Ross River Virus Risk Associated with Dispersal of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) camptorhynchus (Thomson) from Breeding Habitat into Surrounding Residential Areas: Muddy Lakes, Western Australia

Jardine, Andrew; Neville, Peter J.; Dent, Chris; Webster, Carla; Lindsay, M.D.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0399

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This is not surprising, and accords with a number of other studies conducted in Western Australia, particularly in the Peel, Geographe, and Leschenault regions, south of Perth [10,18,19]. Regardless, public education campaigns are needed to educate the community as a whole, to reduce the incidents of mosquitoes within on-site infrastructure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Thus, residents living in these areas have an elevated risk of contracting mosquito-borne infections, in addition to the increased nuisance impact [10]. Consequently, it is necessary to develop an understanding of the knowledge base of this exposed sub-group of the population regarding the management of mosquito-rearing containers in their own backyards, and their approaches to broader personal and household preventive practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Looking over the Backyard Fence”: Householders and Mosquito Control

Mainali

Lamichhane

Clark

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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(1) Background: Vector-borne diseases are a significant public health problem in Western Australia. Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of a number of pathogens and may pose a serious nuisance problem. Prevention efforts in the State are multi-faceted and include physical, chemical, and cultural control methods for restricting mosquito breeding. This is less complex where breeding areas are located within public open spaces. In Australia’s developed urban areas, breeding sites are, however, frequently located within private residential landholdings, where the scope of public health officials to act is constrained by law and practicality. Consequently, mosquito prevention in these locations is predominantly the responsibility of the residents. This research addressed a gap, both in understanding the degree to which “backyard” mosquito breeding has the potential to contribute to local mosquito problems, and in assessing what residents “think and do” about mosquito control within their home environment. (2) Methods: The study was conducted in the Town of Bassendean, a metropolitan Local Government Area of Perth, Western Australia, in close proximity to two natural, productive mosquito breeding sites, namely Ashfield Flats and Bindaring Park. A total of 150 householders were randomly surveyed during the summer of 2015–2016, to gauge residents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP (knowledge, attitudes, and practices) Survey) in regards to mosquitoes, their breeding and ecology, and avoidance or minimization strategies. The survey comprised nine questions covering residents’ knowledge (3 questions), attitudes (3 questions), and practices (3 questions), as well as additional questions regarding the basic demographics of the resident. Larvae were collected from backyard containers and reared to adults for species identification. A series of Encephalitis Vector Surveillance carbon dioxide (EVS CO2) traps were also deployed, to assess adult mosquito density and species composition. (3) Results: Aedes notoscriptus (Skuse), a known container-inhabiting species, accounted for just over 50% of all mosquitoes identified. Most residents were aware of mosquito-borne disease and its risk in their local area. While the majority (79%) of the sample correctly identified Ross River virus as the most common infection in WA, a significant gap in the general knowledge of residents in regards to mosquito biology and breeding habits, was noted. Furthermore, only 50% of residents reported using personal protective measures to reduce mosquito bites and only one in six residents undertook physical or chemical mosquito control around their home. Additionally, 60% of respondents believed that mosquito control was “a job for the council and the state government”, rather than for individual householders. (4) Conclusions: A significant gap in the knowledge of residents in the study area existed in regards to the general knowledge of mosquitoes and their breeding habits; types of treatments that could be employed within the home; a...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Looking over the Backyard Fence”: Householders and Mosquito Control

Mainali

Lamichhane

Clark

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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“…In explaining this result, it must be acknowledged that regional variation in mosquito ecology/population abundance and urban planning exists. In some regions, the high proportion of individuals being bitten at home may be largely attributed to the close proximity of housing to local wetlands, as has been demonstrated in the Peel, Geographe and Leschenault regions of WA ( 18 – 20 ). In other regions, particularly those in the Perth Metropolitan area, it is important to consider the potential role of domestic container breeding within the urban environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

A Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Relation to Mosquitoes and Mosquito-Borne Disease in Western Australia

Potter

Jardine

Neville

2016

Front. Public Health

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On average, more than 1,000 individuals will acquire a mosquito-borne disease in Western Australia (WA) each year. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in relation to mosquitoes and mosquito-borne disease have not yet been investigated within Australia. A randomized telephone survey of 2,500 households across 12 regions in WA was undertaken between February and May 2014. The aim of the survey was to obtain baseline KAP data surrounding mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases in different regions of WA, across a range of age groups and between males and females. The results of this survey indicate that the majority of respondents are aware of the potential for mosquitoes in WA to transmit Ross River virus, while awareness of other endemic mosquito-borne diseases remains limited. Common misconceptions exist in relation to exotic mosquito-borne diseases, with respondents incorrectly identifying malaria and dengue as endemic diseases in WA. The survey also highlighted a range of important issues, such as limited awareness of the potential for backyard breeding in domestic containers, occupational exposure to mosquitoes in regions with a large employment base in the mining and resources sector, increased exposure to mosquitoes as a result of participation in outdoor recreational activities in the north of the State, and reduced awareness of mosquito-borne disease in individuals aged 18–34 years. The results of this study will be used to inform the development of a new communication strategy by the Department of Health, to further raise awareness of mosquito-borne disease in WA. The data will then provide a baseline against which to compare future survey results, facilitating the rigorous evaluation of new communication efforts.

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“…We also recently demonstrated a significant increase in RRV risk within 2 km of a known highly productive breeding habitat located 200 km south of the current study region that resulted from dispersal of Ae. camptorhynchus into surrounding residential areas ( Jardine et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proximity to Mosquito Breeding Habitat and Ross River Virus Risk in the Peel Region of Western Australia

JardineAndrew

NevillePeter

LindsayMichael

2015

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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It is intuitive that vector-borne disease exposure risk is related to proximity to sources of vector breeding, but this aspect rarely receives empirical testing. The population of Western Australia (WA) is increasing rapidly, with many new residential developments proposed in close proximity to mosquito breeding habitat. However, potential mosquito-borne disease risks for future residents are given little consideration by planning authorities. The Peel region is one of the fastest growing regions in WA and regularly experiences a large number of cases of the mosquito-borne Ross River virus (RRV) disease with epidemics occuring in the region every few years. A spatial analysis of RRV disease data in the Peel region was undertaken to determine the risk associated with proximity to a mosquito breeding habitat. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software was used to create buffers between 1 and 6 km from the breeding habitat. The number of cases per 1000 dwellings in each buffer was calculated between 2002/03 to 2011/12 for years with >100 cases across all buffers (n=5) in addition to the cumulative rate over the entire period in each buffer. Residents living within 1 km of a mosquito breeding habitat had a significantly higher rate of RRV disease compared to the background rate across the Peel region in all individual years investigated. The cumulative data over the 10-year study period showed that residents in the 1- and 2-km buffers had a significantly higher rate, whereas those living between 3 and 6 km away did not. This study demonstrates an increased mosquito-borne disease risk associated with living in close proximity to a mosquito breeding habitat in a rapidly expanding region of WA and highlights the importance of considering mosquito-borne disease risks when planning authorities assess new residential development applications. Known mosquito breeding wetlands should be incorporated into land use planning scheme maps to ensure that they are accurately delineated and the implications are considered when planning decisions are made.

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Ross River Virus Risk Associated with Dispersal of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) camptorhynchus (Thomson) from Breeding Habitat into Surrounding Residential Areas: Muddy Lakes, Western Australia

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

“Looking over the Backyard Fence”: Householders and Mosquito Control

“Looking over the Backyard Fence”: Householders and Mosquito Control

A Survey of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Relation to Mosquitoes and Mosquito-Borne Disease in Western Australia

Proximity to Mosquito Breeding Habitat and Ross River Virus Risk in the Peel Region of Western Australia

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