premotor and motor respiratory-vocal nuclei that may be involved in bilateral control of vocal output at medullary levels, a control that involves a high degree of coordination between vocal and respiratory structures on both sides of the body.

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Rostral Wulst in passerine birds. I. Origin, course, and terminations of an avian pyramidal tract

Cited by 100 publications

References 70 publications

Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei

Revised nomenclature for avian telencephalon and some related brainstem nuclei

Assessing visual requirements for social context-dependent activation of the songbird song system

Neural pathways for bilateral vocal control in songbirds

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